Laguerre-Gauss collocation method for initial value problems of second order ODEs

This paper proposes a new collocation method for initial value problems of second order ODEs based on the Laguerre-Gauss interpolation. It provides the global numerical solutions and possesses the spectral accuracy. Numerical results demonstrate its high efficiency.     

一种改进的轨道动力学模型

航天器的矢径可以分解为矢径模和单位矢量的乘积,利用该性质将传统轨道动力学方程分解为矢径模和矢径方向的动力学方程组,实现了航天器位置信息的分离;针对两个方程分别采用常数变易法和四元数描述方法,将轨道动力学模型转化为线性无奇异的方程组,同时得到了7 个新轨道变量,且建立了新轨道变量与惯性系下航天器位置速度信息以及轨道六要素之间的相互转换关系. 该轨道模型适用于任意形式的推力和摄动,避免了奇异性,且在虚拟时间的意义下,航天器的旋转角速度只取决于法向力;在常值推力和变推力的情况下,对该模型进行了数值验证,验证了新模型的可适用性、数值稳定性以及计算精度高的优势.      

光纤化学传感技术研究近况

光纤化学传感器作为传感器的一个重要分支,结合了化学和光学的相关技术,将化学制膜、光纤技术以及化学分析中的分光光度法、拉曼光谱、荧光光谱、折射率检测等方法相融合,以其微型化,抗电磁干扰,传输信息量大,拥有自身参比等特点不断向前发展。简要综述了光纤化学传感技术研究近况和未来的发展趋势。重点对光纤pH化学传感器、光纤离子化学传感器和光纤气体化学传感器进行了介绍。简要分析了常见的敏感膜制备方法如化学键合法和溶胶凝胶(sol-gel)等方法。新型光纤——微结构光纤的出现为光纤化学传感器开辟了新的发展方向。由于其具有大的内表面积,结构设计灵活多样,光纤内部提供感应场所等特点,快速度成为光纤化学传感器的重要发展方向和研究热点。对微结构光纤衍生而来的新型光纤化学传感器进行了详细评述, 最后对光纤化学传感器的未来进行展望。     

空气环境下煤粉流LIBS多元素同时检测中激光能量研究

考察了大气环境下激光诱导击穿光谱适用于煤粉流多元素同时检测的激光能量范围,分析了造成煤粉流测量谱线信号波动的原因,得到了适用于煤粉流多元素同时检测的激发区域功率密度范围和最佳功率密度。实验选取能量范围为20～160 mJ,粒径小于200 μm煤粉颗粒经下料口自由下落形成煤粉流束,通过螺杆式给粉机控制流量,波长1 064 nm脉冲激光聚焦后作用于下降的煤粉流束上,产生等离子体,光谱仪采集等离子体发射光谱信号,分析结果表明：实验台架下适于煤粉流LIBS检测的能量范围为30～60 mJ,对应激发前沿功率密度选取范围14.4～34.4 GW·cm-2,最佳测量功率密度19.5 GW·cm-2。     

细胞核靶向聚乙烯亚胺-地塞米松偶联物的制备及作为基因载体的应用

采用地塞米松(Dex)和低分子量聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)经酰胺化反应, 合成了一种新型靶向基因载体PEI-Dex偶联物. 研究结果表明, PEI-Dex可结合DNA形成复合物, 在最佳制备条件下(N/P=12), PEI-Dex/DNA复合物粒径为(162±1.90) nm, 电位为(12.8±0.11) mV, 适用于基因转染. PEI-Dex的细胞毒性较低, 可促进复合物的细胞核转运, 从而显著提高转染效率.     

Propagation properties of electromagnetic fields in elliptic dielectric hollow fibres and their applications

We numerically calculate and analyse the electromagnetic fields, optical intensity distributions, polarization states and orbital angular momentum of some elliptic hollow modes in an elliptic dielectric hollow fiber (EDHF) by using Mathieu functions, and also calculate the optical potential of the blue-detuned _eHE₁₁ mode evanescent-light wave for ⁸⁵Rb atoms, including the position-dependent van der Waals potential, and discuss briefly some potential applications of our EDHF in atom and molecule optics, etc. Our study shows that the vector electric field distributions of the odd modes in the cross section of the EDHF are the same as that of the even modes and with different boundary ellipses by rotating an angle of π/2, and the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of single HE (EH) mode is exactly equal to zero, while that of dual-mode in the EDHF is fractional in h, and has a sinusoidal oscillation as z varies. The EDHF can be used to produce various elliptic hollow beams, even to generate and study various atomic vortices with a fractional charge and its fractional quantum Hall effect in atomic Bose--Einstein condensate, and so on.     

