Comparative efficacy of Eucalyptus globulus (Labill) hydrodistilled essential oil and temephos as mosquito larvicide

Abstract

In this study Eucalyptus globulus essential oil was tested on major mosquito species and toxicity was compared with temephos. Mortality was calculated after 24?h and 48?h post treatment. In 24?h treatment essential oil show strong larvicidal activity with LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values were 30.198ppm, 103.389ppm for Anopheles stephensi, 13.578ppm, 106.755ppm for Aedes aegypti; and, 7.469ppm, 32.454ppm for Culex quinquefasciatus and 48?h post treatment LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values were, 12.576, 49.380ppm for Anopheles stephensi, 7.926, 34.470ppm for Aedes aegypti and 4.408, 21.048ppm for Culex quinquefasciatus. Chemical composition of essential oil using GC-MS and FT-IR analysis shows the presence of 1,8-cineol, (71.7%); α-pinene, (9.14%) as a major compounds. Our findings suggest that essential oil from Eucalyptus globulus leaves can be used for control of mosquito larvae.     

Theoretical and experimental studies on optically tunable hydrogen bonded liquid crystal complex derived from mesogenic and non-mesogenic aromatic compound

A novel hydrogen bonded liquid crystal (HBLC) complex is synthesized from non-mesogenic benzylmalonic acid (BMA) and mesogenic 4-nonyloxybenzoic acid (9OBA). Structural properties and optimized vibrational frequencies of BMA + 9OBA have been studied by FT-IR spectrum. The weak intermolecular interaction between the molecules is proved by NBO and Mulliken charge distribution analysis. The optical and thermal properties are investigated by POM, DSC, UV-Visible and PL techniques. The present HBLC complex exhibits schlieren textures of nematic, broken focal conic texture of smectic C and multicolored mosaic texture of smectic G phases respectively which is not observed in the pure mesogen (9OBA). The HBLC complex geometry is optimized by DFT method at the level of B3LYP basis set 6311G (d, p). The electronic properties of HBLC complex such as, NBO, HOMO-LUMO, ESP and Mulliken charge distribution are also studied. A noteworthy observation is brought out by identifying the presence of photoluminescence in nematic phase due to the variation in intermolecular interaction of the mesophase. The utility of the same complex is discussed. The phase width, thermal stability factor, tilt angle, phase transition temperature and its enthalpy values are reported.     

FT-IR surface analysis of poly [(4-hydroxybenzoic)-ran-(2-hydroxy-6-naphthoic acid)] fiber – A short review

Instrumental techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) constitute well-studied methodologies for polymer characterization, including polymeric fibers. However, a relatively short number of scientific publications involve the characterization of commercial Poly [(4-hydroxybenzoic)-ran-(2-hydroxy-6-naphthoic acid)] (Vectran™) fiber and its surface species. The majority of the published infrared studies uses the medium infrared region (MIR) associated to the Attenuated total reflection (ATR) method. In this scenario, this short review addresses the characteristics of Vectran™ fiber, sample depth data of each FT-IR spectrum mode, reflection and photo-acoustic spectroscopy (PAS), including near infrared (NIR) analysis. This paper addresses also researches on the characterization of Vectran™ by several FT-IR analysis conditions aiming to contribute to future studies. This brief review deals with methodologies developed in the last decade and published by several scientific research groups, emphasizing studies conducted in the last five years. A critical assessment and trends are also included.     

SCR脱硝过程中SO2催化氧化的原位红外研究

采用工业用V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂催化剂,基于傅里叶原位红外光谱(FT-IR)技术考察SO₂的氧化过程及烟气组分对SO₂氧化行为的影响;结果表明,SO₂在催化剂表面氧化主要是首先吸附在催化剂表面V₂O₅活性位上,占据其O原子,以SO^2-₃形式存在,后与催化剂表面V⁵⁺-OH发生反应,生成金属硫酸盐(VOSO₄)中间产物,O₂重新氧化催化氧化过程中由于被SO₂夺取O原子而被还原的V₂O₅物种,使V⁴⁺转化为V⁵⁺,促进金属硫酸盐(VOSO₄)向SO₃转化;SO₂与NO、NH₃的竞争吸附阻碍SO₂在V₂O₅活性点位上的氧化;在SCR中,NO的脱除与SO₂的氧化是相互抑制的关系。     

