Near-field manipulation of terahertz surface waves by metasurfaces [Invited]

Surface waves(SWs) are a special form of electromagnetic waves that travel along the boundary between a metal and a dielectric. The special optical properties of SWs render them very attractive in applications, such as subdiffractional lithography, novel biochemical sensors, and ultrafast integrated circuitries. Herein, we present a review of our recent progress in excitation and manipulation of terahertz SWs due to interference or coupling between a pair of slit resonators in metasurfaces, showing the ability to devise ultrathin and compact plasmonic components.     

NiO-WO3纳米立方块的制备及在甲醛检测中的应用

采用一步水热合成法合成NiO-WO₃纳米立方块,以WO₃为主体,引入p型半导体NiO构建NiO-WO₃ p-n异质结。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对相应的微观结构进行了分析表征,表明产物为单斜相WO₃,由尺寸大小均匀的纳米立方块组成,平均粒径100 nm左右,引入NiO后WO₃纳米立方块的形貌基本保持不变。 将NiO-WO₃纳米立方块制成气敏元件并测验了其对甲醛气体的敏感特性。 气敏测试结果表明,构建NiO-WO₃异质结可显著地提高WO₃传感器对甲醛气体的敏感特性。 特别是5％NiO-WO₃异质结纳米立方块结构传感器,其在200 ℃下对0.134 mg/L甲醛的灵敏度达到18.5,且具有快速响应-恢复特性、良好的稳定性及对甲醛的良好选择性。 传感器性能提升的原因主是界面处p-n异质结的形成和NiO的高催化活性。     

固态多环芳烃化合物的THz时域光谱研究

利用太赫兹时域光谱技术室温下对芳烃化合物萘、联苯、葸、α-萘酚和β-萘酚在3-73cm^-1(0．1．2．2THz)频谱范围内进行了光谱测量。结果表明，多环芳烃化合物在此波段有不同的吸收特征。不能形成氢键的萘、联苯和蒽在67cm^-1(2．0THz)附近均有一吸收峰，这可能是由于分子之间的振动即晶格振动所引起的；而能够形成氢键的口一萘酚和卢．萘酚，其吸收峰可归结于分子间氢键的相互作用所引起的集体振动模式。1Hz时域光谱不仅能够鉴别分子结构存在微小差别的化合物而且还能鉴别同分异构体。     

南极菲尔德斯半岛六种藻类和地衣植物的X荧光分析

为了研究南极的植物与环境间的关系,探讨植物在南极环境监测中的作用。在无标样条件下,利用微束X荧光分析法对南极菲尔德斯半岛的6种藻类和地衣植物进行了元素分析．其中藻类植物有孔石莼(Ulva pertusa)、海膜（Halymenia sp.)和大型鞘丝藻（Lyngbya maijor),地衣植物有筛石蕊(Cladonia borealis)、喇叭石蕊（C.fimbriata)和松萝(Usnea sp.)．研究结果发现,不同的藻类植物对各种元素的吸收能力不同,在XRF（X射线荧光)谱中,孔石莼比海膜含有更多的元素,象As、Br和Rb,Cu和Zn的含量也较高。在大型鞘丝藻中,K比Ca少,Zn的含量较高．在3种地衣植物中,其XRF谱中的元素种类组成非常相似,只是Mn、Fe、Cu和Zn等元素的相对含量有些差异。     

固绿FCF分光光度法测替米沙坦的含量

在pH6.2的Britton-Robinson缓冲介质中,替米沙坦(TMST)与生物染色剂固绿FCF(FGF)反应,形成离子缔合物,溶液颜色发生明显改变,最大正、负吸收波长分别位于598、632 nm,从而建立光度法测定替米沙坦.在598、632 nm处,替米沙坦分别在0～1.35×10-5mol/,L、0～1.05×...     

