In、Sc掺杂对SrTiO3电子结构和光学性质的影响

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势计算方法, 研究了In、Sc p型掺杂对SrTiO3母体化合物稳定性、电子结构和光学性质的影响. 计算结果表明:掺杂后, SrIn0.125Ti0.875O3和SrSc0.125Ti0.875O3的稳定性降低, 体系显示p型简并半导体特征, 掺杂仅引起杂质原子近邻区域的几何结构发生变化. 同时, SrIn0.125Ti0.875O3和SrSc0.125Ti0.875O3体系的光学带隙分别展宽0.35、0.30 eV, 光学吸收边发生蓝移, 在1.25-2.00 eV的能量区间出现新的吸收峰, 该吸收峰与体系Drude型自由载流子的激发相关. 此外, SrIn0.125Ti0.875O3和SrSc0.125Ti0.875O3体系的可见光透过率有了明显的提高, 在350-625 nm波长范围透过率高于85%. 掺杂原子在费米能级处低的电子态密度限制了跃迁概率和光吸收. 大的禁带宽度、小的跃迁概率和弱的光吸收是SrIn0.125Ti0.875O3和SrSc0.125Ti0.875O3体系具有较高光学透明度的原因.     

石墨烯的量子电容

量子电容在半导体纳米材料和器件中是一个日趋重要的参数,测量和提取石墨烯的量子电容,不仅可以得到石墨烯的重要物理性质,而且对石墨烯晶体管的尺寸缩减行为具有重要指导意义.文章中采用简单工艺在石墨烯上制备出均匀超薄的高质量Y2O3栅介质,其等效栅氧厚度(EOT)可缩减至1.5nm,通过控制栅介质厚度的变化,精确测量并提取了石墨烯量子电容,其电容值在远离狄拉克点时与理论计算相符合;在此基础上,文章作者提出了基于电势涨落的量子电容微观模型,通过采用单一参数——电势涨落δV,可以定量地描述Dirac点附近的量子电容行为,从而在全能量范围内实现对石墨烯量子电容测量值的完美拟合,并得到了石墨烯的相关重要参数.进而,作者从量子电容的角度,探索了石墨烯晶体管的性能极限,并比较其相对于Ⅲ-Ⅴ族场效应晶体管的潜在优势.     

HFCVD法制备纳米晶体碳化硅薄膜中氢流量对晶粒尺寸的影响

以甲烷、硅烷和氢气为反应气体,采用热丝化学气相沉积(HFCVD)法在单晶硅衬底上沉积纳米晶体碳化硅(SiC)薄膜.通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分别对SiC薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌进行分析.实验发现氢气流量对碳化硅薄膜晶粒尺寸有很大影响,当氢气流量从10SCCM变化到300SCCM时,薄膜晶粒的平均尺寸将由较大的400 nm左右减小到40 nm左右.     

First-Principles Study on Magnetic Properties of V-Doped ZnO Nanotubes

Electronic and magnetic properties of V-doped ZnO nanotubes in which one of Zn^2＋ ions is substituted by V^2＋ ions are studied by the first-principles calculations of plane wave ultra-soft pseudo-potential technology based on the spin-density function theory. The computational results reveal that spontaneous magnetization in Vdoped （9,0） ZnO nanotubes can be induced without p-type or n-type doping treatment, and the ferromagnetism is isotropic and independent of the chirality and diameter of the nanotubes. It is found that V-doped ZnO nanotubes have large magnetic moments and are ferromagnetic half-metal materials. Moreover, the ferromagnetic coupling among V atoms is generated by O 2p electron spins and V 3d electron spins localized at the exchanging interactions between magnetic transitional metal （TM） impurities. The appearance of ferromagnetism in V-doped ZnO nanotubes gives some reference to fabrication of a transparent ferromagnet which may have a great impact on industrial applications in magneto-optical devices.     

新型窗帘式WO3基电致变色器件设计与制备

采用磁控溅射法制备氧化钨(WO₃),基于电流驱动模型设计制备无需对电极层的新型窗帘式电致变色器件,并对器件的边框、WO₃薄膜的最佳厚度和离子储存区尺寸进行了系统优化。结果表明,制备得到的WO₃薄膜在550 nm波长处的调制率高达78%,1000圈循环伏安曲线测试后电荷储量衰减率仅为3.5%;设计的窗帘式器件显色区域高度可控,且消除了对电极对器件性能的影响。该研究为电致变色器件结构创新提供了新思路。     

一种新型的单电子A/D转换器

传统的A/D转换器结构复杂，利用一种改进的V-PADOX工艺可以制成性能均匀的互补的单电子 晶体管，工艺重复性好.用互补SET对结构实现了多阈值周期性传输功能，这可以用来简化A/ D转换电路.提出了一种利用该互补SET对结构实现的新型3位A/D转换器，具有结构简单、速 度快、功耗低等优点. 关键词： 库仑振荡 A/D转换器 互补单电子晶体管结构     

GaSb衬底上外延InAsxSb1-x材料的LP-MOCVD研究

采用自制的低压金属有机化学汽相淀积LP-MOCVD设备, 在(100)面GaSb单晶衬底上外延生长了InAsSb材料.用X射线双晶衍射、光学显微镜和扫描电镜、电子探针能谱仪等对材料特性进行了表征，分析研究了生长温度、Ⅴ/Ⅲ比、过渡层等对外延层的影响.并且获得了与GaSb衬底晶格失配度较低的表面光亮的晶体质量较好的InAsSb外延层.     

Brewster-oriented passive Q-switch intracavity optical parametric oscillator

The behaviour of passively Q-switched solid-state lasers containing intracavity optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) is described, and a model to optimize this system‘s performance is developed. Meanwhile, an Nd:YAG laserpumped KTiOPO4 (KTP) intracavity OPO for eye safe laser output is studied experimentally. A Brewster-oriented bis-(4-dimethylaminodithiobenzil)-nickel (BDN) dye film is employed in laser cavity, which plays the double role of a passive Q-switch and a Brewster plate, to Q-switch the light to increase its intensity and polarize the light so that the polarization plane of fundamental irradiation is perpendicular to the Z-axis of KTP serving as the OPO nonlinear crystal, thereby providing type Ⅱ phase matching conditions to generate 1.572μm eye-safe signal laser. Eye-safe signal radiations of 6.6mJ per pulse at 1.572μm wavelength and pulse width as narrow as 6.0ns (FWHM) were obtained. Peak power was up to 1.1MW.     

基于SOLO理论的物理学史复习

运用SOLO分类评价理论分析近3年高考中物理学史试题, 总结物理学史考查的特点是注重考查学生 的学科素养和物理创新能力. 尝试提出4种复习策略, 即编写歌谣、 设计概念图、 解决原始物理学史问题和挖掘物理 史料