Be(d,n)反应中子源能谱测量及应用

 利用中子飞行时间技术和BC501A液体闪烁探测器的粒子分辨特性,测量了0°方向、20 MeV氘束轰击厚金属铍靶反应产生的中子源能谱,测量的中子能谱范围为0.7～25.0 MeV。在60°方向放置芪晶体闪烁探测器,由刻度好的BC501A液体闪烁探测器归一校正后,用于中子源强度监测。利用Be(d, n) 反应中子源,采用单粒子灵敏度标定方法,实验标定了0.75~15.75 MeV能量范围内的薄膜闪烁探测器中子能量响应曲线,实验结果与蒙特卡罗模拟计算结果在8%的不确定度范围内一致。     

中子引起氘核破裂反应的实验研究

对25 MeV中子引起氘核破裂反应的中子-中子准自由散射和17.36 MeV中子引起氘核破裂反应的中子-中子末态相互作用进行了细致的研究。首先,以小于5%的不确定度,精确测量了25MeV中子-中子准自由散射出射的中子三重微分截面。实验数据用基于现实核子-核子势(CD-Bonn,Argonne!18,Nijm I和II)的理论计算配合Monte-Carlo模拟进行了分析。实验结果比基于CD-Bonn势的理论预言高(16.0±4.6)%,进一步证实了目前的理论在中子-中子准自由散射方面还无法准确描述实验数据。其次,通过运动学非完全测量,精确测量了17.36 MeV中子引起氘核破裂反应在0°角附近出射的质子能谱,用基于现实核子-核子势(CD-Bonn、Bonn-B和Nijm I)的理论计算以及Monte-Carlo模拟分析了所测得的质子能谱,确定了中子-中子散射长度ann=(-16.8±0.6)fm。     

Measurement of the neutron spectrum of a Pu-C source with a liquid scintillator

The neutron response function for a BC501A liquid scintillator （LS） has been measured using a series of monoenergetic neutrons produced by the p-T reaction. The proton energies were chosen such as to produce neutrons in the energy range of 1 to 20 MeV. The principles of the technique of unfolding a neutron energy spectrum by using the measured neutron response function and the measured Pulse Height （PH） spectrum is briefly described. The PH spectrum of neutrons from the Pu-C source, which will be used for the calibration of the reactor antineutrino detectors for the Daya Bay neutrino experiment, was measured and analyzed to get the neutron energy spectrum. Simultaneously the neutron energy spectrum of an Am-Be source was measured and compared with other measurements as a check of the result for the Pu-C source. Finally, an error analysis and a discussion of the results are given.     

Measurement of the response function and the detection effciency of an organic liquid scintillator for neutrons between 1 and 30 MeV

The light output function of a φ50.8 mm×50.8 mm BC501A scintillation detector was measured in the neutron energy region of 1 to 30 MeV by fitting the pulse height （PH） spectra for neutrons with the simulations from the NRESP code at the edge range. Using the new light output function, the neutron detection effciency was determined with two Monte-Carlo codes, NEFF and SCINFUL. The calculated effciency was corrected by comparing the simulated PH spectra with the measured ones. The determined effciency was verified at the near threshold region and normalized with a Proton-Recoil-Telescope （PRT） at the 8-14 MeV energy region.     

Measurements of the light output functions of plastic scintillator using 9Be（d,n）10B reaction neutron source

The light output functions for protons of ST-401 and BC-408 plastic scintillators were measured using white neutron source produced by the 9Be（d,n） 10B reaction at the HI-13 Tandem Accelerator at China Institute of Atomic Energy（CIAE）.The LOFs of plastic scintillators for protons in the energy range of 0.5-16.5 MeV were obtained by the time-of-flight（TOF） technique and an iterative procedure.Two parameters（kB and C） were deduced by fitting the experimental data.     

15N（p,n)15O反应中子源0°角激发函数测量

利用中国原子能科学研究院HI-13串列加速器上的多探测器快中子飞行时间谱仪, 测量了38个不同入射质子能量点下15N（p, n)15O反应0°角方向的激发函数。 测量数据用蒙特卡罗方法进行了模拟, 以进行中子注量衰减和入射窗厚度的不确定度修正。 实验在入射质子能量位于6.029—8.056 MeV之间时发现了3个共振峰, 这一点与DROSG 2000评价数据及PTB数据相符合, 但三家的截面数值存在差异, 对这些差异需要作进一步深入探讨。 The excitation function of 15N（p, n)15O reaction at 0 degree was measured at 38 energy points using the fast neutron Time of Flight (TOF) spectrometer at the HI 13 Tandem Accelerator in the China Institute of Atomic Energy（CIAE）. The measured data were analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation for the corrections of neutron flux attenuation and uncertainty of the thickness of the entrance foil. Three resonance peaks were observed in this experiment in the energy range from 6.029 to 8.056 MeV,which is comparable with the DROSG 2000 evaluated data and the PTB data. However,more experimental studies are needed since the cross sections deviate with each other.     

