全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3637篇 |
免费 | 568篇 |
国内免费 | 1027篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2931篇 |
晶体学 | 119篇 |
力学 | 193篇 |
综合类 | 66篇 |
数学 | 406篇 |
物理学 | 1517篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 27篇 |
2022年 | 93篇 |
2021年 | 133篇 |
2020年 | 113篇 |
2019年 | 105篇 |
2018年 | 100篇 |
2017年 | 153篇 |
2016年 | 131篇 |
2015年 | 165篇 |
2014年 | 223篇 |
2013年 | 316篇 |
2012年 | 322篇 |
2011年 | 311篇 |
2010年 | 307篇 |
2009年 | 266篇 |
2008年 | 342篇 |
2007年 | 334篇 |
2006年 | 276篇 |
2005年 | 258篇 |
2004年 | 199篇 |
2003年 | 158篇 |
2002年 | 144篇 |
2001年 | 121篇 |
2000年 | 115篇 |
1999年 | 85篇 |
1998年 | 51篇 |
1997年 | 36篇 |
1996年 | 40篇 |
1995年 | 27篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 40篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有5232条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
Elsye Agustina Jeungchoon Goak Suntae Lee Youngho Seo Jun-Young Park Naesung Lee 《ChemistryOpen》2015,4(5):613-619
Iron catalysts have been used widely for the mass production of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with high yield. In this study, UV/visible spectroscopy was used to determine the Fe catalyst content in CNTs using a colorimetric technique. Fe ions in solution form red–orange complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline, producing an absorption peak at λ=510 nm, the intensity of which is proportional to the solution Fe concentration. A series of standard Fe solutions were formulated to establish the relationship between optical absorbance and Fe concentration. Many Fe catalysts were microscopically observed to be encased by graphitic layers, thus preventing their extraction. Fe catalyst dissolution from CNTs was investigated with various single and mixed acids, and Fe concentration was found to be highest with CNTs being held at reflux in HClO4/HNO3 and H2SO4/HNO3 mixtures. This novel colorimetric method to measure Fe concentrations by UV/Vis spectroscopy was validated by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, indicating its reliability and applicability to asses Fe content in CNTs. 相似文献
3.
ZHAO Shan-Rong CHEN Kai-Xian JIANG Hua-Liang WANG Qin-Mi JI Ru-YunShanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China 《中国化学》1997,15(1):84-89
We have used quantum mechanical method to study the transition states(TSs) of uridine phosphorolysis reaction. Comparing the four different reaction pathways and the five transition states obtained, we conclude that enzymatic uridine phosphorolysis takes place mainly according to acid-catalyzed SN2 mechanism. The proposed reaction pathway is consistent with many experimental results. 相似文献
4.
5.
瞄准线高精度稳定是机载光电稳瞄系统的主要指标和关键技术。根据四框架稳瞄系统的工作原理,以手动跟踪模式为主要研究对象,建立了稳瞄伺服控制系统模型。考虑到直升机扰动特点,对线扰动、角速率扰动、摩擦力矩、弹性力矩等各种扰动因素也建立相应的数学模型,同时在各种扰动因素作用下利用Matlab对机载高精度稳瞄系统的手动跟踪控制模式进行了仿真设计分析和理论研究,设计出适合的控制器。此模型在实际系统中获得验证,对稳瞄伺服控制系统的设计具有参考意义。 相似文献
6.
JI Li-Na QU Chang-Zheng 《理论物理通讯》2006,46(10)
The present paper discusses a class of nonlinear diffusion-convection equations with source. The method that we use is the conditional symmetry method. It is shown that the equation admits certain conditional symmetries for coefficient functions of the equations. As a consequence, solutions to the resulting equations are obtained. 相似文献
7.
8.
Miles研究小组受Ormia ochrace寄生蝇声定位机理的启发,通过集成信号的衍射光栅读取技术,从原理上、方法上对现有硅微传声器进行了极大的拓展,赋予了硅微传声器极强的指向性,其指向性基本达到了理想的压差传声器的8字型,可有效抑制干扰和噪声,并克服了现有硅微传声器的如寄生电容、蚀刻粘连等诸多局限性。这一发展必将给硅微传声器带来更广泛的应角范围。 相似文献
9.
Do W. Lee Eun Y. Seo Sung I. Cho Chae S. Yi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(11):2747-2755
Pyridine‐2‐carboximidates [methyl ( 1a ), ethyl ( 1b ), isopropyl ( 1c ), cyclopentyl ( 1d ), cyclohexyl ( 1e ), n‐octyl ( 1f ), and benzyl ( 1g )] were prepared from the reaction of 2‐cyanopyridine with the corresponding alcohols. Cyclopentyl‐substituted 1d was found to be a highly effective ligand for copper‐catalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA). For example, the observed rate constant for a CuBr/ 1d catalytic system was found to be nearly twice as high as the cyclohexyl‐substituted CuBr/ 1e catalytic system [kobs = (1.19 vs 0.56) × 10?4 s?1). The effects of the solvents, temperature, catalyst/initiator, and solvent/monomer ratio on the ATRP of MMA were studied systematically for the CuBr/ 1d catalytic system. The optimum condition for the ATRP of MMA was found to be a 1:2:1:400 [CuBr]o/[ 1d ]o/[ethyl 2‐bromoisobutyrate]o/[MMA]o ratio at 60 °C in veratrole solution, which yielded well‐defined poly(MMA) with a narrow molecular weight distribution of 1.14. The catalytically active copper complex 2d was isolated from the reaction of CuBr with 1d . Narrow molecular weight distributions as low as 1.06 were achieved for the CuBr/ 1d catalytic system by employing 10% of the deactivator CuBr2. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 2747–2755, 2004 相似文献
10.
Yusong Wu Toshihiro Seo Shiro Maeda Takashi Sasaki Satoshi Irie Kensuke Sakurai 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(22):4107-4115
Two benzoyl substituted chitosan derivatives, 3,6‐O‐dibenzoylchitosan (DBC) and 2‐N‐3,6‐O‐tribenzoylchitosan (TBC), were prepared, and their optical activities in organic solvent were investigated by circular dichroism (CD). For TBC, two splitting bands (a negative one at 288 nm and a positive one at 274 nm) corresponding to the 1Lb transition of the benzoyl group were observed in chloroform and dichloromethane, while only a negative CD band was recorded in N, N‐dimethylformamide (DMF). These results indicated that the transition moments of benzoyl groups were orderly arranged along the helical polymer chain when TBC was dissolved in a solvent with low polarity, but the same ordered structure did not appear in a polar solvent of DMF. For DBC, only negative CD signals corresponding to the 1Lb transition of the benzoyl group were observed, regardless of the solvent property, which indicated that the chromophores were not arranged in an ordered fashion with appropriate geometry to interact with one another to induce bi‐signate CD signals. Adding methanol or DMF to the solution of TBC/chloroform resulted in a progressive decrease of the intensity of the positive split band at 274 nm. The intensity of the positive band was weakened upon heating a solution of TBC/chloroform from 20 to 60 °C. The results suggested that the ordered arrangement of the chromophores in the TBC system was dependent on solvent and sensitive to temperature. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 4107–4115, 2004 相似文献