激光诱导多孔硅晶格畸变的Raman光谱和光致发光谱研究

研究了掺钛水热法制备多孔硅的Raman光谱和光致发光谱.实验发现,当激光功率较低时,多孔硅的Raman光谱在略低于520cm^-1附近表现为一锐的单峰,和晶体硅的Raman光谱类似.随激光功率增大,该单峰向低波数移动,Raman和光致发光峰的强度与激光强度的一次方成正比.当激光功率增大到一定值时,该单峰分裂成两个Raman峰,光致发光谱的强度突然增大,与激光强度之间不再满足一次方的关系,位于低波数一侧的Raman峰随激光功率增大进一步向低波数移动.多孔硅Raman光谱随激光功率的变化是 关键词： 多孔硅 Raman光谱 光致发光     

相干光经过不透明散射介质的聚焦

由于散射介质的散射特性,入射光通过散射介质后相干性受到破坏形成散斑场,使得传统光学成像系统无法聚焦探测内部物体的信息。根据波前整形原理,通过反馈优化算法调控入射光束的相位,在目标位置处将散斑调制为聚焦光斑,光强增强。基于此方法,在实验上搭建实验平台,对空间光调制器(SLM)的每个像素加载系列等间隔相位,一次采集多幅散斑图像,应用局部最大优化算法实现对光束任意点聚焦,并提出了一种得到不同大小区域的均匀的聚焦光斑的新方法,为实现聚焦平面内的目标成像提供了新思路。     

Al~(3+)/Mo~(6+)双离子取代ZrV_2O_7中Zr~(4+)/V~(5+)实现近零膨胀

采用固相烧结法制备了Zri_(1-x)Al_(2-x)V_(2-x)Mo_xO_7(0≤x≤0.9),并通过调整Al~(3+)/Mo~(6+)对ZrV_2O_7中的Zr~(4+)/V~(5+)离子替代量来实现近零膨胀,对于较小的x值(x≤0.3),材料保持了与ZrV_2O_7相同的立方相结构.随着Al~(3+)/Mo~(6+)替代量的增加,(Al/Zr)~-和(Mo/V)~+之间的库仑相互作用逐渐加强,这种库仑相互作用导致材料中未发生畸变的立方相晶体结构逐渐减少.当x≥0.7时,材料中立方相晶体结构完全消失.在425-750 K温度区间内,Zr_(0.5)Al_(0.5)M_(0.6)O_7展示出近零膨胀性质(-0.39×l0~(-6)K~(-1)).Zr_(0.5)Al_(1.5)V_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_7的低热膨胀性能可能与Al~(3+)/Mo~(6+)对ZrV_2O_7中Zr~(4+)/V~(5+)部分替代引起部分晶体结构发生的畸变及其对未替代部分的晶格结构的影响有关.     

Zero and controllable thermal expansion in HfMgMo_(3-x)W_xO_(12)

HfMgMo_(3-x)W_xO_(12) with x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 are developed with a simple solid state method. With increasing the content of W, solid solutions of Hf Mg Mo3-xWx O12 crystallize in an orthorhombic structure for x≤2.0 and a monoclinic structure for x2.0. A near-zero thermal expansion(ZTE) is realized for HfMgMo_(2.5)W_(0.5)O_(12) and negative coefficients of thermal expansion(NCTE) are achieved for other compositions with different values. The ZTE and variation of NCTE are attributed to the difference in electronegativity between W and Mo and incorporation of a different amount of W, which cause variable distortion of the octahedra and softening of the MoO_4 tetrahedra, and hence an enhanced NCTE in the a- and c-axis and reduced CTE in the b-axis as revealed by Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction.     

可控膨胀Zr2P2WO12/Ni复合材料的制备及性能

采用化学共沉淀法制备陶瓷Zr2P2WO12 (ZWP)和金属Ni复合材料粉体,烧结过程中还原剂柠檬酸将金属Ni2+还原.粉体中ZWP粒径100～200 nm,金属Ni粒径50～100 nm,且混合均匀.复合材料块体的制备采用冷压和放电等离子体烧结(SPS)两种方法,结果表明SPS制备的样品具有更好的块体致密度,可达84;以上.研究表明,通过调节Ni离子的掺杂比例可制备出热膨胀系数从负值到正值的可控热膨胀系数复合材料.当Zr2P2WO12/Ni的摩尔比为5∶5时,制备出的材料为近零膨胀复合材料.     

