[Cu(β-ala)(phen)(H2 O)]·NO3 ·H2O的合成与晶体结构

在pH为3的醇水混合溶剂中合成了β-丙氨酸、1,10-邻菲咯林、铜的三元配合物,测定了配合物的晶体结构.晶体属单斜晶系,Pī空间群,晶胞参数a=1.0045(2) nm, b=1.2132(2) nm, c=0.71682(14) nm, α= 93.88(3)°, β= 94.31(3)°, γ= 99.81(3)°, V=0.8555(3) nm3, Z=2, Dc=1.669 Mg·m-3, μ=1.326 mm-1, F(000)=442, R=0.0457, Rw=0.1179.配合物中铜离子的配位数为5,分子间通过氢键构成三维网状结构.     

改进蚁群算法优化周期性车辆路径问题

周期性车辆路径问题(PVRP)是标准车辆路径问题(VRP)的扩展,PVRP将配送期由单一配送期延伸到T(T＞1)期,因此,PVRP需要优化每个配送期的顾客组合和配送路径。由于PVRP是一个内嵌VRP的问题,其比标准VRP问题更加复杂,难于求解。本文采用蚁群算法对PVRP进行求解,并提出采用两种改进措施——多维信息素的运用和基于扫描法的局部优化方法来提高算法的性能。最后,通过9个经典PVRP算例对该算法进行了数据实验,结果表明本文提出的改进蚁群算法求解PVRP问题是可行有效的,同时也表明两种改进措施可以显著提高算法的性能。     

Effect of annealing on structural and optical properties of lead tungstate microcrystals

Shuttle-like lead tungstate (PbWO₄) microcrystals are synthesized at room temperature using the precipitation method with the cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. Results from both the X-ray diffraction and the scanning electron microscopy show that the lattice distortions of the PbWO₄ microcrystals are reduced significantly when the annealing temperature is increased to 873 K. The result from the ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy shows that the exciton absorption appears in the sample annealed at 673 K. The self-trapped exciton luminescence due to the Jahn-Teller effect is also observed in the blue band. The interstitial oxygen ions in the WO₄^2- groups are mainly resposible for the enhancement effect of the green luminescence of the annealed samples. The above results are supported by the spectrum analysis of the as-grown and the post-annealed samples using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.     

柔性悬臂梁与钢球碰撞机制模拟与响应分析

采用线性-弹簧阻尼模型模拟钢球与梁之间的碰撞机制,研究了钢球碰撞下柔性悬臂欧拉梁的衰减振动问题;通过分析推导并建立了整个系统的分段非线性动力学方程。数值结果表明:碰撞是一个瞬时的能量传递过程,碰撞前后梁与钢球的速度均会发生突变;柔性梁从碰撞中获得初始能量,在自身阻尼的作用下作衰减振动;改变系统的参数如钢球质量与速度、碰撞位置等均会对梁的衰减振动产生显著的影响。     

邻近爆破对矩形岩柱稳定性影响的突变理论分析

运用突变理论,建立了邻近爆破扰动诱发矩形岩柱失稳的非线性动力学模型,导出了岩柱发生动 力失稳的充分必要条件。根据建立的尖点突变模型,分析了竖向压力、爆破扰动强度及频率对矩形岩柱失稳 机理的影响。结果表明:(1)借助突变理论分析邻近爆破扰动诱发岩柱失稳机理是可行的;(2)邻近爆破扰动 强度越大,岩柱越容易发生失稳破坏;(3)竖向荷载越大,满足岩柱失稳条件所对应的爆破扰动强度越小,岩柱 发生失稳的可能性越大;(4)岩柱发生动力失稳破坏,爆破扰动频率必须满足一定条件。     

