用格子Boltzmann方法模拟液滴撞击固壁动力学行为

首次用格子Boltzmann方法中的伪势模型对液滴撞击固壁的动力学行为进行了数值模拟.详细研究了液滴在壁面上的流动状态以及各种因素对撞击过程的影响.通过数值模拟得到:壁面的可润湿性越小,液滴越容易发生反弹,液滴的回缩速度越快;液滴的撞击速度越大,所得到的相对直径越大,回缩速度越快;液滴的粘性越小,所得到的相对直径越大;液滴的表面张力越大,液滴越容易发生反弹现象.另外,液滴的最大相对直径与We数满足一定的线性关系,这些结果与前人的理论预测和实验结果完全吻合.     

A high-power subterahertz surface wave oscillator with separated overmoded slow wave structures

A megawatt-level subterahertz surface wave oscillator(SWO) is proposed to obtain high conversion efficiency by using separated overmoded slow wave structures(SWSs). Aiming at the repetitive operation and practical applications, the device driven by electron beam with modest energy and current is theoretically analyzed and verified. Then,the functions of the two SWS sections and the effect of the drift tube are investigated by using a particle-in-cell code to reveal how the proposed device achieves high efficiency. The mode analysis of the beam-wave interaction region in the device is also carried out, and the results indicate that multi-modes participate in the premodulation of the electron beam in the first SWS section, while the TM01 mode surface wave is successfully and dominantly excited and amplified in the second SWS section. Finally, a typical simulation result demonstrates that at a beam energy of 313 ke V, beam current of 1.13 k A, and guiding magnetic field of above 3.5 T, a high-power subterahertz wave is obtained with an output power of about 70 MW at frequency 146.3 GHz, corresponding to the conversion efficiency of 20%. Compared with the results of the previous subterahertz overmoded SWOs with integral SWS and similar beam parameters, the efficiency increases almost 50% in the proposed device.     

铁酸盐MFe2O4的氢气还原热失重分析和氧缺位铁酸盐MFe2O4-δ的制备条件

使用程序升温（２９８－８４３Ｋ）和等温（５２３Ｋ、５７３Ｋ和６２３Ｋ）热失重分析研究了多种方法制备的尖晶石结构铁酸盐ＭＦｅ２Ｏ４（Ｍ＝Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ）的还原行为,讨论了铁酸盐的制备方法、粒径和比表面积对其还原性能的影响。根据程序升温过程中和等温还原下铁酸盐的失重量分别定量地测定了其活化速度和失氧速度,得出了制备氧缺位铁酸盐ＭＦｅ２Ｏ４－δ（０＜δ≤１）的最佳温度和时间。     

基于Hyperion高光谱数据的植被冠层含水量反演

植被冠层含水量广泛应用于农业、生态和水文等研究中。本文基于PROSAIL模型,建立了利用Hyperion高光谱数据定量反演植被冠层含水量的模型。首先,PROSAIL模型模拟植被冠层反射特征表明,970 nm水吸收带右侧曲线(980～1 070 nm)一阶导数D_{980～1 070}与冠层含水量关系密切,决定系数达0.96。基于此,利用Hyperion数据的983, 993, 1 003, 1 013, 1 023, 1 033, 1 043, 1 053, 1 063 nm共9个波段计算D_{980～1 070},并利用所建模型反演植被冠层含水量。最后,利用黑河流域盈科绿洲的实测数据对反演结果进行了验证,其平均相对误差为12.5%,均方根误差在0.1 kg·m-2内,结果表明该模型可靠。该研究可以为大范围获取植被含水量信息提供有效方法。     

二维纳米材料作为润滑油添加剂的研究进展[1]

二维纳米材料因其独特的分子结构和润滑性能而在摩擦学领域得到了广泛的研究。同一层内原子间的高强度和较低的层间剪切强度使其成为一种优异的减摩抗磨添加剂。本文分别从石墨烯类二维纳米材料、过渡金属二硫化物和其它的二维纳米材料三方面综述了二维纳米材料作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能,阐述了二维纳米材料的摩擦机理,并指出二维纳米材料作为高性能润滑材料仍需解决的问题及未来的研究趋势。     

Laser-induced fabrication of highly branched CuS nanocrystals with excellent near-infrared absorption properties

We report on the successful fabrication of highly branched Cu S nanocrystals by laser-induced photochemical reaction.Surprisingly, the single-crystalline nature with preferential alignment of the(107) orientation can be well improved during the moderate growth process. The branch length drastically increases from about 5 nm to 6 μm with an increase of photochemical reaction time(0-40 min). The absorption spectra of as-prepared Cu S nanodendrites show that localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR) peaks can be modulated from about 1037 nm to 1700 nm with an increase of branch length. Our results have a promising potential for photodynamic therapy and biological imaging application.     

Chaos control and reduced-order generalized synchronization for the Chen——Liao system

This paper deals with the problem of chaos control and synchronization of the Chen--Liao system. From rigorous mathematic justification, the chaotic trajectories of the Chen--Liao system are led to a type of points whose four-dimensional coordinates have a particular functional relation among them. Meanwhile, a new synchronization manner, reduced-order generalized synchronization (RGS), is proposed which has the characteristic of having a functional relation between the slave and the partial master systems. It is shown that this new synchronization phenomenon can be realized by a novel technique. Numerical simulations have verified the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

High-power terahertz pulse sensor with overmoded structure

Based on the hot electron effect in a semiconductor, an overmoded resistive sensor for 0.3-0.4 THz band is investi-gated. The distribution of electromagnetic field components, voltage standing wave ratio （VSWR）, and the average electric field in the silicon block are obtained by using the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain （FDTD） method. By adjusting several factors （such as the length, width, height and specific resistance of the silicon block） a novel sensor with optimal structural parameters that can be used as a power measurement device for high power terahertz pulse directly is proposed. The results show that the sensor has a relative sensitivity of about 0.24 kW 1, with a fluctuation of relative sensitivity of no more than ±22%, and the maximum of VSWR is 2.74 for 0.3-0.4 THz band.     

0.14太赫兹同轴表面波振荡器研究

为了提高太赫兹表面波振荡器的输出功率,本文提出了同轴结构的表面波振荡器模型,并且获得了该同轴结构TM01模的色散曲线,采用自行研制的全电磁粒子模拟软件UNIPIC对提出的同轴结构表面波振荡器进行了模拟,结果表明器件的工作频率与圆柱结构时的表面波振荡器相同,在输出端以TEM模式传输太赫兹波,输出功率相比圆柱结构的表面波振荡器输出功率水平提高了67.8%.     

异结构系统混沌同步的新方法

基于Lyapunov稳定性理论, 结合反馈控制和自适应控制方法, 提出了一种异结构混沌系统同步的新方法. 该方法适用范围广, 不仅能为人们提供控制器的一般选取办法，而且对于具体的误差系统还可进一步简化控制器结构, 具有稳健、易于实现等优点. 通过对Lorenz系统与Liu系统、超混沌的R?ssler系统与广义Lorenz系统的同步数值仿真, 证实了该方法的有效性. 关键词： 混沌同步 Lorenz系统 R?ssler系统 Lyapunov函数