正丙醇-水体系中SbI4-与U（Ⅶ）、Ce3+、Co2+和Ag+的析相萃取分离

研究了正丙醇-水体系析相萃取分离和富集SbI4-的行为及其与一些金属离子分离的条件。实验表明,控制pH为2,能使SbI4-与U()、Ce3+、Co2+和Ag+分离。     

陈皮中黄酮类化合物的微波辅助提取

黄酮类化合物对人体具有多种生理活性,对黄酮的提取研究具有重要的实用意义。实验通过改装微波炉,采用微波法提取陈皮中的黄酮类化合物,研究了乙醇浓度、微波温度、微波时间、微波反应器的火力点对黄酮提取率的影响。通过正交试验,确定了最佳提取工艺条件。     

微波辅助提取刺梨中总黄酮的工艺参数优化

以刺梨果实为原料,对微波辅助提取刺梨中的总黄酮的工艺进行研究,采用单因素试验法对影响微波辅助提取刺梨果实中总黄酮的影响因素进行分析,利用正交试验优化提取总黄酮的工艺条件。研究表明,微波辅助提取刺梨总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1:20(g/mL),乙醇浓度60%,微波萃取功率400W,微波辐射时间3min。最佳工艺条件下的总黄酮的提取率为1.39%。     

白车轴草醇提取物的薄层色谱分析

确定了白车轴草的醇提取物中黄酮类化合物的最佳展开体系,即氯仿-甲醇-乙酸乙酯(3:0.5:1,V/V/V)。分离出7种黄酮类物质,与红车轴草醇提取物的色谱图比较,确定了其中3种黄酮类化合物,大豆甙元(Rf=0.2)、鹰嘴豆芽素A(Rf=0.28)及鹰嘴豆芽素B(Rf=0.37)。     

钯在乙醇水溶液中与钌、银、铜和铅的析相绿色萃取分离

在硫酸铵存在下,乙醇水溶液能够分为醇/水两相,在分相过程中,Pd²⁺与KBr和C₂H₅OH₂⁺生成的[PdBr₄^2-][C2HsOH-2⁺]₂三元缔合物能被乙醇相萃取,使Pd²⁺与Ru²⁺、Ag⁺、Cu²⁺和Pb²⁺完全分离。该法在微量钯的分离和富集分析中有一定的实用价值。     

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from Ligustrum lucidum Ait

Oleanolic acid and ursolic acid are the main bioactive compounds in fruit of Ligustrum lucidum Ait, which possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiprotozoal, antimutagenic and anticancer properties. In this study, the ultrasound-assisted extraction of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from L. lucidum Ait was investigated with HPLC-photodiode array detection. Effects of several experimental parameters, such as type and concentration of extraction solvent, ratio of liquid to material, extraction temperature and extraction time, on extraction efficiencies of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from L. lucidum were evaluated. The influence of experimental parameters on extraction efficiency of ursolic acid was more significant than that of oleanolic acid. The optimal extraction conditions were 95% ethanol, the ratio of material to liquid at 1:20, and extraction for 10 min at 40 °C under ultrasonic irradiation. Under the optimal conditions, the yields of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were 6.3 ± 0.25 and 9.8 ± 0.30 mg/g, respectively. The results indicated that the ultrasound-assisted extraction is a very useful method for the extraction of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from L. lucidum.     

Effect of temperature on the physical properties of two ionic liquids

Density, speed of sound, refractive index, and dynamic viscosity of the ionic liquids (ILs) 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, BMpyr NTf₂, and trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium dicyanamide, P₆₆₆₁₄ dca, were studied as a function of temperature at atmospheric pressure. Thermal expansion coefficient, α_p, molecular volumes, and standard entropies of these ILs were calculated from the experimental density values. The solubility of three aromatic components (benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene) in the selected ILs was carried out at T = 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure and compared with literature values for sulfolane.     

氟碳铈矿提取稀土的绿色化学进展

氟碳铈矿是稀土工业的重要原材料，目前从氟碳铈矿提取稀土主要采用酸法工艺，该工艺虽然稀土回收高，但流程长，试剂消耗长，成本较高，同时酸法产生ＨＦ及废酸碱污染环境。因此寻找低成本，低污染的绿色化学处理工艺是近几十年中人们一直努力的方向。本文系统介绍了氟碳铈矿分解工艺的发展，并着重介绍邓氯化铵法提取氟碳铈矿稀土的的新工艺。该工艺采用盐类分解并氯化氟碳铈矿，直接用水浸取回收稀土，不引入酸和碱，提高了反应选择性，减轻了稀土在稀土杂质分负荷，降低了化工材料消耗，简化了工艺，提高了回收率，是符合绿色化学要求的工艺。     

Solid-liquid extraction strategy on the basis of solvent characterization

Summary Different solvents used for extraction are characterized on the basis of the Snyder theory. The individual solvent strength (s_i) and selectivity values (s_v) of the solvents are used to formulate an extraction strategy by use of selected solvents, in a manner similar to that used for the computer-aided HPLC and TLC “PRISMA” mobile phase optimization procedures. After a pre-assay using the nine proposed solvents, twelve measurements are necessary to obtain the global optimum. The new method allows successful solid-liquid extraction of compounds from biological matrices such as medicinal and aromatic plants. Data obtained from furocoumarin isomers and flavonoid glycosides extracted from different medicinal and aromatic plants are used to demonstrate the validity of the method. The structures and properties of the compounds to be extracted do not have to be known for the procedure to be used. Presented at Balaton Symposium on High Performance Separation Methods, Siófok, Hungary, September 1–3, 1999     

Extraction of cellulose and preparation of nanocellulose from sisal fibers

In this work a study on the feasibility of extracting cellulose from sisal fiber, by means of two different procedures was carried out. These processes included usual chemical procedures such as acid hydrolysis, chlorination, alkaline extraction, and bleaching. The final products were characterized by means of Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). The extraction procedures that were used led to purified cellulose. Advantages and disadvantages of both procedures were also analyzed. Finally, nanocellulose was produced by the acid hydrolysis of obtained cellulose and characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).