Scanning tunnelling microscope studies of growth of RuO2（110） thin layer on Ru（0001）

This paper reports that the growth of RuO_x(110) thin layer growth on Ru(0001) has been investigated by means of scanning tunnelling microscope (STM). The STM images showed a domain structure with three rotational domains of RuO_x(110) rotated by an angle of 120℃. The as-grown RuO_x(110) thin layer is expanded from the bulk-truncated RuO_x(110) due to the large mismatch between RuO_x(110) and the Ru(0001) substrate. The results also indicate that growth of RuO_x(110) thin layer on the Ru(0001) substrate by oxidation tends first to formation of the Ru-O (oxygen) chains in the [001] direction of RuO_x(110).     

Biochemical Properties and Potential Applications of a Solvent-Stable Protease from the High-Yield Protease Producer <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</Emphasis> PT121

An organic solvent-stable protease from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PT121 was purified in a single step with 55% recovery by hydrophobic interaction chromatography on a Phenyl Sepharose High Performance matrix. The purified protease was homogenous on SDS-PAGE and had an estimated molecular mass of 33 kDa. The optimal pH and temperature conditions for enzyme activity were 8.0 and 60°C, respectively. The enzyme was classified as a metalloprotease based on its strong inhibition by EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline and exhibited good stability across a broad pH range (6.0–11.0). The protease was quite stable in the presence of various water-miscible organic solvents. This is a unique property of the protease which makes it an ideal choice for application in aqueous-organic phase organic synthesis including peptides synthesis. The synthetic activity of the protease was tested using N-carbobenzoxy-l-asparagine (Z-Asp) and l-phenylalaninamide (Phe-NH₂) as substrate in the presence of various water-miscible organic solvents for aspartame precursor synthesis. The highest yield was obtained in the presence of 50% DMSO (91%). The synthesis rate in the presence of DMSO was also much higher than the rates in the other tested organic solvents, and the initial rates of Z-Asp-Phe-NH₂ synthesis in mixtures of various water-miscible organic solvents, with the exception of ethanol, correlated with the yields of Z-Asp-Phe-NH₂. Furthermore, the PT121 protease was able to use various carboxyl components (Z-AA) and Phe-NH₂ as substrates to catalyze the syntheses of the dipeptides, indicating that this protease has a broad specificity for carboxylic acid residue.     

以含碘氨基酸类激素为例刍议微量非金属元素在生物体内的作用机制

选取第五周期元素碘,结合多学科的研究方法论对含碘氨基酸类激素在生物体内的合成和分解代谢进行系统性分析。通过解析碘元素本身性质及其各个氧化态之间的转化,探讨碘元素在生物体内的作用机制,揭示自然界对物质代谢的精细调控。这一教学模式探索性地融入无机化学、元素有机化学、分子生物学、生物化学、生物物理学、化学生物学等一系列学科内容,旨在让学生在领悟生命科学内在规律,从而激发其科研及学习热情,并训练学生的类比思维和思辨能力。期对培养21世纪跨学科综合型人才的培养有所助益。     

窄带隙Ⅳ-Ⅵ族半导体PbTe(111)的表面氧化及氧的热脱附机理

利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描隧道显微镜(STM)以及低能电子衍射(LEED),对PbTe(111)薄膜的表面氧化及氧的热脱附机理进行了研究.结果表明:PbTe(111)薄膜经500 V Ar+轰击加上250℃高温退火循环处理,可得到呈(1×1)周期性排列的清洁表面.将此清洁表面暴露于大气两天后,表面被氧化形成了PbO2、PbO和TeO2,氧化层的厚度大于2个单原子层(ML),与清洁PbTe(111)表面相比,被氧化的PbTe(111)表面的Te 3d5/2与Pb 4f7/2芯态谱峰的面积比明显减小,表明被氧化的PbTe(111)表面是富Pb的.在热脱附处理过程中,PbO2和TeO2的芯态峰消失,且O1s芯态峰的强度迅速减弱,表明加热处理不仅使PbO2和TeO2发生了分解,同时也使氧发生了脱附,但PbO即使在350℃退火仍吸附于PbTe(111)表面.     

C2H2在Ru(1010)表面上的分子轨道对称性

利用角分辨紫外光电子能谱对低温下（160 K）乙炔（C2H2）气体在Ru()表面的吸附 进行了研究.实验结果表明：乙炔的C-C轴并不平行于衬底表面, C-C轴在<0001>晶向和表 面法线组成的平面内有一定的倾斜.与气相乙炔分子不同,在Ru()表面吸附的乙炔分子的C-H 轴不是沿C-C轴向.     

Electronic structure of Yb/H－Si (111) interface

Photoemission spectra are measured for Yb covered surface of wet-chemically-etched H－Si (111). The results reveal that the lattice structure of the H－Si (111) surface is stable against the deposition of Yb atoms. X-ray photoemission spectra indicate the formation of a polarized (dipole) surface layer, with the silicon negatively charged. Ultraviolet photoemission spectra exhibit the semiconducting property of the interface below one monolayer coverage. Work function variation during the formation of the Yb/H－Si (111) interface is measured by the secondary-electron cutoff in the ultraviolet photoemission spectral line. The largest decrease of work function is ～1.65eV. The contributions of the dipole surface layer and the band bending to the work function change are determined to be ～1.15eV and ～0.5eV, respectively. The work function of metal Yb is determined to be ～2.80±0.05eV.     

Lawesson试剂在有机合成中的新应用

本文评述了近十年来Lawesson试剂(LR)在有机合成尤其在杂环化合物合成中的新应用。     

有或没有Alq3参与情况下LiF和Al的化学反应

利用X光电子能谱（XPS）和高分辨电子能量损失谱（HREELS）研究了几种条件下LiF和Al的化学反应.在有Alq3参与的情况下,LiF和Al在室温下发生反应.在Al/LiF/Alq3系统中,Li 1s的峰发生了0.25 eV的位移,同时F 1s也发生了相应的位移.在没有Alq3参与的情况下,加热样品至350 K后,在Li 1s峰的低能端0.85 eV处出现了一个伴峰.XPS研究表明,这个伴峰对应的是金属态的Li 1s.HREELS的结果也验证了这一结论.     

微波辅助固相合成胸腺五肽的研究

在胸腺五肽的固相合成中, 引入微波辅助技术, 深入研究了微波作用下缩合试剂、溶剂、反应物浓度、反应时间和温度对产率的影响. 与传统方法相比, 微波将缩合反应速率提高了15倍以上, 氨基酸过量倍数也从传统的三倍降低到过量一倍, 减少胸腺五肽的合成成本约40%; 最终得到以吡啶/DMF为溶剂, 苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯为缩合试剂, 反应物浓度为0.113 mmol/L, 反应时间为4 min, 反应温度为20 ℃为最佳反应条件, 此时胸腺五肽的产率最高, 为88.7%.     

Scanning tunneling microscopy study of surface reconstruction induced by N adsorption on Cu (100) surface

The reconstructed structure of Cu (100) surface induced by atomic N adsorption is studied by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The 2D structure of copper boundary between neighbouring N covered islands is found to be sensitive to the growth conditions, e.g. N⁺ bombardment time and annealing temperature. The copper boundary experiences a transition from nano-scale stripe to nano-particle when the substrate is continuously annealed at 623~K for a longer time. A well-defined copper-stripe network can be achieved by precisely controlling the growth conditions, which highlights the possibility of producing new templates for nanofabrication.