Filamentation instability in two counter-streaming laser plasmas

The filamentation instability was observed in the interaction of two counter-streaming laser ablated plasma flows,which were supersonic, collisionless, and also closely relevant to astrophysical conditions. The plasma flows were created by irradiating a pair of oppositely standing plastic(CH) foils with 1ns-pulsed laser beams of total energy of 1.7 k J in two laser spots. With characteristics diagnosed in experiments, the calculated features of Weibel-type filaments are in good agreement with measurements.     

高功率激光终端KDP晶体非共线高效三倍频及远场色分离方案数值模拟分析

为满足高功率激光装置对终端光学系统的改进要求,控制3ω光路透射元件厚度以降低激光损伤风险,避免3ω非对称聚焦与色分离元件对靶场调靶产生不利影响,本文利用非共线相位匹配原理讨论了KDP晶体Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类两种和频产生351 nm(3ω)激光及其远场色分离过程.模拟结果表明,室温20?C环境中除目前常用的共线和频外,1053 nm(ω)与526.5 nm(2ω)激光可选择Ⅰ类或Ⅱ类两种非共线和频方式实现高效3ω激光输出并在激光远场实现色分离,且具有足够的高效转换失谐角容宽.计算表明,与Ⅰ类和频类似,Ⅱ类和频也存在一个非临界相位匹配过程,其匹配方向约为θ(3ω)=86.53?.可通过增加晶体厚度克服其有效非线性系数较低的缺点,实现3ω高效输出,失谐角容宽可达±20 mrad.为满足靶场需要,解决非共线角容宽苛刻带来的调节不便,并进一步使光路紧凑,将楔角为12?的熔石英楔板置于倍频晶体之后,ω与2ω激光在熔石英楔板后表面可产生约3.5 mrad分离角.经非共线和频,使用薄透镜即可实现聚焦及色分离.该方案完全满足终端光学系统的改进要求,可作为可靠的备选方案之一.     

汞蒸汽中双光子共振四波和频产生125nm的相干辐射

利用汞原子6~1S_0—7~1S_0双光子共振四波和频产生了125nm的相干辐射.对双光子共振增强效应、双光子共振克尔(Kerr)效应进行了研究.讨论了平面波和聚焦情况下最佳相位匹配的条件.实验中还观测到了四波参量振荡和四波差频的信号输出.     

高功率激光驱动器光束自动准直目标定位算法

为满足高功率激光驱动器光束自动准直的高精度和实时性要求,提出了一种快速高精度的自动准直目标定位算法。首先利用变结构元广义数学形态学边缘检测算法在充分提取图像边缘细节信息的同时抑制图像噪声的影响,然后采用拉格朗日多项式插值算法对圆目标轮廓进行快速亚像素定位,最后利用最小二乘拟合以及几何形心拟合的方法实现图像中光斑目标中心的精确定位。该算法在神光Ⅱ升级装置的光路自动准直中得以验证,实验结果表明八路预放光路准直时间小于3 min,主放光路准直时间小于7 min,主放输出光束近场准直准确度优于0.2%,远场指向准确度优于0.2(RMS)。     

Phase mismatching analysis of third-harmonic generation in BBO crystal

<正>Phase mismatching for third-harmonic generation(THG) in barium metaborate(BBO) crystal is investigated in detail.Upon using BBO crystal in the TypeⅠ(oo→e) scheme,in the two independent planes (principal section of the crystal and the plane normal to principal section),when the input second-harmonic beam deviates from the expected direction,phase mismatching occurs and the angle deviation produces different effects on the conversion efficiency.We numerically simulate these two cases of phase mismatching and identify the relation between the conversion efficiency and the deviation angle in the air.The computational results indicate that the phase matching tolerance in the principal section is 0.2°(in the air),while the phase matching tolerance in the plane normal to principal section is 4.5°(in the air).After conducting a lab experiment,the results agree perfectly with the computational results,indicating that the deviation angle in the principal section has a greater effect on the conversion efficiency.     

高功率激光装置光束准直系统新型远场监测技术

利用高功率激光装置空间滤波器小孔成像和取样光栅的衍射,设计出一套新型光路远场监测方案,并且在实验平台上进行了实验验证.实验结果表明：相对传统的远场监测方法,该远场监测系统通过侧面离轴光栅取样灵活利用空间,其调整平均误差为空间滤波器小孔直径0.9%,能够满足准直系统远场调整精度(<小孔直径5%)的要求. 关键词： 激光技术 光束准直 光栅 远场     

高功率激光器自动准直系统图像处理的可信度评估

自动准直系统是将采集的图像进行特定算法处理获取光束的位置信息,驱动电机调整光斑到指定的位置,其中图像质量对光束定位的精确性影响很大,为尽量避免受严重噪音和光束畸变影响的图像进入图像处理流程而产生准直结果的错误判断,保证自动准直系统图像处理结果的精确性,试图提供一种较为简单的判断依据,采用基于Monte-Carlo模拟方法,建立了远场准直过程中三种主要噪音的干扰评估模型,以测量不确定度作为定量判断处理图像与否的特征参数,将该结果做成统计图表作为判断依据。结果表明,在设定合理测量不确定度阈值的情况下,该特征参数能够较好地排除不良图像,从而提高准直结果的可信度。     

Application of multi-pulse optical imaging to measure evolution of laser-produced counter-streaming flows

A counter-streaming flow system is a test-bed to investigate the astrophysical collisionless shock(CS) formation in the laboratory. Electrostatic/electromagnetic instabilities, competitively growing in the system and exciting the CS formation, are sensitive to the flows parameters. One of the most important parameters is the velocity, determining what kind of instability contributes to the shock formation. Here we successfully measure the evolution of the counter-streaming flows within one shot using a multi-pulses imaging diagnostic technique. With the technique, the average velocity of the high-density-part(ne ≥ 8–9 × 10~(19)cm~(-3)) of the flow is directly measured to be of ～ 10~6cm/s between 7 ns and 17 ns.Meanwhile, the average velocity of the low-density-part(ne ≤ 2 × 10~(19)cm~(-3)) can be estimated as ～ 10~7cm/s. The experimental results show that a collisionless shock is formed during the low-density-part of the flow interacting with each other.     

Bow shocks formed by a high-speed laser-driven plasma cloud interacting with a cylinder obstacle

A bow shock is formed in the interaction of a high-speed laser-driven plasma cloud with a cylinder obstacle. Its temporal and spatial structures are observed by shadowgraphy and interferometry. The width of the shock transition region is ～ 50 μm, comparable to the ion–ion collision mean free path, which indicates that collision is dominated in the shock probably. The Mach-number of the ablating plasma cloud is ～ 15 at first, and decreases with time resulting in a changing shock structure. A two-dimension hydrodynamics code, USim, is used to simulate the interaction process. The simulated shocks can well reproduce the observed.     

神光Ⅱ激光装置集中控制系统设计

为提高神光Ⅱ激光装置的计算机控制水平,以控制系统软件开发工具EPICS为框架,设计并开发了神光Ⅱ装置的集中控制系统。具体介绍了该控制系统的总体结构和软件的逻辑组成,并以数据库和驱动程序为实例探讨了在Linux环境下EPICS软件的开发和应用。实验结果表明:该控制系统能够满足神光Ⅱ装置对计算机集中控制系统的功能要求,也为高功率激光装置的集中控制提供了新方案。