脉冲电晕放电流光发展和OH自由基二维分布的发射光谱研究

流光在OH自由基的生成过程中起到重要作用。为了研究流光与OH自由基之间的关系,利用ICCD拍摄了线板式脉冲电晕放电反应器内流光的形成和发展过程,着重研究了在反应器几何结构固定的情况下,输入峰值电压对流光发展速度和流光在阴极板覆盖范围的影响。实验表明在反应器不击穿的情况下,输入峰值电压越大,越有利于流光的发展,因此生成的高能电子数量越多。此外我们还利用发射光谱法测量了脉冲电晕放电反应器内OH自由基的二维分布特性,并且与流光发展轨迹图对比。OH自由基在放电电场中的分布特性是以电极线为中心向四周扩散,浓度逐渐降低。这个结论和流光在脉冲电晕放电反应器内的发展轨迹图相吻合。     

New progress on beam availability and reliability of PKU high intensity CW proton ECR ion source

The stability and reliability of an ion source and its beam availability are extremely significant for any accelerator,especially for those high current long term CW operation ones like ADS. Although the first high quality 306-hours continuous wave(CW) operating curve at 50 m A@35 ke V has been successfully obtained with a standard compact 2.45 GHz ECR ion source at Peking University(PKU), but the uncertainties that caused beam trips before are unacceptable during an accelerator real operation and should be eliminated. Meanwhile, no permission will be given when the beam power is upgraded from 50 m A@35 ke V to 50 m A@50 ke V. To improve the PKU CW proton source quality, several upgrades were done recently. After those improvements, a new long term CW proton beam experiment at 50 m A@50 ke V was carried out in June 2016. The total running time is 300.5 hours, including near 6 hours ion source preparation and 294 hours non-disturb continuous operation. Within the continuous 13 days operation, no beam-off happened, no spark was observed,no beam drop appeared, no interrupting action was needed, and only a few beam fluctuations caused by the air conditional failure occurred. Beam availability and reliability within the 294 hours is 100%. The root-mean-square(RMS) emittance of this 50 m A@50 ke V CW proton beam is about 0.186 π.mm.mrad. A careful inspection of the ion source was done after this long term operation and no obvious damage was found. The restart experimental results obtained after the ion source inspection prove the high repeatability of PKU PMECRIS. In addition, a 130-m A H+beam was obtained at 50 k V with duty factor of 10%(100 Hz/1 ms) with this source. Details will be presented in this paper.     

基于一代像增强器的高分辨率X射线相机

为了实现在较低剂量下获得较高的分辨率,研制了一款价格低廉的X射线CCD相机。该相机使用硫氧化钆作为转换屏、经一代像增强器增强后的图像通过光锥耦合到CCD相机上;为了提高系统的光传输效率,提出了将像增强器输出直面板或倒像器直接更换成光锥,其小端直接同CCD相机耦合的方案;通过灰度分析计算对比度曲线,拟合得出系统的本征空间分辨率为13 Lp/mm;通过拍摄实际景物,可以清晰地看到其内部的细节,显示出比较好的图像质量。     

金属圆柱壳受大质量低速冲击的屈曲变形

对钢质和铜质金属圆柱壳的轴向冲击动力响应进行了实验研究,记录了两种不同材料圆柱壳在大质量低速冲击下的冲击力时程曲线,得到其屈曲模态。采用高速摄像及模拟技术给出了钢质圆柱壳渐进屈曲的全过程,为理解钢质圆柱壳的屈曲机理提供了直观的结果。黄铜质圆柱壳在大质量低速冲击下, 出现整个壳面滿布屈曲波纹的塑性动力屈曲现象,说明高速冲击不是产生塑性动力屈曲的充要条件。像铜这样具有高密度的韧性材料,在大质量低速冲击下,会在轴向产生持续的压缩塑性流作用而出现塑性动力屈曲现象。