phyphox软件介绍及其在物理教学中的应用

全面介绍了基于手机传感器应用的phyphox软件的功能,并对于每种传感器均给出了相应实例来说明并启发其在物理教学中的应用.文章最后尝试总结了phyphox软件的优缺点,并对phyphox在物理教学中的应用前景作了展望和思考,期望对广大物理教师和物理教育研究者提供有益参考.     

线性代数习题课需要解决的几个问题

总结了线性代数习题课,在教学内容之外需要解决的几种充要条件和几种必须搞清的关系.目的是使习题课的教学能够做到有的放矢,继而增强学生举反例的能力,并有利于学生创造性学习能力的培养.     

纤连蛋白在石墨烯修饰二氧化钛表面吸附的计算机模拟

采用全原子分子动力学模拟方法研究了纤连蛋白(FN)在金红石表面、23%石墨烯覆盖率的金红石表面、92%石墨烯覆盖率的金红石表面、石墨表面的吸附行为.模拟结果表明:FN在金红石表面吸附不稳定.通过石墨烯修饰二氧化钛表面可降低金红石表面的亲水性;当表面含有石墨烯层时,FN都将稳定地吸附在表面上.在23%石墨烯覆盖率的金红石表面上,FN的特异性识别位点朝向溶液而有利于整合素识别.DSSP分析结果显示在40 ns的分子动力学模拟过程中,FN的七个β-折叠结构在所有体系中均没有发生太大变化.由于有石墨烯层存在,表面附近水分子层密度减小.FN的表面吸附能随着表面石墨烯覆盖率的增加而增大.石墨烯修饰能加强二氧化钛表面对蛋白质的吸附.本工作可以为移植体修饰生物材料设计与开发提供参考.     

Bursting oscillations in a hydro-turbine governing system with two time scales

A fast-slow coupled model of the hydro-turbine governing system(HTGS)is established by introducing frequency disturbance in this paper.Based on the proposed model,the performances of two time scales for bursting oscillations in the HTGS are investigated and the effect of periodic excitation of frequency disturbance is analyzed by using the bifurcation diagrams,time waveforms and phase portraits.We find that stability and operational characteristics of the HTGS change with the value of system parameter k_d.Furthermore,the comparative analyses for the effect of the bursting oscillations on the system with different amplitudes of the periodic excitation a are carried out.Meanwhile,we obtain that the relative deviation of the mechanical torque mt rises with the increase of a.These methods and results of the study,combined with the performance of two time scales and the fast-slow coupled engineering model,provide some theoretical bases for investigating interesting physical phenomena of the engineering system.     

具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya相互作用的XY模型的量子相干性

研究了具有Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM)相互作用的一维横场XY自旋链的量子相变和量子相干性.采用约旦-维格纳变换严格求解了哈密顿量,并描绘了体系的关联函数和相图,相图包含反铁磁相、顺磁相和螺旋相.利用相对熵和Jensen-Shannon熵讨论了XY模型的量子相干性.研究发现,相对熵与Jensen-Shannon熵所表现的行为都可以很好地表征该模型的量子相变.非螺旋相中量子相干性不依赖DM相互作用,而在螺旋相DM相互作用对量子相干性有显著影响.此外,指出了在带有DM相互作用的这一类反射对称破缺体系中关联函数计算的常见问题.     

自然语言处理领域中的自动问答研究进展

分别从数据来源、问答范围、会话管理方式等三个方面介绍了自动问答的发展现状,并着重阐述了基于深度学习的自动问答的研究进展,分析并总结了自动问答领域近年的研究成果,指出了自动问答未来所面临的问题。     

Modulation of brain functional connectivity with manual acupuncture in healthy subjects: An electroencephalograph case studying

Manual acupuncture is widely used for pain treatment and stress control. Previous studies on acupuncture have shown its modulatory effects on functional connectivity associated with one or a few preselected brain regions. To investigate how manual acupuncture modulates the organization of functional networks at a whole-brain level, we acupuncture at ST36 of right leg to obtain electroencephalograph (EEG) signals. By coherence estimation, we determine the synchronizations between all pairwise combinations of EEG channels in three acupuncture states. The resulting synchronization matrices are converted into functional networks by applying a threshold, and clustering coefficients and path lengths are computed as a function of threshold. The results show that acupuncture can increase functional connections and synchronizations between different brain areas. For a wide range of threshold, the clustering coefficient during acupuncture and post-acupuncture period is higher than that during the pre-acupuncture control period, whereas characteristic path length is shorter. We provide further support for the presence of "small-world" network characteristics in functional networks by acupuncture. These preliminary results highlight the beneficial modulations of functional connectivity by manual acupuncture, which could contribute to the understanding of acupuncture effects on the entire brain, as well as the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying acupuncture. Moreover, the proposed method may be a useful approach to the further investigation of the complexity of patterns of interrelations between EEG channels.     

松香树脂酸异构化反应研究

以松香为原料、盐酸为催化剂、95%乙醇为重结晶溶剂进行超声波强化松香树脂酸异构化反应研究.通过正交优化实验考察了反应温度、反应时间、超声波频率、搅拌转速、盐酸用量对枞酸单离收率和纯度的影响,确定最佳异构化反应条件为: 超声频率47.2 kHz,反应温度55℃,盐酸用量0.06 mL盐酸·(g松香)-1 ,反应时间40 min,搅拌转速300 r·min-1,枞酸单离收率为31.76%,纯度为97.32%.采用气相色谱仪和圆盘旋光仪对枞酸产品进行了分析鉴定,实验值与文献值吻合.     

流体饱和多孔介质中热发展强迫对流的熵产分析

利用Darcy流动模型,同时考虑粘性耗散效应,分析研究了以两等温平板为边界的多孔介质中,热发展强迫对流的熵产.参数研究表明,组参数和Péclet数减小,而Brinkman数增大时,熵产增大.形象化的热线表示方法着重应用于Br＜0的情况,在这种情况下,在顺流的某些位置上,存在热传递方向的改变,即从原来的壁面向外传热变为向壁面传热.     

髋臼四方区解剖型自锁定钢板的数字技术设计

为探讨使用数字技术设计新型髋臼四方区自锁定解剖型钢板, 采集宁波市第六医院影像科2020年1月至2020年12月, 25~50岁正常男女骨盆CT数据, 选择中位数的骨盆CT作为模型. 将CT数据依次导入Mimics 21.0软件和Unigraphics NX软件, 生成三维骨盆模型. 用CAD软件画出钢板螺钉dwg格式二维图像后导入Unigraphics NX软件, 建立stl格式钢板螺钉三维模型, 设计钢板厚2.0~3.0mm, 实心皮质骨螺钉Ф3.5/5.5mm. 在三维空间视图中, 将钢板螺钉装配到骨盆模型, 重点观察三维透视图、钉道纵轴切面图、螺钉与钢板的锁定角度, 校对功能固定区、定位孔、阻挡孔、固定孔、应力桥、滑动槽等指标, 优化钢板形态和螺钉钉道, 一块钢板同时固定髋臼四方区、臼顶负重区、前后柱、前后壁. stl格式数据输出至打印机, 3D打印钢板, 装配到骨盆模型, 校对钢板与骨盆的匹配度, 确定最优化的图像数据. 根据患者骨盆CT导出的数据, 用Unigraphics NX软件建立三维骨盆模型, 可灵活设计钢板螺钉, 精度达到0.2mm, 即刻修改钢板螺钉形态数据, 虚拟内固定. 数字技术设计不再需要手工标本测量和CT图像测量, 可提高新型内固定装置的设计效率, 为个性化骨科内植物设计、精准固定手术提供了新路径.