用直接中子法测量（n, 2n）反应截面的实验方法研究

在中国原子能科学研究院HI-13 串列加速器上的非常规多探测器快中子飞行时间谱仪上,采用直接中子法测量了14.3 MeV 中子与169Tm作用的(n,2n) 反应截面。用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了次级中子的产生,以对实验数据进行中子注量率衰减、多次散射和有限几何修正,同时结合SUNF 方法得到的评价能谱,给出了(n,2n) 反应截面的实验测量结果。测量截面以中子弹性散射微分截面作为标准截面来归一,并用反冲质子望远镜测量n-p 反应的反冲质子,以监视中子注量率。用直接中子法测量得到的结果与评价数据进行了比较,讨论了采用这种方法测量(n,2n) 反应截面的可行性。(n,2n) reaction cross section from 169Tm at 14.3 MeV was measured with the direct emittedneutron coincidence detecting method, using abnormal fast neutron TOF spectrometer on the HI-13 Tandem Accelerator at CIAE. Monte-Carlo method was used to simulate the generation of secondary neutron and correct the experimental data considering neutron flux attenuation, multiple scattering and finite geometry correction. Combining with evaluated spectra given by SUNF program, the experimental measurement results of the (n,2n) reaction cross sections were given. Cross sections of measurements were normalized by using neutron elastic scattering differential cross section as a standard section, and a recoil proton telescope was used to measure recoiling proton from the n-p reaction to monitor neutron flux rate. After comparing the experimental results with evaluated data, the feasibility of the direct emitted-neutron coincidence detecting method is discussed.     

中子与9Be和6,7Li反应的次级中子发射谱实验研究

测量了8.17MeV与10.27MeV中子与⁹Be和^6,7Li作用的次级中子双微分截面. 对于10.27MeV, 为了消除从D(d,np)破裂反应来的源破裂中子对双微分截面测量结果的影响, 采用了常规多探测器快中子飞行时间谱仪和非常规多探测器快中子飞行时间谱仪相结合的办法. 用Monte-Carlo方法对实验测量得到的飞行时间谱进行了详细的模拟, 通过测量谱与模拟谱的比较, 得到了实验测量的次级中子双微分截面. 实验测量结果以n-p(常规谱仪)和n-C(非常规谱仪)弹性散射微分截面作为归一. 测量结果与评价数据以及其他测量数据进行了比较. 用一个基于Hauser-Feshbach和激子模型的轻核核反应理论模型对^6,7Li的次级中子双微分截面进行了计算, 理论计算结果与实验结果符合得较好.     

锦屏深地核天体物理实验(JUNA)地面实验进展

锦屏深地核天体物理(JUNA)实验项目将利用中国锦屏深地实验室(CJPL)的良好条件,在天体物理伽莫夫能量窗口开展核天体关键反应$^{25}{\rm{Mg}}({\rm{p}},{\rm{\gamma}})^{26}{\rm{Al}}$、$^{19}{\rm{F}}({\rm{p}},\alpha)^{16}{\rm{O}}$、$^{13}{\rm{C}}(\alpha, {\rm{n}})^{16}{\rm{O}}$和$^{12}{\rm{C}}(\alpha,{\rm{\gamma}})^{16}{\rm{O}}$的直接测量,为理解恒星演化和元素起源提供新的数据。目前,已经在地面上对加速器装置、束流稳定性、靶、探测器以及电子学进行了系统的测试。地面实验内容包括高纯锗探测器效率刻度,$^{25}{\rm{Mg}}({\rm{p}}, {\rm{\gamma}})^{26}{\rm{Al}}$在304 keV的共振强度测量,$^{19}{\rm{F}}({\rm{p}}, \alpha)^{16}{\rm{O}}$的截面测量,聚乙烯作为慢化体的中子探测器的设计、加工和效率刻度,靶的设计和稳定性检测等。JUNA项目整体进展顺利,地面实验已取得一系列关键进展和初步成果。在不远的将来,JUNA项目将有序开展地下实验,完成设定目标,也将促进更广泛的国际合作,助力于天体演化中的若干重大科学问题的解决。     

中子引起氘核破裂反应的实验研究

对25 MeV中子引起氘核破裂反应的中子-中子准自由散射和17.36 MeV中子引起氘核破裂反应的中子-中子末态相互作用进行了细致的研究。首先,以小于5%的不确定度,精确测量了25MeV中子-中子准自由散射出射的中子三重微分截面。实验数据用基于现实核子-核子势（CD-Bonn,Argonne!18,Nijm I和II）的理论计算配合Monte-Carlo模拟进行了分析。实验结果比基于CD-Bonn势的理论预言高（16.0±4.6）%,进一步证实了目前的理论在中子-中子准自由散射方面还无法准确描述实验数据。其次,通过运动学非完全测量,精确测量了17.36 MeV中子引起氘核破裂反应在0°角附近出射的质子能谱,用基于现实核子-核子势（CD-Bonn、Bonn-B和Nijm I）的理论计算以及Monte-Carlo模拟分析了所测得的质子能谱,确定了中子-中子散射长度ann=（-16.8±0.6）fm。