亚稳Ar(~3P_(0.2))原子与NH_3分子碰撞传能分解动力学研究

本文利用流动余辉技术研究了亚稳态Ar(~3P_(0,2))原子与多原子NH_3分子的碰撞传能过程.实验得到了碰撞解离产物NH分子初生态A~3Ⅱ和C~1Ⅱ的振动和转动分布;首次测得了产物分子N_2(C~3Ⅱ_u)的相对振动布居及其生成速率常数.     

N-甲替甲酰胺-水的氢键团簇的从头计算研究

利用从头计算方法在MP2 / 6 31+G 和MP2 / 6 311++G(d ,p)水平上对N 甲替甲酰胺 (NMF) 水氢键团簇进行了研究 .计算给出了所有中性和离子化NMF H2 O团簇的优化结构、解离通道以及解离能 .对于N 甲替甲酰胺 ,顺式结构比反式结构具有更低的能量 .对于质子化的NMF ,质子倾向于连接在甲替甲酰胺的氧原子上 .计算结果表明 ,NMF的顺式和反式构型都可以与水分子形成线型的氢键结构 .尽管NMF反式结构比顺式结构能量高 ,但由于反式结构能与水分子形成双氢键 ,因此能更稳定的存在 .N 甲替甲酰胺 水团簇电离后 ,无论顺式和反式结构均有质子化产物生成 .     

在吡啶溶液中细菌叶绿素a分子S3-S1转换过程的实时观测

采用飞秒荧光亏蚀技术研究细菌叶绿素a在吡啶溶液中的内转换过程 .我们用 40 0和 80 0nm飞秒光作为泵浦与探测光 .该研究给出了细菌叶绿素a分子的S3 S1转换过程的实时观测 ,同时观测到随后的两个弛豫过程 .细菌叶绿素a在吡啶溶液中的内转换时间为 2 2 6fs .     

CHEMILUMINESCENCE OF BaO UNDER SINGLE-COLLISION CONDITION

The results of Ba N_2O reaction studied in the crossed molecular beam experiment are presented briefly. By optical multichannel analyser observation of chemiluminescence angular distribution of the reaction coupled with the estimation of the radiative lifetime of the emitting states produced from the reaction, and by analysis of the chemiluminescence spectrum with partially well-defined bandheads obtained under the single collision reaction condition as well as by the fact that the chemiluminescence photon yield enhanced by reacting Ba(~3D) with ground state N_2O, the origin of the chemiluminescence is proved to be both the A~1Σ~ and A′~1 to X~1Σ~ emission of BaO. The reaction mechanism for Ba(~3D) N_2O is interpreted reasonably by the suggestion that the formation of ion pair, Ba~ N_2O~- initiates the reaction. According to this model and the phase space statistical approximation, the branching ratios for various electronic states of BaO produced in Ba(~3D) N_2O reaction have been calculated, whic     

智慧·勤奋·谦虚·热诚——访1986年诺贝尔化学奖获得者李远哲教授

1987年2月初的贝克利,桃花已经盛开,气候宜人。承李远哲教授的盛情款待,在他那可以鸟瞰海湾地区的会客室中,和新迁入的与实验室相连的办公室中,多次与我们促膝谈心。从科学家成长的道路到如何结合中国实际促进科学研究和教学建设,广泛交换了看法。     

碱土金属与卤代有机小分子的反应激发函数

反应截面与初始相对平动能的相互关系一反应激发函数,是分子反应动力学研究的一个重要方面,自Bernstein等人＊于1971年对反应K＋Cll3I、KI＋Cll3进行研究后,这方面的实验研究一直较为活跃,也有一些简单模型或统计模型对实验结果进行讨论［’－‘］．到目前为止,这方面的实验研克主要集中于碱金属与卤素分子、卤化氢、卤代有机小分子的反应,碱土金属与卤代有机小分子反应的激发函数研究还未见任何报导,本文在交叉分子束反应条件下,利用激光诱导荧光（LIF）和时间飞渡（TOF）方法测量了下列十四个反应的激发函数：1实验利用超声…     

激光诱导荧光法测量PbS* A(0+)态的振动弛豫速率

The vibrational relaxation rates of PbS~*A(0~+) state in Ar and S_2 have been studied by laser-induced fluorescence technique. The vibrational relaxation rate of PbS~*A(0~+) in S_2 is two orders of magnitude larger than in Ar. Formation of unstable intermediate PbS_3 may be responsible for the fast relaxation. The energy transfer process between A(0~+)(V'=19) and B(1)(V'=6) states is also suggested.     

266nm激光光解间氟溴苯和对氟溴苯

采用266nm紫外激光对间氟溴苯和对氟溴苯进行了光解动力学研究,在多个角度探测了光解碎片Br和C6H4F的时间飞渡谱(TOF)。从光解碎片的平动能分布P(Et)可以得到：间氟溴苯和对氟溴苯大约有46.8%和41.7%的可资用能分配到碎片的平动能,其余的分配到碎片的内能;且各向异性参数被确定为0.7和-0.4。为了更好地解释实验结果,我们利用从头计算方法对反应体系进行了计算,并与实验结果吻合,由此,我们提出了比较合理的光解机理且对氟原子的取代效应进行了讨论。     

由激光诱导荧光确定对称陀螺分子定向和取向的理论研究

采用密度矩阵方法推导了从激光诱导荧光强度中抽出对称陀螺分子定向和取向参数的一般表达式. 分子定向和取向由分子态多极矩描述. 激发激光和探测荧光分别为圆偏振和线偏振光. 在一般情况下, 激光诱导荧光强度是初始分子态多极矩、动力学因子和激发-探测几何因子的复杂函数. 它包含一个布居(population)、10个定向(orientation)和14个取向(alignment)态多极矩. 讨论了如何从分辨荧光强度中抽出所有初始分子态多极矩问题.     

Theoretical study of determining orientation and alignment of symmetric top molecule using laser-induced fluorescence

General expressions used for extracting the orientation and alignment parameters of a symmetric top molecule from laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) intensity are derived by employing the density matrix approach. The molecular orientation and alignment are described by molecular state multipoles. Excitation and detection are circularly and linearly polarized lights, respectively. In general cases, the LIF intensity is a complex function of the initial molecular state multipoles, the dynamic factors and the excitation-detection geometrical factors. It contains a population, ten orientation and fourteen alignment multipoles. The problem of how to extract the initial molecular state multipoles from the resolved LIF intensity is discussed.