Electric field distribution around the chain of composite nanoparticles in ferrofluids

Composite nanoparticles (NPs) have the ability of combining materials with different properties together, thus receiving extensive attention in many fields. Here we theoretically investigate the electric field distribution around core/shell NPs (a type of composite NPs) in ferrofluids under the influence of an external magnetic field. The NPs are made of cobalt (ferromagnetic) coated with gold (metallic). Under the influence of the external magnetic field, these NPs will align along the direction of this field, thus forming a chain of NPs. According to Laplace's equations, we obtain electric fields inside and outside the NPs as a function of the incident wavelength by taking into account the mutual interaction between the polarized NPs. Our calculation results show that the electric field distribution is closely related to the resonant incident wavelength, the metallic shell thickness, and the inter-particle distance. These analytical calculations agree well with our numerical simulation results. This kind of field-induced anisotropic soft-matter systems offers the possibility of obtaining an enhanced Raman scattering substrate due to enhanced electric fields.     

Ultrafast carrier dynamics of Cu2O thin film induced by two-photon excitation

Cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) has attracted plenty of attention for potential nonlinear photonic applications due to its superior third-order nonlinear optical property such as two-photon absorption. In this paper, we investigated the two-photon excitation induced carrier dynamics of a Cu₂O thin film prepared by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, using the femtosecond transient absorption experiments. Biexponential dynamics including an ultrafast carrier scattering (< 1 ps) followed by a carrier recombination (> 50 ps) were observed. The time constant of carrier scattering under two-photon excitation is larger than that under one-photon excitation, due to the different transition selection rules and smaller absorption coefficient of the two-photon excitation.     

Y_(2-x)(LiMg)_xMo_3O_(12)固溶体吸水性与热膨胀性能研究

Y2-x(LiMg)xMo3O12固溶体(x=0、0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7、0.9、1.1、1.3、1.5、1.7、1.9和2.0)采用固相法制备。当x=0时,由于严重吸水,拉曼峰宽化。随着(LiMg)掺入量的增加,拉曼峰趋于尖锐并发生劈裂,说明固溶体的吸水性得到明显的降低,结晶性能提高,变温拉曼光谱显示失水对应的温度也在降低。在900cm-1和370cm-1附近出现的新峰,与Li-O和Mg-O的振动有关。随着(LiMg)量的增加,Li-O和Mg-O的振动加强,并导致MoO4与YO6振动减弱,也可能与热膨胀系数的变化有关。     

Theoretical study on the photonic band gap in one-dimensional photonic crystals with graded multilayer structure

We theoretically investigate the photonic band gap in one-dimensional photonic crystals with a graded multilayer structure. The proposed structure constitutes an alternating composite layer (metallic nanoparticles embedded in TiO2 film) and an air layer. Regarding the multilayer as a series of capacitance, effective optical properties are derived. The dispersion relation is obtained with the solution of the transfer matrix equation. With a graded structure in the composite layer, numerical results show that the position and width of the photonic band gap can be effectively modulated by varying the number of the graded composite layers, the volume fraction of nanoparticles and the external stimuli.     

注射用针剂药物的拉曼散射光谱研究

本文从药品鉴别的角度出发,首先论述了拉曼光谱分析技术并测试了九种针剂药品的拉曼光谱,通过分析讨论相关药品的拉曼光谱得出了几点结论:(1)某些药品的拉曼峰较多,特征峰值较强,频移范围比较广,例如:氟尿嘧啶,依托泊苷,异烟肼,克林霉素磷酸酯。(2)某些药品拉曼峰较弱,或是没有明显的特征峰,例如:硫酸阿米卡星,甲氧苄啶,利巴韦林,葡萄糖依诺沙星,硫酸庆大霉素。(3)在分析频率及其相对强度时发现,在某一频率下正对的峰高和面积较大,则其相对强度较大,例如:氟尿嘧啶,异烟肼,硫酸阿米卡星,甲氧苄啶,葡萄糖依诺沙星。虽然得到的结论还不能满足对药品的品质鉴定,但通过拉曼光谱分析技术在药品鉴别中的应用,给出了一些药品的拉曼特征谱,为药品的鉴别提供了参考依据。可以说利用光谱分析技术对药品进行鉴别是完全可行的。