基于差分反射高光谱成像的薄层TMDC材料检测技术研究

二维过渡金属硫化物(TMDC)材料因为独特的激子效应和材料学性质，在太阳电池、光催化、传感器、柔性电子器件等领域得到广泛的应用。层数对其性质有显著的调控作用，自动检测识别所需层数的样品是其从实验室走进半导体制造工业的重要技术需求。本文结合反射高光谱成像技术与图像处理算法，发展了一种二维TMDC薄层样品的显微成像自动检测技术。基于自主搭建的反射高光谱成像系统，对制备的不同层数TMDC标准样品进行了光学对比度的系统研究，阐明了层数的差分反射光谱机理，提出了可靠的层数判定方法。基于传统边缘检测技术优化设计了一套图像处理算法，实现了TMDC样品的图像检测及层数鉴定。本文方法具有普遍性、实用性，结合自动对焦的扫描控制，能够实现大规模的自动化样品检测，这也为其他表面目标的显微识别和检测提供了新的灵感和参考。     

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of NiMoO4 nanorods for high-performance urea electrooxidation

A large surface area with high active site exposure is desired for the nano-scaled electrocatalysts fabrication.Herein,taking Ni Mo O₄nanorods for example,we demonstrated the advantages of the microwaveassisted hydrothermal synthesis method compared to the traditional hydrothermal approaches.Both monoclinic structured Ni Mo O₄in the nanorods morphology are found for these samples but it is more time-saving and efficient in the Ni-Mo synergism for the catalyst obtained by mi...     

Copper-catalyzed diversified annulations between α-diketones and alkynyl α-diketones

Copper-catalyzed divergent annulations between α-diketones and alkynyl α-diketones have been achieved, delivering a series of highly functionalized and biologically important cis-hexahydro-2Hcyclopenta[b]furan(HCPF) and 2-hydroxydihydrofuran-3(2H)-one(HDFO) products with high levels of stereoselectivity under identical conditions. The protocol features the use of earth-abundant copper catalyst, mild conditions, shortening synthetic routes in constructing different molecular frameworks, and reduc...     

CeO2基磨粒在化学机械抛光中的研究进展

CeO₂由于其适当的机械性能及高的化学活性，更重要的是其对Si₃N₄/SiO₂的高选择性去除，使其被广泛应用于浅槽隔离化学机械抛光工艺中。本文论述了CeO₂基抛光液的抛光机制的研究进展，从CeO₂磨料的形貌尺寸、晶体结构、力学性能方面分析了磨料性质对抛光性能的影响，并进一步讨论了CeO₂基研磨颗粒及相关辅助抛光技术在CMP应用上的研究进展。以此为CeO₂基磨料的可控制备及新型抛光技术的发展提供借鉴，并希望能够促进CeO₂基研磨颗粒在抛光工艺中作用机制的揭示，使CeO₂抛光液更广泛地应用于材料的平坦化处理中。     

Visible-light-promoted radical alkylation/cyclization of allylic amide with N-hydroxyphthalimide ester: Synthesis of oxazolines

An efficient photocatalytic alkylation/cyclization of allylic amide with N-hydroxyphthalimide ester has been developed. The transformation is taken advantage of alkyl radicals to attack allylic amide with the assist of inexpensive rose bengal as photocatalyst to prepare a series of alkyl substituted oxazolines in moderate to excellent yields. High regioselectivity, operational safety, mild conditions and excellent substrate generality give this protocol broad application prospects.     

AuNP aggregation-induced quantitative colorimetric aptasensing of sulfadimethoxine with a smartphone

A gold nanoparticle(AuNP) aggregation-induced colorimetric aptasensing method for quantitative detection of sulfadimethoxine(SDM) with a smartphone was developed. AuNPs were complexed with aptamers which protected Au NPs from aggregating in high-concentration salt solutions. In the presence of SDM,SDM bound with the aptamer on the surface of Au NPs with higher affinity, which competitively desorbed the aptamer from the AuNP surface and resulted in AuNPs aggregation, accompanied with a color chan...     

新型多孔材料用作色谱手性固定相

手性固定相是色谱法分离分析手性化合物的关键。近年来,随着材料科学的迅速发展,越来越多的新型手性材料被作为色谱固定相用于手性分离分析。本文综述了近5年来液相色谱、气相色谱和毛细管电色谱领域的新型手性固定相的研究进展,重点总结了基于手性多孔材料的新型手性固定相研究,最后对手性固定相的研究进行了总结与展望。     

疏水缔合悬浮稳定剂的合成及其对固井水泥浆稠度和悬浮稳定性的影响

针对大温差条件下固井水泥浆在固井过程中可能存在的悬浮失稳问题，本研究采用水溶液自由基聚合法来合成具有疏水缔合结构的聚合物作为悬浮稳定剂(PAAN)。通过红外光谱仪、凝胶渗透色谱仪、热重分析仪、高温流变仪、SEM、紫外分光光度计等表征PAAN的结构，发现PAAN随温度升高，形成分子间疏水缔合网状结构，保证了体系的粘度，从而起到有效的悬浮稳定作用。研究发现在40~110 ℃下，0.6%加量的PAAN可以保证固化后的水泥石柱顶部和底部密度差<0.01 g/cm³，且水泥浆稠化时间基本不变，表明PAAN可以保证水泥浆体系具有良好的悬浮稳定效果，且对水泥浆的其他性能无不良影响。     

从化学视角剖析烫发、染发原理及顺序*

从头发的结构和组成出发分析头发形状和颜色改变的可能性,剖析烫发、染发的化学原理,阐释先烫发后染发的本质原因,从化学视角辨证地看待烫发、染发的利弊。