五彩湾煤镜质组与惰质组在热解中的相互作用

以五彩湾煤镜质组、惰质组为研究对象,建立两种不同的体系,镜质组与惰质组无相互作用体系(A)和相互作用体系(B)。利用热重技术(TG)和傅里叶变换红外技术(FT-IR),将两体系的热解固体产物进行红外分析。结果表明,在300~450℃,体系B的脂肪氢含量高于体系A,表明镜质组与惰质组之间发生了烷基自由基转移反应,芳氢的含量也是体系B多于体系A,这说明镜质组与惰质组之间同时发生了芳构化作用,随温度升高,镜质组生成少量氢自由基与惰质组发生侧链取代反应;在500~700℃,体系B的脂肪氢含量和芳氢含量均低于体系A,表明此时镜质组与惰质组之间发生缩聚反应及缩合反应;750~800℃时,脂肪氢和芳香氢含量均为体系B大于体系A,说明体系B中,镜质组产生较多的氢自由基与惰质组大分子芳香结构发生氢化反应,同时与惰质组发生侧链取代反应;850~900℃时,镜质组与惰质组之间进一步发生多环芳香缩合反应。     

东胜长焰煤热解含氧官能团结构演化的13C-NMR和FT-IR分析

以东胜煤田色拉一号井田2号煤层长焰煤为研究对象,利用浮沉离心法富集其镜质组。基于工业分析、元素分析、¹³C-NMR、FT-IR、谱图分峰拟合技术和化学分析测试,求取镜煤及一系列热解煤含氧官能团结构与含量参数,从不同角度研究了含氧官能团的分布规律与演化特点。镜煤中羧基、羰基含量分别为8.91~10.90 mol/kg、1.61~1.79 mol/kg,随热解温度升高羧基显著减少。热解作用促使以端基形式连接在脂肪链或脂肪环结构氧上的甲基和亚甲基首先脱去,且在温度高于350 ℃后基本稳定。氧在热解过程赋存状态的变化是芳香体系与脂肪体系相互竞争的结果,510 ℃热解煤中芳香类氧和脂肪类氧的含量分别为7.49、3.45 mol/kg。羟基的演化过程与热解过程中氧的赋存状态密切相关。随着热解过程的进行,在热解温度低于440 ℃时,各种羟基含量均减少,热解过程对于大分子网络的破坏干扰了各种氢键作用,而羟基π作用则暂时增强,至510 ℃时各种氢键含量均降为最低。东胜长焰煤中含氧官能团化学活性顺序为:[COOH]>[R-O]>[Ar-O-Ar,Ar-O-C,C-O-C]>[C=O]。镜煤非活性醚键含量为0.68 mol/kg,活性醚键为0.48 mol/kg,主要为非活性醚键。     

Qualitative and quantitative ATR-FTIR analysis and its application to coal char of different ranks

This paper analyzes the coal to char stages of char formation of six coals of different ranks by using Fourier transform infrared coupled w ith attenuated total reflectance(ATR-FTIR).The chars w ere obtained by coal pyrolysis carried out at temperature range of 450~700℃.The data obtained show s the pragmatic disappearance of the aliphatic hydrogen content w ith increasing char formation temperature.Numerical evaluation of the spectra enabled the determination of aromaticity,fa.The aromaticity w as found to be betw een 0.66~0.79 for lignite,0.75~0.90 for sub-bituminous,0.84~1.00 for low volatile bituminous,0.83~1.00 for high volatile bituminous,0.94~1.00 for semi-anthracite,and 0.97~1.00 for anthracite respectively.With increasing rank of coal samples,spectra exhibit rising aromaticity and enhanced condensation of aromatic rings,w hereas the aliphatic chain lengths decrease.     

A FT-IR and V-UV Spectroscopic Study of Nickel-Containing Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds, [Ni1−xAlx(OH)2](CO3)x/2.nH2O

Hydrotalcite-like compounds containing Ni(II) and Al(III) cations and with different Ni/Al ratios in the brucite layers have been prepared and studied using FT-IR and V-UV/DR spectroscopies. It has been found that the local environment of the Ni(II) cations is the same in all cases, occupying octahedral holes, but the orientation of the interlayer carbonate anions changes with the Ni/Al ratio.     

Spectral Analysis of Poly(propyleneamine) Dendrimers Peripherally Modified with 1,8-Naphthalimides

Seven newly synthesized poly(propyleneamine) dendrimers, modified with 1,8-naphthalimides, have been investigated by infrared, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The influence of the nature of the substituents at the C-4 position of the naphthalene ring on the spectral properties of the dendrimers is discussed.     

水/Triton X-100/正丁醇/环己烷反相微乳液体系中水结构的FT-IR研究

用FT-IR法研究了水/辛烷基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚（Triton X-100）/正丁醇/环己烷组成的反相微乳液体系水池中存在的束缚、结合和自由3种不同的水的状态.分别考察了水与表面活性剂物质的量之比（Rw）、水油比φ（水与环己烷的质量比）、助剂正丁醇的含量对3种状态水含量的影响.发现在φ=2.8、m正丁醇/mTriton X...