马尔康巴拉水电站近场区主要断裂活动性及对工程的影响

马尔康巴拉电站近场区内断层的活动性对工程的设计和坝址的选择极为重要。根据野外调查、ESR测年、断层泥石英形貌、地震活动性等综合分析,认为近场区除松岗断裂以外的其他断层在地表浅部晚更新世以来不具活动性,对工程建设基本不产生影响。松岗断裂中段深部小震频繁,地表未见活动证据,南段错断Ⅱ级阶地,因此中南段属于晚更新世活动断层,北段晚更新世以来不具活动性; 日部断裂与松岗断裂中段一样属于深部黏滑浅部闭锁型断层,这种断层可能会在未来地震中产生较大的地表变形,工程建设应避开此类断裂。活动的松岗断裂中南段的潜在地震危险性评估表明,其可能诱发的地震震级约Ms=6.95。拟选的上坝址由于距松岗断裂的安全距离不够,岩石物理条件较差,下坝址的利用落差较小等综合因素考虑,建议选择中坝址更为合理。     

走滑式断层地震的折迭突变模型

利用过势函数微分形式的途径,计入远场外力功的影响,对走滑式断层地震机制进行分析．研究表明:突变理论中折迭突变模型展示的性状,与走滑式断层地震的主要特征之间一一对应．折迭突变可对包括震前、震后围岩-断层系统稳定性描述在内的断层失稳起、终点位置、断层失稳错距等作出描述．给出3种性状可相互印证的断层失稳围岩弹性能释放量图解．走滑式断层地震强度与围岩压力及围岩断层的刚度比等有关,围岩压力大、刚度比小、主切应力轴与发震断层面夹角大,则地震强度大．     

X射线辐照引起的线粒体D310片段突变的快速检测

采用4 Gy X射线辐照人乳腺癌细胞MCF 7, 分别在照射后0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72和144 h时间点收集细胞, 提取DNA并以聚合酶链式反应进行扩增, 再以BsaXI限制性内切酶对扩增产物进行消化, 消化产物以琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行分离。 结果表明, 4 Gy X射线辐照可引起D310片段突变, 且该突变在经辐照之后144 h检测水平明显超过野生型。 Human breast cancer cell line MCF 7 was irradiated with 4 Gy X ray, collected at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72, 144 h after irradiation, respectively. Whole genome DNA including mtDNA were extracted at each time point, and amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Then the PCR product was subjected to BSAXI digestion, all of digestion product then underwent a brief electrophoresis. Results showed D310 mutation can be induced by 4 Gy X ray irradiation and D310 mutation can overwhelm the normal phenotype 144 h after irradiation.     

β-环糊精对氯诺昔康的包合作用

采用荧光光谱、差热扫描和核磁共振法研究了不同酸度和温度下β-环糊精（β-CD）、羟丙基β-环糊精（HP-β-CD）和磺丁醚β-环糊精（SBE-β-CD）对氯诺昔康（LX）的包合特性。 结果表明,3种环糊精与氯诺昔康均形成1∶1的包合物。 以包合常数作为包合稳定性的量度,包合稳定性为SBE-β-CD＞HP-β-CD＞β-CD。     

Phase evolution of （K,Na）NbO3 powder prepared by high temperature mixing under hydrothermal conditions

（Na, K）NbO3 （KNN） powders were successfully prepared by high temperature mixing method （HTMM） under hydrothermal conditions to study the effect of reaction time on the formation of KNN for three K＋/（K＋ ＋Na＋） ratios of 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and selected area electron diffraction （SAED）, to show the change of phase and morphology of the as-prepared particles with the K＋/（K＋ ＋ Na＋） molar ratio in the solution. Pure Na-rich KNN monoclinic phase and pure K-rich KNN orthorhombic phase could be obtained quickly after mixing the solutions at high temperature when the K＋/（K＋ ＋Na＋） molar ratio was either 0.6 or 0.8. When the K＋/（K＋ ＋Na＋） molar ratio was 0.7, however, the K-rich KNN orthorhombic phase grain formed first, followed by the Na-rich KNN monoclinic phase grain, with the two phases coexisting in the final product.