Synthesis,characterization and thermal stability of novel carborane-containing epoxy novolacs

Carborane bisphenol novolacs(3 and 4) were synthesized in the presence of acid catalyst from carborane bisphenols(5 and 6) and formaldehyde. Further epoxidization of carborane bisphenol novolacs with epichlorohydrin gave carborane bisphenol epoxy novolacs(1 and 2). The molecular weight and epoxy value of obtained resins were determined using the molecular weight of their precursors. The epoxy values of 1 and 2 were 0.48 and 0.52 respectively, higher than the maximum theoretical epoxy value(0.45) of difunctional carborane bisphenol epoxy resins. FTIR and NMR were utilized to characterize 1 and 2. The curing behaviors were also studied by DSC and the optimized curing conditions were obtained.TGA analysis indicated that carborane moiety could shield its adjacent organic structures against initial decomposition. On the other hand, B―H on carborane cage could react with oxygen to form a three-dimensional network linked by B―O―B and B―C bonds, which further blocked the movement of formed radicals and thus the degradation process was inhibited.     

低分子量含氟聚合物的制备、官能化及特性

低分子量含氟聚合物是重要的新型功能材料,在国防工业中占有特殊地位。同时,作为高科技战略物资,近年来逐渐成为研究热点。本文对低分子量含氟聚合物的制备方法、官能化及特性进行了综述,重点介绍了低分子量含氟聚合物的制备和官能化方法的研究进展,并总结和详细介绍了低分子量含氟聚合物的特性,最后对该领域的前景和发展方向进行了展望。     

超分子树枝聚合物的起源与发展

超分子树枝聚合物起源于聚合物链结构的2个重要进化(树枝链和超分子),是通过建筑模块在芯、支化单元或表面的分子自组装(非共价键连接)生成的树枝聚合物,具有独特的结构特征和新颖的物理、化学等功能。超分子树枝聚合物的进一步自组织可形成液晶态或柱状体等有序结构。超分子树枝聚合物可分为氢键型、金属配位型、π-π堆叠型、离子型、拓扑型(含轮烷和索烃结构)、混合型(含2种或2种以上不同非共价键)等类型。本文综述各种类型超分子树枝聚合物的合成、结构、聚集态和应用。     

Synthesis and characterization of carborane bisphenol resol phenolic resins with ultrahigh char yield

Two carborane-containing resol phenolic resins(P1 and P2) with high boron content were synthesized via the reaction of carborane bisphenols(1 and 2) with formaldehyde in the presence of alkaline. HRMS results indicate that P1 is mainly composed of hydroxymethylated o-carborane bisphenols, the Mw of which was restrained around 500 due to the strong steric hindrance of o-carborane bisphenol. In contrast, the molecular weight of P2 was well regulated under various reaction conditions. The obtained resins were characterized with spectroscopic techniques including FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and 11B-NMR, which gave satisfactory results. TGA studies show that P2 shows char yield of 88.9% and 92.9% at 900 ?C under nitrogen and air respectively. The imported carborane cage endows phenolic resin with ultrahigh char yield. Particularly, the char yield of the obtained carborane-containing phenolic resin under air is higher than that under nitrogen. FTIR and XRD confirm that the carborane cage could react with oxygen to form B2O3 at elevated temperatures, which postpones the thermal decomposition of phenolic resin and accounts for the high char yield.     

端硅烷基液体氟弹性体的合成与固化及性能

用两步法合成了端硅烷基液体氟弹性体:(1)以端羧基液体氟弹性体和五氟苯酚为原料,通过Steglich反应制备了端五氟苯酚酯液体氟弹性体;(2)端五氟苯酚酯液体氟弹性体与γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷发生取代反应,制备端硅烷基液体氟弹性体.用FTIR,1H-NMR,19F-NMR和GPC对端羧基液体氟弹性体、端五氟苯酚酯液体氟弹性体和端硅烷基液体氟弹性体的化学结构进行了表征.端硅烷基液体氟弹性体可在室温下进行湿度固化,固化膜的T g随着固化前硅烷封端液体氟弹性体相对分子质量的增加而降低.固化膜具有很好的耐酸,航空煤油,非极性溶剂等化学药品性,且高分子量的固化膜的耐航空煤油,环己烷,盐酸性能优于低分子量的固化膜.固化膜具有较好的疏水疏油性,与水的接触角为91°~114°,与丙三醇的接触角为89°~111°.固化膜具有较好的耐热性能,5%热失重温度T5在215~280℃,800℃的残炭率为23.44%~38.69%.     

