Rational Design of Two-Dimensional Magnetic Chromium Borides Based on First-Principles Calculation

Two-dimensional(2D) magnetic materials have been experimentally recognized recently,however,the Curie temperatures(TC) of known 2D systems are quite low.Generally,magnetic systems can be seen as constituent magnetic elements providing spins and the non-magnetic elements providing frameworks to host the magnetic elements.Short bond lengths between the magnetic and non-magnetic elements would be beneficial for strong magnetic interactions and thus high TC.Based on this,we propose to combine the magnetic element Cr and the non-magnetic element boron to design novel 2D magnetic systems.Using our self-developed software package IM2 ODE,we design a series of chromium-boride based 2D magnetic materials.Nine stable magnetic systems are identified.Among them,we find that CrB4-Ⅰ,CrB4-Ⅱ and CrBs-Ⅰ with common structural units [CrB8] are ferromagnetic metals with estimated TC of 270 K,120 K and 110 K,respectively.On the other hand,five CrB3 phases with structural units [Cr2B12] are antiferromagnetic metals.Additionally,we also find one antiferromagnetic semiconductor CrB2-Ⅰ.Our work may open new directions for identifying 2D magnetic systems with high TC.     

铟镓共掺杂对n-ZnO纳米棒/p-GaN异质结生长行为和光电性能的影响

利用低温水热法在p-GaN薄膜上生长了铟(In)和镓(Ga)共掺杂的ZnO纳米棒。X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和X射线能量色谱仪(EDS)结果表明,In和Ga已固溶到ZnO晶格中。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果表明, ZnO纳米棒具有良好的c轴取向性,随着In和Ga共掺杂浓度的增加,纳米棒的直径减小,密度增加。XRD结果表明,In和Ga共掺杂引起ZnO晶格常数增大,导致(002)衍射峰向低角度方向偏移。同时,ZnO的光学性质受到In和Ga共掺杂的影响。与纯ZnO相比, 共掺杂ZnO纳米棒的紫外发射峰都出现轻微红移,这是表面共振和带隙重整效应综合作用的结果。I-V特性曲线表明,随着In和Ga共掺杂浓度的增加,n-ZnO纳米棒/p-GaN异质结具有更好的导电性。     

粗糙床面物质交换特性及其主导机制实验研究

粗糙底床泥-水界面区域的物质交换过程不仅与水动力作用有关,还涉及到底床物理特性和床面形态的影响.为研究粗糙底床渗透率和床面微地形对泥-水界面物质交换过程的综合影响,通过实验室环形水槽实验,测量得到不同砂质平整底床和存在离散粗糙元床面条件下,泥-水界面物质交换通量和有效扩散系数的定量数据和变化特征,并采用参数化方法分析无量纲控制参数变化范围内界面物质交换特性的主导机制.实验结果表明,粗糙底床渗透率和床面微地形共同对泥-水界面物质交换过程起重要作用.与平整底床相比,离散粗糙元局部绕流结构驱动的附加泵吸交换不同程度增大了界面物质交换通量,其增强效应与底床渗透率和床面粗糙度的变化密切相关.随底床渗透率和床面粗糙度的增大,有效扩散系数总体呈增大趋势,湍流渗透对界面物质交换的影响趋于增强,而泵吸交换的相对贡献趋于减弱.因此,分析存在床面微地形粗糙底床的主导界面物质交换机制,需要考虑底床渗透率和床面粗糙度的综合影响.     

旧知生长引出新知,信息技术提升效益——以“锐角三角函数”单元教学起始课为例

锐角三角函数是初中阶段最后"出场"的新知识(也是开启一个重要的数学分支),可以选择的新知生长点有很多,不少教材都是从生活现实出发,研究特殊直角三角形在生活中的边角关系,依次定义正切、正弦、余弦,最后归纳概括出正切函数、正弦函数、余弦函数,而且分散在两到三个课时中进行,这样当然能化解难点,并且针对每个新出现的三角函数能进行足够的解题训练.然而,上述"分散"课时教学的一个不足就是在新引入一个数学分支时不利于学生第一时间感知整体,对三角函数的源头——"客从何处来"也不甚清楚.基于以上认识,我们整合教材资源,构思了"锐角三角函数"单元教学起始课,本文整理出来,供研讨.     

