基于光滑粒子流体动力学的滑油泵数值仿真

基于光滑粒子流体动力学方法,构建齿轮泵壳体及内部流体的粒子模型,对内啮合齿轮泵在不同工况下的流量特性进行数值模拟。首先设置了均匀分布的油泵出入口压强,计算得到的流量结果与试验结果吻合,且在中低转速下流量与转速呈线性关系;针对高转速下油泵流量降低的问题,通过适当减小周期模型内部的流体粒子数反映流量降低,获得了与试验值相吻合的连续转速流量的模拟结果;针对影响齿轮泵性能的间隙和空化现象,结合模型特点给出了相应的近似处理方法。通过以上研究,将SPH方法成功地应用于滑油泵问题的分析计算。     

一种基于~4He气闪烁体的裂变中子探测器

研制了一种新中子探测器,它以²³⁵UO₂裂变靶作为转换靶,⁴He气体作为闪烁体.该探测器充分结合了²³⁵U和⁴He两种核素的特点,从而具有中子能量响应平坦、中子灵敏度较高、n/γ分辨本领高等优点,能很好地在混合脉冲裂变辐射场中测量中子.本文对探测器的原理和结构设计进行了介绍,计算了不同能量中子、γ射线在探测器中的能量沉积,并从理论和实验上对探测器的中子灵敏度、γ射线灵敏度、n/γ分辨本领和时间响应进行了研究.结果表明探测器的中子灵敏度约10^-15C·cm²,γ灵敏度约10^-17C·cm²,时间响应约33.1 ns.     

电流型大面积PIN探测器

研制了灵敏区面积为40,50和60mm,耗尽层厚度为200—300μm的电流型大面积薄型PIN半导体探测器,并对其物理性能进行了测量.测试和应用表明,这些探测器性能稳定,漏电流符合使用要求.与市场上的大面积PIN半导体探测器相比,这些探测器主要在几百伏偏压下工作在电流模式,但也可用于计数模式,而目前的商用产品仅适用于计数测量. 关键词： 半导体探测器 大面积 电流型     

组合式Si-PIN 14 MeV中子探测器

提出了一种在多片Si-PIN探测器中间用2mm厚的聚乙烯作为灵敏度增强介质,采用加法电路模式进行信号输出的组合式新型DT聚变中子(14MeV)探测技术原理. 这种组合的主要特点有： 1)大幅度提高了Si-PIN探测器的中子灵敏度和测量统计性; 2)提高了探测器的n/γ分辨本领; 3)在实现多个探测器信号相加的同时,组合探测器相对于单片探测器时间响应没有明显改变. 从实验及理论上对组合探测器的14MeV中子及1.25MeV γ灵敏度、n/γ分辨,时间特性和测量统计性进行了研究. 关键词： Si-PIN半导体探测器 灵敏度 n/γ分辨 时间响应     

基于SPH/FEM方法的浅水冲击喷溅及其抑制结构研究

物体浅水冲击会造成结构响应和自由液面的剧烈喷溅,以往的研究多集中在物体受水的冲击响应方面,而对浅水层受物体冲击引起的剧烈喷溅问题及其喷溅抑制结构的相关研究很少。本文基于SPH/FEM耦合方法对浅水冲击的液体喷溅特性开展研究。首先,计算了刚性长方体结构的冲击喷溅,与文献中准二维溅水试验结果进行了比较,将浅水喷溅分为初始喷溅、二次喷溅和底部射流三部分。分别研究了各部分喷溅的形成机理,指出二次喷溅由结构对水层的挤压和底部射流的能量传递共同引起,并分析了水深对二次喷溅的影响规律。其次,对喷溅抑制结构的机理做了数值研究,发现拱形翻边构型可以抑制初始喷溅,但不能有效降低二次喷溅。最后,提出了一种带凹槽和阻水边条的新型翻边构型,对二次喷溅具有更好的抑制效果。     

AIN纳米微粉的微波合成

Nanometer aluminum nitride powder with purity higher than 98wt% and diameter in the range of 5-80nm has been obtained by microwave heating using α-Al2O3、Al(OH)3、 colloidal Al(OH)3 as the source for aluminum, and phenolformaldehyde resin, char, nanometer carbon black powder as the source for carbon, respectively. The effect of the type of starting materials and synthesis conditions on the purity and the size of the nanometer AlN powder has been analyzed in this paper.     

Self-attenuation corrections calculated by LabSOCS Simulations for gamma-spectrometric measurements with HPGe detectors

Simulations from Laboratory Sourceless Object Counting System (LabSOCS) software were used to determine self-attenuation correction factor, which is defined as the efficiency ratio of the sample with the absorbing medium to that of the sample without absorbing medium. The semi-empirical self-attenuation correction formula F(μ) used to correct self-attenuation of a sample was applied. A comparison of the two methods reveals that formula of sample with φ 75 mm× 25 mm and φ75 mm× 10 mm can be, respectively, used in the self-attenuation correction for μ in the ranges of 0 to 0.5 cm^-1 and 0.5 cm^-1 to 2.0 cm^-1, indicating that the semi-empirical formula will not be used when μ has exceeded the interval. The semi-empirical formula value is consistent with the experimental value, within 7.9% accuracy. Therefore, this method is correct and effective. Both of our two methods can accurately produce a relative self-attenuation correction factor when the composition of the sample is known. The self-attenuation correction of a sample with unknown composition can only be carried out using a semi-empirical formula method.     

自由载流子吸收损耗控制研究

利用数值方法研究了SOI脊形光波导损耗问题,重点讨论了PIN结构对自由载流子损耗控制的影响情况。研究表明SOI脊形波导在引入PIN结构后,偏置电压、入射光强和本征区宽度是影响自由载流子吸收损耗的主要因素,通过调整PIN结所加偏置电压、入射光强和本征区宽度,可以实现对脊形波导自由载流子吸收损耗的控制。计算结果可为硅基光调制器和拉曼激光器的设计制备提供一定的参考依据。     

Experimental study on scintillation efficiency of ZnO:In to proton response

Film ZnO:In crystal is a good candidate for a scintillation recoil proton neutron detection system and the response of ZnO:In to protons is a crucial point. The energy response of ZnO:In to mono-energetic protons in the range of 10 keV-8 MeV was measured. The experiment was carried out in current mode, and Au foil scattering was employed, where the forward scattering protons were used for exciting the sample, and the backward scattering protons were used for monitoring the beam intensity. According to the result, the yield of light non-linearly depends on proton energy, and drops significantly when proton energy is low. The scintillation efficiency as a function of proton energy was obtained, which is very useful for researching the scintillation recoil proton neutron detection system.     

强辐射环境下高能脉冲裂变中子探测方法

在研究通道衰减、探测方法分离和探测器中子/射线本征分辨的基础上,研究了测量高能脉冲裂变中子数目的探测技术。基于电流型Si-PIN探测器,设计了减本底的背靠背探测结构,给出了测量强射线和低能散射中子干扰信号及有效扣除强辐射本底的实现方法,最终实现了高n/n和n/分辨测量和强裂变中子、射线混合场中的高能脉冲裂变中子数目探测,探测系统的信号/辐射本底比可达到10倍以上。