Structural Evolution of D5h（1）-C90 under High Pressure:A Mediate Allotrope of Nanocarbon from Zero-Dimensional Fullerene to One-Dimensional Nanotube

The hybridization of fullerene and nanotube structures in newly isolated C₉₀ with the D_{5 h} symmetric group(D_{5 h}（1）-C₉₀) provides an ideal model as a mediating allotrope of nanocarbon from zero-dimensional（OD） fullerene to one-dimensional nanotube.Raman and infrared spectroscopy combined with classical molecular dynamics simulation were used to investigate the structural evolution of D_{5 h}（1）-C₉₀ at ambient and high pressure up to35...     

High pressure structural phase transitions of TiO_2 nanomaterials

Recently, the high pressure study on the TiO_2 nanomaterials has attracted considerable attention due to the typical crystal structure and the fascinating properties of TiO_2 with nanoscale sizes. In this paper, we briefly review the recent progress in the high pressure phase transitions of TiO_2 nanomaterials. We discuss the size effects and morphology effects on the high pressure phase transitions of TiO_2 nanomaterials with different particle sizes, morphologies, and microstructures. Several typical pressure-induced structural phase transitions in TiO_2 nanomaterials are presented, including size-dependent phase transition selectivity in nanoparticles, morphology-tuned phase transition in nanowires, nanosheets,and nanoporous materials, and pressure-induced amorphization(PIA) and polyamorphism in ultrafine nanoparticles and TiO_2-B nanoribbons. Various TiO_2 nanostructural materials with high pressure structures are prepared successfully by high pressure treatment of the corresponding crystal nanomaterials, such as amorphous TiO_2 nanoribbons, α-PbO_2-type TiO_2 nanowires, nanosheets, and nanoporous materials. These studies suggest that the high pressure phase transitions of TiO_2 nanomaterials depend on the nanosize, morphology, interface energy, and microstructure. The diversity of high pressure behaviors of TiO_2 nanomaterials provides a new insight into the properties of nanomaterials, and paves a way for preparing new nanomaterials with novel high pressure structures and properties for various applications.     

纳米TiO_2薄膜的带宽研究(英文)

利用磁控溅射方法制备了纳米TiO2 薄膜,通过Raman光谱和UV Vis光谱讨论了TiO2 薄膜的带宽随着厚度变化的规律。随着薄膜厚度的增加,TiO2 薄膜的带宽变窄,这是由于纳米薄膜的纳米效应所致     

高压导致纳米TiO2形变的电子显微研究

α-PbO₂相TiO₂高压相具有适宜的带隙能和可见光范围的光催化能力,是一种适用于可见光、高效且环保的光催化材料.本文使用金刚石对顶压砧对锐钛矿纳米球进行加压-卸压处理得到了α-PbO₂相TiO₂高压相.利用透射电子显微镜对比初始样品和卸压样品,观察结果表明晶粒发生了明显形变,高分辨图显示其晶粒中存在大量[100]方向层错和形变孪晶,其中亚微米级晶粒中形成了透镜形片层结构的形变孪晶带;纳米级晶粒中形成了扇形多重形变孪晶.研究表明高压下锐钛矿TiO₂可以发生明显的形变,其形变的微观机制与金属类似,主要为形变孪晶和层错滑移,形变孪晶的形成存在明显的尺寸效应.这些结果为TiO₂高压相变的尺寸效应研究提供了一个新的切入点,同时还为制备孪晶α-PbO₂相TiO₂高压相提供了方法.     

Study of high pressure structural stability of CeO2 nanoparticles

In situ high pressure XRD diffraction and Raman spectroscopy have been performed on 12 nm CeO₂ nanoparticles. Surprisingly, under quasihydrostatic conditions, 12 nm CeO₂ nanoparticles maintain the fluorite-type structure in the whole pressure range (0-51 GPa) during the experiments, much more stable than the bulk counterpart (P_T～31 GPa). In contrast, they experienced phase transition at pressure as low as 26 GPa under non-hydrostatic conditions (adopting CsCl as pressure medium). Additionally, 32-36 nm CeO₂ nanoparticles exhibit an onset pressure of phase transition at 35 GPa under quasihydrostatic conditions, and this onset pressure is much lower than our result. Further analysis shows both the experimental condition (i.e., quasihydrostatic or non-hydrostatic) and grain size effect have a significant impact on the high pressure behaviors of CeO₂ nanomaterials.     

Field Emission Characteristics of BN Films Treated with H2 and O2 Plasma

BN films were synthesized on the (100)-oriented surface of n-Si (0.008-0.02Ωm) by rf magnetron sputtering physical vapor deposition (PVD). A BN film was first treated with H2 plasma for 60 rain and then the H2 treated sample was treated with O2 plasma for 15rain. The films were characterizes by using Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The field emission characteristics of BN films were measured in an ultrahigh vacuum system. A turn-on electric field of 8 V/μm and a current of 400μA/cm^2 were obtained for the BN film treated with H2 plasma. The results show that the surface plasma treatment makes no apparent influence on the surface morphology of the BN films. The transformations of the sample emission characteristics have to do with the surface negative electron affinity (NEA) of the films possibly. The turn-on electric field of the BN film treated with H2 plasma is lower than that without treatment, which possibly attributes to the surface NEA effect. The surface NEA of the H2 treated BN film is lost after O2 plasma treatment.     

Characteristics of grain growth of microarc oxidation coatings on pure titanium

Grainy titania coatings are prepared by microarc oxidation on pure titanium （TA2） substrates in a Na2SiO3NaF electrolytic solution. The coating thickness is measured by an optical microscope with a CCD camera. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） and x-ray diffraction （XRD） are employed to characterize the microstructure and phase composition of coatings. The results show that the coating thickness increases linearly as the treatment time increases. The coatings are mainly composed of anatase and rutile （TiO2）. With the increase of treatment time, the predominant phase composition varies from anatase to rutile, which indicates that phase transformation of anatase into rutile occurs in the oxidizing process. Meanwhile, the size of grains existing on the coating surface increases and thus the surface becomes much coarser.     

CeO_2纳米八面体高压结构相变的Raman研究(英文)

利用高压原位拉曼光谱技术研究了非静水条件对CeO2纳米八面体高压结构相变的重压影响。研究表明:在非静水条件下(无传压介质),当压力达到26 GPa时,CeO2纳米八面体发生由立方萤石型结构到正交α-PbCl2型结构的可逆结构相变,相变压力低于相应的体材料(30 GPa)。相反,在准静水压条件下,CeO2纳米八面体的相变压力为33 GPa,高于其体材料。研究表明,实验条件对CeO2纳米八面体结构稳定性具有重要影响。     

单壁碳纳米管的高压拉曼研究

采用金刚石对顶砧装置对直径分布在1.3 nm左右的单壁碳纳米管进行了高压拉曼光谱研究.实验结果表明随压力的增加碳管的截面形状发生了由圆到椭圆再到扁平的变化,这和我们之前的研究结果一致.从31 GPa卸压至常压后碳管的结构得到了较好的保持,这个压力值明显高于传统的Sp2键结构的碳材料所能稳定存在的压力范围(20 GPa以...