高校教师激励与约束机制分析

最有效的管理方式是对人的激励,高校管理的核心是通过激励以最大限度地调动与发挥教师的积极性和创造性.运用博弈论方法和委托-代理理论探析信息不对称下高校教师的激励与约束机制,对教师校外兼职问题进行博弈分析,提出健全高校教师激励与约束机制的建议.     

X射线激光器捕捉到蛋白质分子的超快动态

近日,美国威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校的生物物理学家、能源部下属SLAC国家加速器实验室部门负责人Marius Schmidt率领的国际研究团队,用X射线激光器以慢动作的形式展示了一个光敏性生物分子的快速动态。"人们能够在这一技术的基础上,以原子水平的空间分辨率和超快时间分辨率制作纳米世界的电影,"Schmidt说道。研究人员将PYP光敏黄蛋白(photoactive yellow protein)作为模式系统。PYP是一种蓝光     

可发生多种故障的可修复系统稳定性分析

研究了可发生多种故障的可修复系统.运用C_0半群理论,通过服务率均值的观念,对系统主算子的谱界进行了估值,并得到该谱上界即为各服务率均值的最小者的相反数.然后运用了共尾的概念及相关的理论,得到了系统算子的谱界与系统算子产生的半群的增长界相等.最后由分析了系统算子的谱分布,得到了系统的指数稳定性.     

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一类具有边界层性质的二次奇摄动边值问题

研究了一类具有边界层性质的二次奇摄动边值问题.在相对较弱的条件下,用合成展开法构造出该问题的形式近似式,并应用改进的Harten不动点定理和逆算子定理证明解的存在性及其渐近性质.最后,将所研究的问题和结论推广到更一般的高次情形.     

欧盟REACH法规中钴、砷、铬、锡、铅等高关注物质X射线荧光光谱法定量筛选用橡胶标准样品的研制

<正>欧洲化学品管理署(ECHA)于2008年10月至今已公布8批、共计138种高关注物质(SVHC),包括含钴、砷、铬、锡和铅的高关注物质共30多种物质,它们广泛应用于塑料、橡胶、染料、油漆、涂料等多个领域。因残留在橡胶和塑料制品中的高关注物质危害人类的健康,欧盟REACH法规[1]规定进入欧盟的化学品若高关注物质含量超过0.1%,必须向欧洲化学品管理署通报。X射线荧光光谱法(XRF)由于具有准确度高、     

Hilbert空间中连续广义标架的和

基于Hilbert空间标架理论，借助算子工具，用己有连续广义标架构造了新连续广义标架，并给出了有限个连续广义标架和构成新连续广义标架的充要条件，为构造连续广义标架提供了新方法。     

基于NiCo2O4纳米片电极的非对称混合电容器

The looming global energy crisis and ever-increasing energy demands have catalyzed the development of renewable energy storage systems. In this regard, supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted widespread attention because of their advantageous attributes such as high power density, excellent cycle stability, and environmental friendliness. However, SCs exhibit low energy density and it is important to optimize electrode materials to improve the overall performance of these devices. Among the various electrode materials available, spinel nickel cobaltate (NiCo₂O₄) is particularly interesting because of its excellent theoretical capacitance. Based on the understanding that the performances of the electrode materials strongly depend on their morphologies and structures, in this study, we successfully synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets on Ni foam via a simple hydrothermal route followed by calcination. The structures and morphologies of the as-synthesized products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and the results showed that they were uniformly distributed on the Ni foam support. The surface chemical states of the elements in the samples were identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ products were then tested as cathode materials for supercapacitors in a traditional three-electrode system. The electrochemical performances of the NiCo₂O₄ electrode materials were studied and the area capacitance was found to be 1.26 C·cm^-2 at a current density of 1 mA·cm^-2. Furthermore, outstanding cycling stability with 97.6% retention of the initial discharge capacitance after 10000 cycles and excellent rate performance (67.5% capacitance retention with the current density from 1 to 14 mA·cm^-2) were achieved. It was found that the Ni foam supporting the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets increased the conductivity of the electrode materials. However, it is worth noting that the contribution of nickel foam to the areal capacitance of the electrode materials was almost zero during the charge and discharge processes. To further investigate the practical application of the as-synthesized NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets-based electrode, a device was assembled with the as-prepared samples as the positive electrode and active carbon (AC) as the negative electrode. The assembled supercapacitor showed energy densities of 0.14 and 0.09 Wh·cm^-3 at 1.56 and 4.5 W·cm^-3, respectively. Furthermore, it was able to maintain 95% of its initial specific capacitance after 10000 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of the NiCo₂O₄ nanosheets could be ascribed to their unique spatial structure composed of interconnected ultrathin nanosheets, which facilitated electron transportation and ion penetration, suggesting their potential applications as electrode materials for high performance supercapacitors. The present synthetic route can be extended to other ternary transition metal oxides/sulfides for future energy storage devices and systems.     

材料化学课程线上教学初探

2020新年伊始,新冠肺炎突然来袭,为了防止聚集性感染,教育部提出了"停课不停教、停课不停学"的要求。地方普通高校学生的自律性、自觉性及能动性差别十分明显,这样的学情对如何有效开展化学专业的线上教学工作提出了更大的挑战。本文以材料化学课程线上教学为例,介绍地方普通高校化学专业线上教学工作的开展情况。针对教学过程中遇到的各种问题和采用的应对方案,探讨线上教学过程中的注意事项。希望本文能为地方普通高校化学专业线上教学工作提供有益的参考。     

物理化学全线上教学的策略与实践

Remote teaching and learning have been adopted during the COVID-19 outbreak. In this particular period of time, a totally-online-teaching strategy was implemented by the teaching team of physical chemistry in Tianjin University. With the enrichment of learning resources, the optimization of the inspectors' teaching skills, as well as the elaborated managements of the whole learning process, the course has been given online successfully, though it is thought unsuitable for online teaching due to the abstruse theory and complex mathematical treatments involved in teaching. Both the central position of student and the leading role of teacher are greatly promoted in the newly developed totally-online-teaching process. The experiences obtained in this teaching process will lay great impact on teaching mode innovation in the future.