GISAXS and SAXS studies on the spatial structures of Co nanowire arrays

The spatial structures of magnetic Co nanowire array embedded in anodic aluminium membranes were investigated by grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and conventional small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. Compared with SEM observation, the GISAXS and SAXS measurements can get more overall structural information in a large-area scale. In this study, the two-dimensional GISAXS pattern was well reconstructed by using the IsGISAXS program. The results demonstrate that the hexagonal lattice formed by the Co nanowires is distorted (a ≈ 105 nm, b ≈ 95 nm). These Co nanowires are isolated into many structure domains with different orientations with a size of about 2 μm. The SAXS results have also confirmed that the nanopore structures in the AAM can be retained after depositing Co nanowires although the Co nanowires can not completely but only just fill up the nanopores. These results are helpful for understanding the global structure of the Co nanowire array.     

Characterization of the nanopore structures of PAN-based carbon fiber precursors by small angle X-ray scattering

The nanopore structures in precursors are crucial to the performance of PAN-based carbon fibers. Four carbon-fiber precursors are prepared. They are bath-fed filaments (A), water-washing filaments (B), hot-stretching filaments (C) and drying-densification filaments (D). Synchrotron radiation small angle X-ray scattering is used to probe and compare the nanopore structures of the four fibers. The nanopore size, discrete volume distribution, nanopore orientation degree along the fiber axis and the porosity are obtained. The results demonstrate that the nanopores are mainly formed in the water-washing stage. During the processes of the subsequent production technologies, the slenderness ratio of nanopores and their orientation degree along the fiber axis increase further and simultaneously, the porosity decreases. These results are helpful for improving the performance of the final carbon fibers.     

催化不对称光诱导自由基反应

自由基反应的立体选择性调控一直是不对称催化领域的挑战性难题.近年来,光化学过程特别是可见光化学过程在有机合成中越来越受到研究人员的重视,光诱导自由基化学也再次进入人们的视野.相对传统的自由基化学,光诱导自由基化学反应条件温和,易于调控,为实现高效催化不对称自由基反应带来了新的契机,展示了蓬勃的发展潜力.本文根据光诱导产生自由基种类的不同,简要介绍最近该方向的研究进展.     

三垂线定理(1)

1　教材分析“三垂线定理”是高中立体几何中的重要内容之一 ,它是判断空间两直线垂直的一种重要方法 ,同时也是求作二面角平面角的主要方法 .翻开历年高考试卷可以看出 ,几乎每年的立体几何试题都考查了三垂线定理 (或其逆定理 )的应用 ,“叙述并且证明三垂线定理”就曾是一道高考题 (八二年 ) .我们知道 ,立体几何研究空间元素间位置关系与数量关系的基本思想是转化 (降维思想 ) ,即空间直线与平面、平面与平面的问题都转化为对两条直线的研究 ,空间关系转化到某个平面上 ,利用平面几何的知识来解决 .而垂直这种特殊的位置关系又是研究的…