纳米氧化铜修饰的苯巴比妥分子印迹传感器的制备及其电化学性能

为了改善分子印迹传感器的灵敏度,在四丁基高氯酸铵的支持电解质溶液中,以甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,马来松香丙烯酸乙二醇酯为交联剂在纳米氧化铜修饰过的玻碳电极上电聚合了一种苯巴比妥(PB)识别性能的分子印迹传感膜.采用循环伏安(CV)法、差分脉冲伏安(DPV)法及交流阻抗(EIS)法对这种纳米氧化铜修饰过的印迹及非印迹电极的电化学性能进行了研究,结果显示纳米氧化铜修饰过的印迹及非印迹电极的电化学性能完全不同.X射线衍射(XRD)证实纳米粒子为氧化铜.采用扫描电镜(SEM)对纳米氧化铜修饰过的印迹传感器的形貌进行分析,发现纳米氧化铜分散在电极表面,改善了修饰印迹传感器的识别点.差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)表明苯巴比妥的浓度在1.0×10-8-1.8×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈现良好的线性关系(线性相关系数R=0.9994);检出限2.3×10-9mol·L-1(信噪比(S/N)=3).研究结果表明纳米氧化铜修饰过的印迹传感器具有较高灵敏度及选择性.此印迹传感器能用于实际样品中苯巴比妥的检测,加标回收率在95.0%-102.5%.     

用镀有钛过渡层的钼衬底制备无裂纹自支撑金刚石膜

为了解决金刚石膜脱膜开裂的问题,尝试了一种复合衬底,即镀有钛过渡层的钼衬底.利用直流等离子体喷射法在复合衬底上制备了不同厚度无裂纹的自支撑金刚石膜.用扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼谱和X射线衍射表征金刚石膜的特征,并检测了其断裂强度.结果表明,用复合衬底制备的金刚石膜在950℃具有最小半高宽,在实验温度下所获得的金刚石自支撑膜的断裂强度均超过了500MPa.     

沙漠腹地达理雅博依天然绿洲植物群落特征分析

达里雅博依绿洲地处塔克拉玛干大沙漠腹地,是人迹罕至的天然绿洲.在这种特殊生境下,探明当地植被的生长状况、群落组成和结构特征等信息对该地区的发展及后续研究具有重要意义.本研究在绿洲内部随机选取26个样方,利用经典样方法进行实地调查,记录样方内乔木、灌木和草本植物的多度和常见的基本指标(高度、冠幅、胸径和枯枝率).利用单因素方差分析和关联系数等统计方法对绿洲植物群落的物种组成,功能性状变化,年龄结构、健康状况和种间关系进行分析讨论.结果表明:(1)达理雅博依绿洲被子植物共有18个种,涵盖了10科15属.(2)胡杨的相对多度、相对盖度、相对高度从南到北逐渐增加;柽柳相对盖度由南向北呈下降趋势,相对多度在中部最高;芦苇主要分布在绿州南部.(3)柽柳种群年龄结构表现为金字塔形,处在一个高繁殖率的时期;胡杨种群年龄结构表现为倒金字塔形,属于衰退型种群;衰退型胡杨数量占绿洲内胡杨总数的比例最高(40%),健康型的胡杨数量很少.(4)研究结果暗示胡杨与柽柳之间存在相互促进作用,二者间可能在水分和养分的利用方式上存在生态位的分化,进而降低了对资源的竞争.     