超分子聚合物复合材料及其自愈合行为

超分子聚合物复合材料定义为纤维、填料等增强体均匀分散在超分子聚合物基体中的复合材料。根据超分子聚合物与增强体之间化学键连接的不同可分为三种类型:(1)无化学键;(2)共价键;(3)非共价键。超分子聚合物复合材料与分子聚合物复合材料共同组成了完整的聚合物复合材料体系。本文综述可自愈合的氢键、π-π堆叠和金属配位型超分子聚合物复合材料的研究进展。     

芳香电子供体-受体折叠体的结构与功能

芳香电子供体-受体折叠体是由一定长度的柔性连接分子、含π电子供体(D)或称为富π电子的1,5-二烷基萘酚(Dan)等和含π电子受体(A)或称为缺π电子的1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸二酰亚胺(Ndi)等基团构成,通过分子内或分子间D-A交替堆叠而形成的折叠体。芳香电子供体-受体折叠体的形成涉及二级结构(构象)的分子自组装。自愈合功能的发现是芳香电子供体-受体折叠体研究的新亮点。本文综述各种芳香电子供体-受体折叠体的链结构、分子内或分子间D-A协同相互作用、折叠体结构和形成机理、以及镊子型折叠体的自愈合功能。     

通过点击化学策略合成双取代功能性聚炔

我们报道利用叠氮基团与乙炔中间体（P2）的侧链端炔的1,3-偶极环加成反应实现双取代聚乙炔的后功能化（P3）的合成路线的设计和实验探索.其中聚乙炔前驱物（P2）由侧链带有三甲基硅乙炔的初级聚乙炔（P1）通过去硅化反应得到.P1由特殊设计的乙炔单体在WCl6-Ph4Sn催化作用下聚合得到.该单体有两个乙炔键,其中之一由三甲基硅封端.本文探索了两种合成路线,即＂两步法＂（目标聚合物P3从初级聚合物P1经由中间体P2得到）与＂一锅法＂（由P1一锅反应直接得到P3,中间体P2未经分离与纯化）.实验结果表明＂一锅法＂更简便,且目标产物P3-1比两步法得到的产物P3-2具有更高的纯度与分子量.聚合反应与聚合物结构通过凝胶色谱（GPC）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）与核磁共振氢谱（1HNMR）进行表征.     

Synthesis and characterization of carborane-containing poly(hydroxy ethers) with excellent thermal stability

o-Carborane-containing poly(hydroxy ethers)(P1, P2 and P3) were synthesized via "advancement reaction" of o-carborane-containing bisphenol(4) and diglycidyl ether of bisphenols(DGEBA and 1). FTIR and ~(1) H-, ~(13)C-, and ~(11) B-NMR were utilized to characterize the obtained polymers. TGA test was conducted under nitrogen and air. It is found that the shielding effect of carborane moiety on its adjacent aromatic structures contributes to high initial decomposition temperatures, while oxygen in air has an adverse effect on the initial decomposition temperature. The oxygen can combine with polymer chain to form peroxide and hydroperoxide groups, which are more reactive during the degradation process. Besides, o-carborane-containing poly(hydroxy ethers) have high char yield at elevated temperatures. The boron atom combines with oxygen from the polymer structure or/and from air, thus to form a three-dimensional network linked with B―O―B and B―C bonds, and retain the polymer weight to a large extent.     

聚合物拓扑学的拓扑等价概念

聚合物拓扑学研究聚合物单体单元在大分子链的空间排布,尤其是研究常规线性以外的环形、支化、树枝、超分子组装以及含机械互锁结构的聚轮烷、聚索烃等拓扑聚合物的情况。引入拓扑等价概念可以简化具有多样性和复杂性聚合物链结构的分类。若把单体、金属离子或颗粒视为点,线性链视为线,环链视为环,则拓扑聚合物的链结构就涉及点、线、环之间的变换关系。本文介绍Tezuka提出的拓扑分类体系并阐述其在拓扑聚合物的应用。