Characterization of the nanopore structures of PAN-based carbon fiber precursors by small angle X-ray scattering

The nanopore structures in precursors are crucial to the performance of PAN-based carbon fibers. Four carbon-fiber precursors are prepared. They are bath-fed filaments (A), water-washing filaments (B), hot-stretching filaments (C) and drying-densification filaments (D). Synchrotron radiation small angle X-ray scattering is used to probe and compare the nanopore structures of the four fibers. The nanopore size, discrete volume distribution, nanopore orientation degree along the fiber axis and the porosity are obtained. The results demonstrate that the nanopores are mainly formed in the water-washing stage. During the processes of the subsequent production technologies, the slenderness ratio of nanopores and their orientation degree along the fiber axis increase further and simultaneously, the porosity decreases. These results are helpful for improving the performance of the final carbon fibers.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定畜禽毛发中利巴韦林及其代谢物

建立了一种测定畜禽毛发中利巴韦林及其代谢物1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-3-甲酰胺(TCONH2)残留的检测方法。1%十二烷基硫酸钠清洗毛发,2%甲酸-甲醇(2:98,V/V)溶液提取,13C-利巴韦林(13CRBV)内标法定量,乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷(PSA)和十八烷基硅烷(C18)基质分散净化,Agilent ZORBAX SB-Aq色谱柱分离,电喷雾串联质谱多反应监测模式测定。利巴韦林和TCONH2在毛发中线性关系良好(R^2>0.99)在2,10,100μg/kg3个添加水平下利巴韦林和代谢物TCONH2的回收率分别为101.5%~108.5%和98.5%~101.5%相对标准偏差均小于7%,检出限和定量限分别为0.2μg/kg和0.5μg/kg。该方法适合于畜禽毛发中违禁抗病毒药物利巴韦林及其代谢物TCONH2的测定。     

一类五次方振子系统的叉形分叉及振动共振研究

研究了一类具有分数阶导数阻尼的五次方振子系统中的叉形分叉及振动共振现象. 基于快慢变量分离法, 消去系统中的高频激励成分, 得到关于慢变量的等效系统, 根据等效系统中稳态平衡点的变化情况研究了系统的叉形分叉现象. 结果表明: 高频信号幅值的递增变化会引起亚临界叉形分叉, 高频信号频率和分数阶导数阻尼阶数的递增变化都会引起超临界叉形分叉; 振动共振和叉形分叉是关联的, 当叉形分叉发生时, 振动共振曲线会出现两个峰值, 否则只会出现一个峰值. 通过解析结果和数值模拟结果的对比, 验证了解析分析的正确性. 关键词： 亚临界叉形分叉 超临界叉形分叉 分数阶导数阻尼 振动共振     

Hierarchical structure and biomineralization in cricket teeth

The cricket is a truculent insect with stiff and sharp teeth as a fighting weapon. The structure and possible biomineralization of cricket teeth are always interesting. Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and small angle X-ray scattering techniques were used to probe the element distribution, possible crystalline structures and size distribution of scatterers in cricket teeth. A scanning electron microscope was used to observe the nanoscaled structure. The results demonstrate that Zn is the main heavy element in cricket teeth. The surface of a cricket tooth has a crystalline compound like ZnFe2(AsO4)2(OH)2(H2O)4 . The interior of the tooth has a crystalline compound like ZnCl2 , which is from the biomineralization. The ZnCl2-like biomineral forms nanoscaled microfibrils and their axial direction points towards the top of the tooth cusp. The microfibrils aggregate randomly into intermediate filaments, forming a hierarchical structure. A sketch map of the cricket tooth cusp is proposed and a detailed discussion is given in this paper.     

液-液驱替动力学研究

Marangoni效应是一种液体在界面张力梯度作用下的自发流动行为.液体界面上液体的Marangoni效应在工程技术领域具有重要作用.本文使用硅油作为驱动液体,正十六烷作为被驱动液体,十二烷基硫酸钠溶液作为液体基底,通过高速相机捕捉正十六烷受驱动铺展的整个过程,研究了三相液体系统中液滴的Marangoni效应.实验发现,正十六烷在硅油的驱动下从内向外铺展,形成液体圆环.本文根据正十六烷圆环内、外边界铺展行为,分析了正十六烷内边界和外边界的铺展原理,并研究了滴入硅油体积对于铺展过程的影响.研究发现,正十六烷内边界铺展与单一液滴的铺展规律相同,正十六烷内边界前期铺展由重力主导,内边界铺展标度律在R～t^1/4到R～t^1/2范围.随后铺展由界面张力梯度主导,内边界铺展标度律为R～t^3/4.因内边界铺展受重力影响,内边界的铺展速度与硅油体积成正相关.而正十六烷外边界在硅油驱动下,因接触角改变而产生界面张力梯度,在界面张力梯度作用下外边界铺展标度律为R～t^3/4.