金属-有机框架HKUST-1膜在气体分离中研究进展※

发展高效、绿色且节能的物质分离与纯化技术具有重要意义, 气体分离更是在工业、能源、医疗及科技等领域有着广泛的应用. 传统的聚合物膜在实现高效气体分离方面还面临许多挑战, 新型分离膜材料的开发是当前研究热点和难点. 金属-有机框架(Metal-Organic Frameworks, MOFs)材料作为一种新兴多孔配位聚合物, 由于其具有独特可设计的拓扑结构以及可调节的功能而受到科学家们的广泛关注. 为了克服粉体或块体MOFs很难被高效用于气体分离的难题, 开发可用于分离的MOFs膜材料是一项具有重要意义且具有挑战性的任务. HKUST-1作为一种代表性的MOFs材料, 由于其结构稳定且原料经济并具有多级孔径的结构, 常被用作制备成膜材料用于气体分离的研究和实际应用. 总结了近十年HKUST-1膜的制备方法及其气体分离性能的研究进展, 并对这个方向的研究提出了自己的看法和展望.     

Non-Markovian Master Equation for Distant Resonators Embedded in a One-Dimensional Waveguide

We develop a master equation approach to describe the dynamics of distant resonators coupled through a one-dimensional waveguide. Our method takes into account the back-actions of the reservoirs, and enables us to calculate the exact dynamics of the complete system at all times. We show that such system can cause nonexponential and long-lived photon decay due to the existence of a relaxation effect. The physical origin of non-Markovianity in our model system is the finite propagation speed resulting in time delays in communication between the nodes, and strong decay rate of the emitters into the waveguide. When the distance satisfies the standing wave condition, we find that when the time delay is increased, the dark modes formation is no longer perfect, and the average photon number of dark mode decreases in steady time limit.     

大型飞机机身曲板多轴载荷试验技术研究

根据大型运输机及客机机身壁板结构静力分析与耐久性和损伤容限试验技术需求,研制了一套能够为机身壁板施加多轴载荷的试验系统(FPTS)。该系统由轴向载荷施加组件、剪切载荷施加组件、气压载荷及环向平衡载荷施加组件构成,既能为机身曲板施加单一载荷,同时又能实现多轴载荷协调加载,解决了多轴载荷施加边界约束的相互干涉与耦合问题。试验结果表明,单轴载荷试验应变数据均匀,多轴载荷试验应变满足结构在小变形下的叠加原理。上述试验结果可为机身静强度及疲劳强度设计提供数据支持。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测海参中硝基呋喃代谢物前处理方案的探讨

利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)联合改进的QuEChERS建立了同时测定活海参中硝基呋喃类药物的代谢物氨基脲、1-氨基乙内酰脲、3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮、5-甲基吗啉-3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮的方法。样品经盐酸水解,2-硝基苯甲醛衍生,37℃水浴16 h,调节至pH 7.0~7.5,QuEChERS提取净化,氮吹至干后,用20%乙腈水定容,经C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,用HPLC-MS/MS以多反应监测模式进行检测。结果表明,该方法的线性范围为1.0~10μg/L,4种代谢物的相关系数均不小于0.999,检出限和定量下限分别为0.15μg/kg和0.5μg/kg,在0.5,1.0,2.0,5.0μg/kg的加标水平下,回收率为88.0%~109.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.8%~11.0%。用此方法对大连地区200批海参进行检测,合格率为95%。该方法前处理操作简便,省时,溶剂消耗量小,可作为同时分析活海参中4种硝基呋喃类药物代谢物残留量的有效手段。     

Fine-tuning the thicknesses of organic layers to realize high-efficiency and long-lifetime blue organic light-emitting diodes

By using p-bis(p-N,N-diphenyl-aminostyryl)benzene doped 2-tert-butyl-9,10-bis-β-naphthyl)-anthracene as an emitting layer,we fabricate a high-efficiency and long-lifetime blue organic light emitting diode with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 6.19% and a stable lifetime at a high initial current density of 0.0375 A/cm2.We demonstrate that the change in the thicknesses of organic layers affects the operating voltage and luminous efficiency greater than the lifetime.The lifetime being independent of thickness is beneficial in achieving high-quality full-colour display devices and white lighting sources with multi-emitters.     

The effect of degenerate atomic levels on the field state dissipation in two—photon Jaynes—Cummings model

The dissipation of the field in the two-photonJaynes-Cummings model (JCM) with degenerate atomic levels was studied.The initial degenerate atomic state affects the field coherence loss,when the degenerate atom is initially in an equal probability superposition state,the field coherence loss is smallest,It is found that the degeneracy of the atomic level increases the period of entanglement between the atom and the field.When the degeneracy was considered,the coherence properties of the field could be affected by the reservoir qualitatively,if a nonlinear two-photon process is involved.This is different from the dissipation of one-photon JCM with degenerate atomic levels.     

基于分子转-振光谱精细结构的火焰温度遥测方法

燃烧火焰温度是固体推进剂等重要参数,本文研究了基于分子转-振光谱精细结构的火焰温度遥测方法.根据分子转-振光谱线的展宽机制,研究了分子谱线线型.结合朗伯-比耳吸收定律,去除谱线中心受大气低温气体吸收影响较大的数据点后,利用谱线两翼的数据点进行谱线线型拟合,利用分子转-振光谱精细结构温度遥测方法将经拟合修正后数据反演火焰...     

应用于FTIR气体监测的HITRAN数据库分子标准吸收截面计算方法研究

根据HITRAN数据库中分子吸收谱线的积分线强和一些谱线相关参数(中心位置、压力展宽半宽度、温度依赖系数等),研究了应用于FTIR气体监测的HITRAN数据库分子标准吸收截面计算方法,主要包括线强温度修正,谱线展宽,谱线卷积,逐线积分和数值算法.以甲烷为例给出采用矩形(Boxcar)和三角(Triangular)两种截断函数得到的1cm-1分辨率下甲烷分子标准吸收截面数据.     

一道力学题错解的辩析

[题目]:一质量为M,倾角为α高为h的光滑斜面体放在光滑水平面上,在斜面顶端有一质量为m的物块,让物块由静止开始下滑,求物块滑到底端时的速度是多少? 原解:如图1,设物块滑至斜面底端时