Individual eye model based on wavefront aberration

Based on the widely used Gullstrand-Le Grand eye model, the individual human eye model has been established here, which has individual corneal data, anterior chamber depth and the eyeball depth. Furthermore, the foremost thing is that the wavefront aberration calculated from the individual eye model is equal to the eye's wavefront aberration measured with the Hartmann-shack wavefront sensor. There are four main steps to build the model. Firstly, the corneal topography instrument was used to measure the corneal surfaces and depth. And in order to input cornea into the optical model, high-order aspheric surface-Zernike Fringe Sag surface was chosen to fit the corneal surfaces. Secondly, the Hartmann-shack wavefront sensor, which can offer the Zernike polynomials to describe the wavefront aberration, was built to measure the wavefront aberration of the eye. Thirdly, the eye's axial lengths among every part were measured with A-ultrasonic technology. Then the data were input into the optical design software–ZEMAX and the crystalline lens's shapes were optimized with the aberration as the merit function. The individual eye model, which has the same wavefront aberrations with the real eye, is established.     

超轻小型投影式头盔显示系统折-衍混合物镜设计

在一个7片物镜的基础上,设计出一个折射和一个5片镜的折衍混合投影物镜系统,并给出了详细设计过程及性能评价。系统针对33.02 mm(1.3英寸)微显示器设计,视场为56°,出瞳直径为10 mm,出瞳距离为25mm。设计的折射系统和折衍混合系统的镜头直径分别为28 mm和22.4 mm,重量分别只有33 g和11.9 g,且最大畸变分别为3.2%和0.17%,分辨率满足SXGA显示模式。两系统均满足投影式头盔显示器在交互环境、医学可视化训练和数字化个兵等领域的使用要求。     

Improvement of holographic recording property of a Ce: KNSBN crystal by the moving grating technique

The moving grating technique is applied to improve the holographic recording property of the Ce: KNSBN crystal. In the case of extraordinarily polarized recording, the diffraction efficiency at large fringe modulations is enhanced by a factor of up to 35% at the optimum fringe velocity and the fringe modulation dynamic range is improved from m = 0.2 to m = 0.6. In the case of ordinarily polarized recording, a linear holographic reconstruction in the range of m ≤ 0.8 can be achieved by the moving grating at a fringe velocity of 9.6 nm/s. These results are significant in holography where a grey-level object needs to be recorded and reconstructed with high fidelity.     

有效介质近似在Cu-MgF2复合纳米颗粒薄膜光学性质中的适用性研究

采用射频磁控共溅射技术制备了Cu体积分数分别为15%和30%的Cu-MgF2复合纳米颗粒薄膜。透射电镜形貌图像表明,薄膜由不同形状的Cu晶态纳米微粒镶嵌于主要为非晶态的MgF2陶瓷基体中构成。用椭偏光谱技术计算得到Cu-MgF2复合薄膜在270~830 nm波段的光学常数谱。用考虑颗粒形状效应的有效介质近似计算得到Cu-MgF2复合薄膜在相同波段的光学常数谱。把两样品的透射电镜形貌图像与光学常数理论谱、实验谱相结合,分析讨论了Cu-MgF2复合薄膜的光学特性。结果表明:去极化因子取值0.33的麦克斯韦噶尼特(Maxwell-Garnett)模型可以较好地解释Cu体积分数为15%的Cu-MgF2复合薄膜的光学性质,而去极化因子取值0.6的布鲁格曼(Bruggeman)模型可以较好地解释Cu体积分数为30%的Cu-MgF2复合薄膜的光学性质。     

泽尼克各项像差对人眼光学质量的影响

基于两个人眼光学质量客观评价标准同心相对瞳孔平面(PFWc)和区域调制传递函数(Marea MTF),研究和分析了波前像差均方根值WRMS处于0.05~1.00μm较大范围内泽尼克各项像差对人眼光学质量的影响。分析结果表明,泽尼克各项在WRMS一定时,瞳孔中心区域的光学质量差距明显,离焦(C4)和球差(C12)项的MPFWc值最小,而五叶草(C15、C20)项的MPFWc值最大。五叶草项在WRMS值处于0.05~1.00μm的范围内,其Marea MTF值均大于0.94,表明该像差项对光学质量的影响可以忽略。MPFWc值和Marea MTF值随着WRMS值的增大而减小,但不是简单的线性关系,随着WRMS值的增大,它们的变化趋于平缓。各项泽尼克像差对人眼光学质量的影响存在较大差别,对人眼光学质量的影响从大到小依次为:球差、离焦、散光、彗差、三叶草、四叶草、五叶草等。     

用于头盔显示器的折/衍混合目镜设计

设计了一个用于头盔显示器的40°目镜,由两片镜组成,其中含有一个二元衍射面和一个非球面.该折/衍目镜具有10 mm的出瞳直径和25 mm的出瞳距离,结构紧凑,总重量仅为16.6 g.像差特性优于传统的折射目镜,轴上视场传递函数良好,适用于SXGA分辨率的显示.     

基于二元光学的红外成像光谱仪离轴系统设计

对Lyons采用二元光学元件的红外成像光谱仪的设计理论进行了分析，为消除其二元光学元件作为透射式成像元件导致的焦距随波长的变化而变化的缺陷.提出将离轴三反射镜系统与具有二元光学透镜的变焦距系统相结合的新技术方案，并从军事目标的红外热探测的基本要求出发，给出了具体的设计实例.设计结果表明，系统具有设计精巧、结构简单、光能接收率高、消像差特性好、对材料的要求低以及满意的红外焦平面凝视阵列探测器的配准精度和探测精度.     

蚀刻表面面形的分析

采用一个有效的数学模型,分析了在蚀刻工艺中基底自身面形轮廓的曲线形状对基底局部区域的蚀刻速率产生的影响,并通过对数学模型的理论分析和计算机模拟得出受此影响而产生的面形形状,并将结果与实验进行对比.利用这个数学模型对使用离子束蚀刻制作单台阶光栅的台阶与沟槽部分的表面面形随时间的演变过程进行了计算机模拟分析,并通过把理论结果与在实验中得到的蚀刻表面在原子力显微镜(AFM)下拍摄的照片进行比较,结果说明这种模拟分析能够保证对该问题分析所要求的精度,从而也证明了理论模型的合理性和正确性.     

光电成象系统中的积分抽样效应

光电成象系统涉及空间和时间上的积分和抽样.本文从理论上研究了光电成象系统中的抽样的空间积分效应和前置光学滤波的影响.结果发现前置光学滤波可以等效为抽样象元的空间积分抽样效应.这一原理对设计光电成象系统具有指导意义.利用这一原理也可以改善光电成象系统获取图象的质量.     

Precise engineering and visualization of signs and magnitudes of DNA writhe on the basis of PNA invasion

It is demonstrated that the right and left handedness of DNA supercoils can be engineered precisely and readily at the molecular level in vitro through utilization of the invading property of peptide nucleic acid.