First-principles investigation on ideal strength of B2 NiAl and NiTi alloys

For B2 NiAl and NiTi intermetallic compounds, the ideal stress–strain image is lack from the perspective of elastic constants. We use first-principles calculation to investigate the ideal strength and elastic behavior under the tensile and shear loads. The relation between the ideal strength and elastic constants is found. The uniaxial tension of NiAl and NiTi along <001> crystal direction leads to the change from tetragonal path to orthogonal path, which is driven by the vanishing of the shear constant C(66). The shear failure under {110}{111} shear deformation occurring in process of tension may result in a small ideal tensile strength(~ 2 GPa) for NiTi. The unlikeness in the ideal strength of Ni Al and Ni Ti alloys is discussed based on the charge density difference.     

纳米银参与的多潘立酮化学发光分析法研究

在碱性介质中,基于多潘立酮对纳米银(AgNPs)增敏Luminol-KMnO4化学发光体系发光信号的抑制作用,结合流动注射技术,提出了测定多潘立酮的化学发光分析新方法。在选定的流路和实验条件下,该方法测定多潘立酮的线性范围为1.0×10-8~5.0×10-6 g/mL,检出限为1.05×10-9 g/mL。对1.0×10-6 g/mL的多潘立酮溶液平行测定11次,其相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.7%。该法灵敏、准确、快速,用于样品中多潘立酮的测定,结果满意。     

以3,5-二硝基苯甲酸和吡唑为配体的Ni(Ⅱ),Co(Ⅱ)配合物的合成与晶体结构

以3,5-二硝基苯甲酸(3,5-Hdnbc)和吡唑(pz)为配体与Co2+和Ni 2+反应,得到了2个新的配合物[Co(3,5-dnbc)2(pz)2(H2O)2](1)和[Ni(3,5-dnbc)2(pz)4](2).用元素分析、红外光谱对其进行了表征,并用单晶X-射线衍射测定了配合物的晶体结构;配合物1和2均为单核分子,配合物1通过分子内和分子间氢键形成三维网络超分子结构,而配合物2中只存在分子内氢键.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Luminescent Property of a New Cd(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymer with Four-fold Interpenetrated dia Topology

A new Cd(ΙΙ) coordination polymer with 2-nitroterephthalic acid(H2npa) and 1,4-bis(2-methyl-imidazol-1-yl) butane(bib) has been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR and EA. Complex [Cd(npa)(bib)]n(1) is of orthorhombic system, space group Pcca with a = 16.1750(5), b = 9.8764(5), c = 15.5890(3) A, V =2490.4(2) A3, Z = 4, Mr = 539.82, Dc = 1.440 g/cm3, F(000) = 1088, μ = 0.918 mm-1, the final R =0.0320 and w R = 0.0775 for 2253 reflections with I 2σ(I). X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that complex 1 displays a four-fold interpenetrated dia topology. Furthermore, the luminescent property for complex 1 is also investigated in solid state at room temperature.     

基于常温无外压的转移印刷技术构筑半球状多级Ag基底

基于自组装技术制备了3种不同粒径的聚苯乙烯微球阵列,并翻制了与微球阵列互补的软模板.基于室温无外压的转移印刷技术制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯半球形微纳阵列,然后基于原位光还原技术在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯半球表面制备Ag纳米颗粒,构筑了拉曼增强的半球状多级Ag基底.转移印刷技术的关键是利用软模板自身的低表面能和表面羟基化的图案化材料与亲水基底界面间的氢键作用力.     

模糊集合的OP-极限

研究了支撑集为群的模糊集合在反复“自乘”下的极限的存在性和形态问题.给出了模糊集合的OP-极限概念.利用贝壳对和大(小)-瓣,给出了OP-极限存在的充分条件.讨论了一些特殊群上模糊集合的OP-极限,这些OP-极限都具有较好的平层形态.