Photon number resolvability of multi-pixel superconducting nanowire single photon detectors using a single flux quantum circuit

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are typical switching devices capable of detecting single photons with almost 100% detection efficiency. However, they cannot determine the exact number of incident photons during a detection event. Multi-pixel SNSPDs employing multiple read-out channels can provide photon number resolvability (PNR), but they require increased cooling power and costly multi-channel electronic systems. In this work, a single-flux quantum (SFQ) circuit is employed, and PNR based on multi-pixel SNSPDs is successfully demonstrated. A multi-input magnetically coupled DC/SFQ converter (MMD2Q) circuit with a mutual inductance M is used to combine and record signals from a multi-pixel SNSPD device. The designed circuit is capable of discriminating the amplitude of the combined signals in accuracy of Φ₀/M with Φ₀ being a single magnetic flux quantum. By employing the MMD2Q circuit, the discrimination of up to 40 photons can be simulated. A 4-parallel-input MMD2Q circuit is fabricated, and a PNR of 3 is successfully demonstrated for an SNSPD array with one channel reserved for the functional verification. The results confirm that an MMD2Q circuit is an effective tool for implementing PNR with multi-pixel SNSPDs.     

Superconducting anisotropy and vortex pinning in CaKFe_4As_4 and KCa_2Fe_4As_4F_2

The vortex pinning determining the current carrying capacity of a superconductor is an important property to the applications of superconducting materials.For layered superconductors,the vortex pinning can be enhanced by a strong interlayer interaction in accompany with a suppression of superconducting anisotropy,which remains to be investigated in iron based superconductors(FeSCs)with the layered structure.Here,based on the transport and magnetic torque measurements,we experimentally investigate the vortex pinning in two bilayer FeSCs,CaKFe₄As₄(Fe1144)and KCa₂Fe₄As4F₂(Fe12442),and compare their superconducting anisotropyγ.While the anisotropyγ≈3 for Fe1144 is much smaller thanγ≈15 in Fe12442 around Tc,a higher flux pinning energy as evidenced by a higher critical current density is found in Fe1144,as compared with the case of Fe12442.In combination with the literature data of Ba_0.72K_0.28Fe2As₂ and Nd Fe As_O0.82F_0.18,we reveal an anti-correlation between the pinning energy and the superconducting anisotropy in these Fe SCs.Our results thus suggest that the interlayer interaction can not be neglected when considering the vortex pinning in Fe SCs.     

只有输出(入)的DEA改进模型及其应用

研究了只有输出(入)的DEA分析方法,针对只有输出(入)DEA模型的不足,重新定义了只有输出(入)的DEA评价方法的有效性,并改进了模型。相对已有的只有输出(入)的DEA模型,该模型充分利用了决策单元的诸输出(入),提高了DEA评价的效果。作为应用,运用新模型对武警防暴队形优选问题进行了有效性分析。     

胡麻卵磷脂鉴别检查与紫外吸收光谱定量分析

对精制胡麻卵磷脂进行了化学反应鉴别,反应呈阳性;并进行了酸值、碘值、丙酮不溶物、乙醇可溶物等项目的检查,结果表明各项指标达到国家标准.扫描胡麻卵磷脂样品和磷脂酰胆碱标准品红外光谱,结果表明样品与标准品在官能团区及指纹区吸收峰峰形及峰位置吻合.紫外光谱扫描发现胡麻卵磷脂样品207nm波长处有最大吸收,采用紫外吸收光谱法及校准曲线法,测定了样品中磷脂酰胆碱的含量;结果表明,在0.0102-0.0512mg/mL浓度范围内,磷脂酰胆碱吸光度与浓度呈现良好的线性关系(r=0.9904),平均回收率为99.09％(RSD=0.84％),样品中磷脂酰胆碱含量为88.6％ (RSD-0.36％).该方法具有良好的重现性和稳定性,为卵磷脂样品中磷脂酰胆碱含量的快速测定提供了参考依据.     

航空光谱相机反射镜部件的有限元分析

反射镜是光谱相机的关键元件,为保证在复杂环境下的成像质量,有必要对其进行研究分析以验证结构设计的可靠性。针对反射镜在工作中的面形变化及结构的动力学性能,应用有限元分析软件MSC.Nastran对反射镜部件进行了静力分析及随机振动分析。计算结果表明,装配时压紧力对反射镜面形变化影响明显,可根据计算结果指导装调;随机振动分析结果表明,反射镜部件结构设计可靠,符合结构破坏的3σ原则,能够满足成像对反射镜位置精度和面形精度的要求。