基于纳米氢氧化镁稳定的Pickering乳液悬浮聚合制备盔甲结构聚苯乙烯@氢氧化镁复合微球

以苯乙烯为单体、 偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂、 片状纳米氢氧化镁(MH)为Pickering稳定剂, 采用悬浮聚合法制备盔甲结构的聚苯烯@氢氧化镁(PS@MH)复合微球. 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 能谱分析(EDS)、 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、 X射线衍射(XRD)、 热失重分析(TGA)和微型燃烧量热分析(MCC)等对PS@MH复合微球进行表征, 确认了其形貌和结构: 纳米氢氧化镁紧密包覆在聚苯乙烯微球表面, 形成了以纳米氢氧化镁为外层、 聚苯乙烯为内球的盔甲结构复合微球; 同时证明了具有盔甲结构的PS@MH复合微球能降低热释放速率, 抑制聚合物的降解. 该方法操作简单, 成本低廉, 制得的盔甲结构PS@MH复合微球粒径尺寸小、 分布窄, 球形度较高.     

Beam test of a one-dimensional position sensitive chamber on synchrotron radiation

A one-dimensional single-wire chamber was developed to provide high position resolution for powder diffraction experiments with synchrotron radiation. A diffraction test using the sample of SiO₂ has been accomplished at 1W2B laboratory of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Source. The data of the beam test were analyzed and some diffraction angles were obtained. The experimental results were in good agreement with standard data from ICDD powder diffraction file. The precision of diffraction angles was 1% to 4.7%. Most of the relative errors between measured values of diffraction angles and existing data were less than 1%. As for the detector, the best position resolution in the test was 138 μm (σ value) with an X-ray tube. Finally, discussions of the results were given. The major factor that affected the precision of measurement was deviation from the flat structure of the detector. The effect was analyzed and the conclusion was reached that it would be the optimal measurement scheme when the distance between the powder sample and detector was from 400 mm to 600 mm.     

Solution of the effects of twinning in femtosecond X-ray protein nanocrystallography

With the development of the XFEL (X-ray free electron laser), high quality diffraction patterns from nanocrystals have been achieved. The nanocrystals with different sizes and random orientations are injected to the XFEL beams and the diffraction patterns can be obtained by the so-called "diffraction-and-destruction" mode. The recovery of orientations is one of the most critical steps in reconstructing the 3D structure of nanocrystals. There is already an approach to solve the orientation problem by using the automated indexing software in crystallography. However, this method cannot distinguish the twin orientations in the cases of the symmetries of Bravais lattices higher than the point groups. Here we propose a new method to solve this problem. The shape transforms of nanocrystals can be determined from all of the intensities around the diffraction spots, and then Fourier transformation of a single crystal cell is obtained. The actual orientations of the patterns can be solved by comparing the values of the Fourier transformations of the crystal cell on the intersections of all patterns. This so-called "multiple-common-line" method can distinguish the twin orientations in the XFEL diffraction patterns successfully.     

块状标准样品在火花源发射光谱分析中的应用北大核心CSCD

按照《国际通用计量学基本术语》（VIM2）和ISO GUIDE 30：1992《标准物质常用术语和定义》的描述,标准物质（标准样品）是具有一种或多种足够均匀和很好确定了特性值,用以校准测量装置、评价测量方法或给材料赋值的材料或物质。它具备3种特性,即稳定性、均匀性和可溯源性。块状光谱标准样品按其用途可分为系列标准样品、再校准样品、类标准样品和检查样品等4类。     

手性胺盐催化的α,β-不饱和酮的不对称环氧化反应

以手性胺衍生的有机催化剂催化α,β-不饱和酮的不对称环氧化反应, 考察了手性胺的结构、氧化剂的种类和溶剂对反应立体选择性的影响. 结果表明金鸡纳碱衍生9-氨基(9-脱氧)表辛可宁(A6)催化α,β-不饱和酮的不对称环氧化反应时, 其光学产率可达84% ee. 通过共价键负载于β-环糊精的手性胺在查尔酮的不对称环氧化反应中也显示出立体诱导作用.     

流体动力色谱法和障碍色谱法及其应用

介绍了流体动力色谱(HDC)和障碍色谱(SC)及其在生物、化工分离中的研究进展,着重于它们的分离原理、理论发展及二者之间的联系与转化,引用52篇文献.     

青霉素 V钾的二次微分简易示波伏安法测定

利用青霉素 V钾在 pH=7的 KH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲溶液中产生切口的示波特性 , 提出了一种药片中青霉素 V钾的测定方法 - - 二次微分简易示波伏安法 ; 校正曲线的线性范围为 2.0× 10-5～ 2.0× 10-4 mol/L, 检出限为 8× 10-6 mol/L; 对 7.0× 10-5 mol/L青霉素 V钾 8次测定结果的相对标准偏差为 1.6% ; 实验结果表明该法具有分析速度快、仪器装置简单以及药片中的淀粉等物质不干扰测定的优点 .     

与君一席话 胜读廿年书

 戴森(Ｆ.Ｄｙｓｏｎ)17岁进剑桥大学学习数学,29岁成为美国普林斯顿高等研究院物理学教授。杨振宁和李政道后来进入普林斯顿时,戴森还参与过是否聘请他们为教授的决策过程。他在物理学甚至社会科学的一些领域都有深入的研究。重要贡献有电磁场的量子化和固体物理中“自旋波”的提出等等。是现代物理学中一位重要的物理学家。也是一位少见的全才。戴森先生对中国怀有良好的感情,1999年还访问过中国科学院理论物理研究所等地方。另外,他和杨振宁先生私交甚笃。因素以外,名师的指引往往是必不可少的。     

Novel Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2-(4-Methylphenyl)-3-ferrocenyl-4,4-dicyanpyrrolizidine

A novel ferroenyl pyrrolizidine derivative containing cyano groups, 2-(4-methylphenyl)-3-ferrocenyl-4,4-dicyanpyrrolizidine (C26H25FeN3 , Mr=435.34), was synthesized in moderate yields via a facile 1.3-dipolar cycloaddition in refluxing toluene and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a=10.3792(10), b=11.4485(11), c=19.1243(15), β=109.496(4)°, V=2142.2(3)3, Dc=1.350 g/cm3, μ(MoKα)=0.721 mm-1 , Z=4, T=113(2)K, F(000)=912, the final R=0.0586 and wR=0.1664.     

用于CF-LCoS投影偏置LED照明光棒的角度分割原理及其偏振复用系统

研究了LED相对光棒中心位置存在偏置时光棒对LED的角度分割与虚像形成原理,籍此计算了不同偏置以及不同尺寸LED的光棒尺寸,再将计算所得的光棒与前端成像透镜、中间像面偏振复用系统、后端积分透镜及偏振分束器等进行综合优化设计,然后根据所得中间像确定不同情况下的偏振复用系统具体结构,确保LED发散角范围内光能的偏振复用,并实现对滤色片式硅基液晶芯片的均匀照明.最后设计了一款以白光LED为光源的滤色片式硅基液晶芯片微型投影光引擎,在1W LED功耗下实现12.8lm投射亮度(114lm/W),均匀性达93%.对比没有应用偏振光复用的微型投影光引擎,在保证均匀性的前提下,提升了微型投影系统的光效率,丰富了光棒偏振复用的内容.