基于泰勒级数及温度因子的卡尔曼滤波模型在链子崖危岩体变形预测中的应用

考虑到链子崖危岩体的变形受温度的影响较为明显,为此,将链子崖危岩体的变形看作时间和温度的函数,利用泰勒级数建立链子崖危岩体的变形与时间和温度的函数关系,并将泰勒级数的余项及时间变化的二次方和温度变化的二次方的系数的变化量看作数学期望为0的动态噪声,建立卡尔曼滤波模型,并用于链子崖危岩体变形的预测预报.实例计算表明,模型的拟合效果和预测效果较好.     

The structure and the potential energy function of AlSO(C_S,X~2A″)

By using the B3P86/aug-cc-pvtz method,the accurate equilibrium geometry of the AlSO(CS,X2A″) molecule has been calculated and compared with available theoretical values.The obtained results show that the AlSO molecule has a most stable structure with bond lengths of R OAl = 0.1864 nm,R OS = 0.1623 nm,R AlS = 0.2450 nm,together with a dissociation energy of 13.88 eV.The possible electronic states and their reasonable dissociation limits for the ground state of the AlSO molecule were determined based on the principle of atomic and molecular reaction statics.The analytic potential energy function of the AlSO molecule was derived by the many-body expansion theory and the contour lines were constructed for the first time,which show the internal information of the AlSO molecule,including the equilibrium structure and stable point.The analysis demonstrates that the obtained potential energy function of AlSO is reasonable and successful and the present investigations provide important insights for further study on molecular reaction dynamics.     

“神龙一号”轫致辐射靶设计

利用数值模拟方法,设计了"神龙一号"直线感应加速器的轫致辐射靶的靶材及结构。实验测量了钽叠靶所产生的X光照射量和X光焦斑,得到转换靶正前方1m处的X光照射量在0.103C/kg以上,产生的X光焦斑小于1.5mm,满足"神龙一号"轫致辐射靶的设计要求。     

神龙二号热阴极注入器束流调试

神龙二号注入器是一台感应叠加型强流脉冲电子束源,采用热阴极工作模式,为神龙二号加速器提供间隔可调的三脉冲电子束。该注入器的束流调试采取PIC模拟和实验调试交互验证、互相促进的方式,先是通过束斑测量确定引导线圈磁场的加载范围,然后通过PIC方法逐级梳理阳极段束线各线圈的磁场配置,再通过束斑测量加以确认。通过这种束流调试方法,获得了保持束流脉冲平顶完整通过的三种磁场配置,以适应下游加速段束流传输的不同要求。讨论了影响束流调试效果的因素,认为提升神龙二号注入器性能的关键是进一步改进大面积热阴极发射的均匀性。     

无源RC积分器在多脉冲信号测量中的问题分析

由微分测量探头和积分器构成的微分积分测量系统广泛应用于脉冲电压和电流测量。依据无源RC积分器的等效电路,分析了在多脉冲信号测量中,无源RC积分器在实现微分信号的积分还原时,可以引起信号的平顶降和信号基线偏离,给出了平顶降和基线偏离与信号脉冲宽度和积分常数的定量关系,计算了在不同积分器参数和脉冲信号参数时的平顶降和基线偏离结果,并且与PSpice电路模拟结果进行了比较,两种结果一致。按照此定量关系,可以根据脉冲信号特点和测量要求,准确确定积分器参数。     

纳米铜薄膜氧化反应动力学规律研究

研究了140 ℃下纳米尺度Cu薄膜的氧化行为. 采用真空蒸发法以不同沉积速率制备一系列Cu薄膜, 利用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察其微观形貌, 选取形貌良好的Cu薄膜样品. 采用方块电阻和透射光谱两种方法为表征手段, 测量16～22 nm范围内不同厚度Cu薄膜在140 ℃下完全氧化所需要的时间, 得到了Cu薄膜氧化反应的动力学曲线, 并利用X射线衍射(XRD)分析了氧化产物的晶相结构和成分. 结果表明, 纳米尺度下Cu薄膜在140 ℃下氧化反应的动力学表征结果满足特殊的反对数生长规律, 反应产物为Cu₂O.     

电磁干扰下时间分辨测量系统信号外触发技术

在实验的基础上给出了束参数时间分辨测量系统的实验布局和特点,分析高压电磁干扰对直线感应加速器中时间分辨测量系统外触发性能的影响和变化规律;进一步探讨系统高压电磁干扰后的抑制措施。针对电磁空间干扰情况,主要通过采用光纤传输控制信号的措施,能很好地传输窄脉冲,信号延时抖动小于2ns,达到了高速信号的可靠传输要求,采用嵌入式控制器既解决了抗电磁干扰的要求,也满足了束参数时间分辨测量系统的使用要求。     

Instantaneous electron beam emittance measurement system based on the optical transition radiation principle

One kind of instantaneous electron beam emittance measurement system based on the optical transition radiation principle and double imaging optical method has been set up. It is mainly adopted in the test for the intense electron-beam produced by a linear induction accelerator. The system features two characteristics. The first one concerns the system synchronization signal triggered by the following edge of the main output waveform from a Blumlein switch. The synchronous precision of about 1 ns between the electron beam and the image capture time can be reached in this way so that the electron beam emittance at the desired time point can be obtained. The other advantage of the system is the ability to obtain the beam spot and beam divergence in one measurement so that the calculated result is the true beam emittance at that time, which can explain the electron beam condition. It provides to be a powerful beam diagnostic method for a 2.5 kA, 18.5 MeV, 90 ns (FWHM) electron beam pulse produced by Dragon I. The ability of the instantaneous measurement is about 3 ns and it can measure the beam emittance at any time point during one beam pulse. A series of beam emittances have been obtained for Dragon I. The typical beam spot is 9.0 mm (FWHM) in diameter and the corresponding beam divergence is about 10.5 mrad.     

能散对直线感应加速器焦斑分布的影响北大核心CSCD

介绍了均方根(RMS)、半高全宽(FWHM)和50%调制传递函数(MTF)等效均匀分布等焦斑尺寸评价方法。针对一台直线感应加速器,通过建立理论模型和开展逐束片PIC模拟研究了长脉冲(约100 ns)电子束的聚焦过程,分析了能量、流强与平顶区差异较大的脉冲上升/下降沿对FWHM和MTF焦斑尺寸的影响。研究结果表明:能散度较大的束流上升/下降沿会导致束流焦斑,尤其是MTF焦斑显著增长,在模拟结果中FWHM尺寸增长约9%,而MTF尺寸增长达到约24%,是目前导致束流底宽偏大的主要因素之一。     

“神龙一号”注入器研制

“神龙一号”注入器是直线感应加速器的束流源，它采用了感应叠加的高压加载方式，包括脉冲功率系统、感应腔、阴阳极杆、绝缘支撑、二极管和束流传输系统等子系统. 在研制中采用了径向绝缘支撑、对中支撑调节系统、类Pierce阴极等先进技术，以及二极管线圈内置和外径为800mm的铁氧体大环等创新. 参数测试显示，3.5MeV注入器达到了世界先进水平.