NiMoO4纳米线@ZnCo MOF(350)核壳结构复合材料的制备及其析氧电催化性能

采用液相合成法成功合成了一种新型的ZnCo金属有机骨架（MOF）纳米晶原位生长于NiMoO₄纳米线（NWs）表面的复合材料NiMoO₄ NWs@ZnCo MOF。经350 ℃低温热处理（所得产物命名为NiMoO₄ NWs@ZnCo MOF（350））后,仍旧较好地保持了前驱体的结构和形貌,但在ZnCo MOF内部出现了极少量的Co₃O₄相,证明发生了轻微热解。化学键C—O—Mo和相异质界面处产生的大量氧空位可以成为活性位点的来源。新的Co₃O₄相的形成也导致异相界面的进一步增加。此外,少量的热解使核壳结构表面更加粗糙、疏松和多孔,产生更高的比表面积、更快的离子扩散路径和更好的导电性。因此经惰性玻碳电极测试,在10 mA·cm^-2电流密度下电催化剂表现出360 mV的低过电位,并保持了30 000 s的长期催化稳定性。     

Isoscaling Behaviour in the Isospin-Dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model

The isoscaling behaviour is investigated in a frame of isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics models. The isotopic yields ratio Y2/Y1 for reactions ^48Ca ^48Ca and ^40 Ca ^4oCa at different entrance channels are simulated and presented, the relationship between the isoscaling parameter and the entrance channel is analysed, the results show that a and β reduce with the rise of incident energies and increase with the impact parameter b, which can be attributed to the temperature varying of the pre-fragments in different entrance channels. The relation of a and symmetry-term coefficient Csym reveals that the chemical potential difference △μ is sensitive to thesymmetry-term coefficient Csym, and raises with the increasing Csym.     

Anisotropy in Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility of a Squarylium Dye in a Nematic Liquid Crystal

A squarylium dye is dissolved in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （SCB） and oriented by sandwiching mixtures between two pieces of rubbed glass plates. The optical absorption spectra of the oriented squarylium dye-5CB layers exhibit high anisotropy. The third-order nonlinear optical responses and susceptibilities X^（3）e of squarylium dye in 5CB are measured with light polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the orientational direction by the resonant femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique. Temporal profiles of the DFWM signal of the oriented squarylium dye-5CB layers with light polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the orientational direction are measured with a time resolution of 0.3ps （FWHM）, and are found to consist of two components, i.e., the coherent instantaneous nonlinear response and slow response due to the formation of excited molecules. A high anisotropic ratio of x^（3）e, 10.8 ：k 1.2, is observed for the oriented layers.     

Spurious Shell Closures in the Relativistic Mean Field Model

Following a previous systematic theoretical study of the ground-state properties of over 7000 nuclei from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line in the relativistic mean field model [Prog. Theor. Phys. 113 （2005） 785], which is in fair agreement with existing experimental data, we observe a few spurious shell closures, i.e. proton shell closures at Z = 58 and Z = 92. These spurious shell closures are found to persist in all the effective forces of the relativistic mean field model, e.g. TMA, NL3, PKDD and DD-ME2.     

Fast Optical Switching Using Oriented Cyanine Dye-Doped Nematic Liquid Crystal

A cyanine dye, 2-[7-（1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene）-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide （NK-125）, is doped in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （5 CB）, and the mixture is sandwiched between two pieces of rubbed glass plates. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the oriented NK-125-SCB layers are measured by the resonant femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique at 760 nm. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of one of the present samples is 5.5×10^-8 esu. The slow DFWM response of the NK-125-SCB layers due to a population grating is accelerated by the increasing laser power because of amplified spontaneous emission （ASE）. On the other hand, we do not observe a similar phenomenon for NK-125- polyethylene glycol （PEG-400）. Oriented NK-125 molecules in nematic liquid crystals must have very high ASE efficiency. Hence the population grating in a DFWM signal disappears within about 4 ps. It is expected that NK-125-SCB can be used as a material for very fast all-optical switching.     

多孔电极三相界面形态的研究

研究了多孔气体电极在电池反应中形成的三相界面的形态及其变化规律。传统的电极多采用部分浸没的使用方式，不利于观察。笔者通过改变传统的电极安装方式，将电极在纵向的距离加大，可以任意调节电极纵向高度，有利于观察三相界面的形成形态。通过锌空气电池实验，总结了三相界面形态的形成以及随着反应时间的变化规律，并对三相界面形态的变化使电极内电解液的电导发生变化进而影响电池内电阻进行了理论分析，通过对比实验给出多孔电极润湿性和孔隙结构对三相界面形态的影响。     

ZnO∶Al/p-Si的接触特性

利用射频磁控溅射制备了ZnO∶A l/p-S i接触,并对其进行C-V和I-V特性的77~350 K变温测量。并对未热退火和800℃热退火两种样品的测量结果进行了对比分析。结果发现,未经热退火和经过热退火处理的样品在C-V和I-V特性上有很大差别。解释了两种样品的C-V和I-V测量结果的不同。对于未退火的样品,由于界面处的大量界面态的屏蔽作用,使得ZnO∶A l/p-S i异质结的C-V曲线发生畸变。经800℃热退火,ZnO∶A l/p-S i异质结的C-V特性恢复正常,说明热退火已经消除了异质结中的界面态和缺陷态。研究表明ZnO∶A l/p-S i异质结经适当热退火处理有更好的整流特性同时对光致发光也更有利。     

个人中子剂量气泡探测器研制

中子固体气泡探测器被认为是唯一能够满足国际辐射防护委员会ICRP60要求的个人中子剂量计，它具有从低能中子到高能中子的平坦响应曲线和对γ射线不灵敏的优点.本工作将过热液滴均匀地分布在一种软聚合物中，制成了个人中子气泡剂量计,其灵敏度达到每毫雷姆40个气泡.还介绍了个人中子剂量气泡探测器的原理和制作过程.Neutron solid bubble detector was considered as a unique one for meeting the need of the personal neutron dosimeter recommended by International Committee of radiation protection,ICRP60.It has the flat response for neutron from low energy to high energy,and insensitive for gamma rays. In this work,superheated liquid drops were dispersed into a kind of soft polymer homogeneously.A personal neutron bubble dosimeter has been made,and the sensitivity reached to about 40bubbles/mrem.The principle and the processing procedure of bubble detector were also introduced in this paper.     

胶原纤维为模板制备Gd掺杂纤维状二氧化钛及光催化性能研究

以胶原为模板剂、硫酸钛为钛源、硝酸钆为掺杂源制备了钆掺杂纤维结构TiO2(Gd-TiO2).通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis-DRS)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对样品的表面形貌、晶相组成、紫外吸收带、元素组成及化合价态进行了分析.以甲基橙为目标降解物,研究了样品的光催化性能并确定钆的最佳掺杂量.结果表明:600℃煅烧温度下2;Gd-TiO2纤维结构完好、光催化效果最好,光反应30 min后其降解率达到91.89;,比起未掺杂试样大大提高.钆掺杂会改变TiO2的晶粒尺寸并能够抑制TiO2从锐钛矿相向金红石相转变,掺杂后紫外吸收带发生蓝移.     

低共熔溶剂催化一锅合成4,7-二氢-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-5-腈衍生物（英文）

首次发现脯氨酸和草酸形成的低共熔溶剂可作为一种有效的制备4,7-二氢-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-5-甲腈衍生物的催化剂,该方法用醛、3-氧代丙腈和1H-吡唑-5-胺为原料,一锅法高效地合成该类化合物.方法具有底物适用范围广、操作简便、催化剂可回收利用及达到克级规模的合成等优点.