基于灰度投影改进的电子稳像

针对灰度投影算法运用于存在局部运动目标的情况下,稳像效果较差并且可能产生错稳这一问题,在分析灰度投影基本理论的基础上,提出一种改进的灰度投影算法:局部运动物体位置估计方法和像素替代法。利用灰度值的改变和像素替代的方法,把局部运动物体去除,再进行稳像处理。通过实验验证,该方法可以解决图像中存在运动物体时发生的错稳情况。比较改进前与改进后的稳像效果,改进后的PSRN（峰值信噪比）提高了1.35。     

碳纳米管表面金纳米线的结构与热稳定性分析

用分子动力学方法研究了覆盖在碳纳米管表面的金原子所形成的结构及其热稳定性. 研究结果表明,金原子在碳纳米管表面能形成多样而稳定的结构：当金原子覆盖率低于15.91% 时,形成金纳米颗粒; 当原子覆盖率为15.91%~104.98% 时,形成一系列的壳层结构; 而当原子覆盖率大于104.98% 时,则呈现晶体金的面心立方结构. 在对有碳纳米管支撑的金纳米壳层结构的热稳定性进行研究后, 发现其熔点高于金纳米颗粒的熔点而且低于金纳米线的熔点.     

水热法ZnO晶体特征研究

ZnO具有优良的综合性能使其成为极有前途的下一代光电材料,水热法是一种重要的生长ZnO晶体的方法.本文对水热法生长的面积约150mm2的ZnO晶体进行了报道,研究了晶体不同方向的生长速度、形貌特征和光学性能.X射线摇摆曲线表明晶体的质量较好.对于光学性质的分析表明晶体生长时加入H2O2能显著提高晶体的质量.494nm附近的发光带可能与氧空位有关.520nm的发光可能与Na或者Si所形成的杂质能级跃迁有关.     

Quantum circuits for realizing deterministic and exact teleportation via two partially entangled pairs of particles

Deterministic and exact teleportation can be achieved via two partially entangled pairs of particles [Gu Y J 2006 {\em Opt. Comm.} {\bf 259} 385]. The key point of the protocol is a generalized measurement described by a positive operator-valued measure, which can be realized by performing a unitary operation in the extended space and a conventional Von Neumann orthogonal measurement. By decomposing the evolution process from the initial state to the final state, we construct the quantum circuits for realizing the unitary operation with quantum Toffoli gates, and thus provide a physical means to realize the teleportation. Our method for constructing quantum circuits differs from the usual methods based on decomposition of unitary matrices, and is convenient for a large class of quantum processes involving generalized measurements.     

Sm金属富勒烯的高效提取和电化学性质研究

在金属富勒烯 [1]的形成过程中 ,存在从金属到碳笼的电子转移 .La系金属富勒烯中 ,金属原子转移 2或 3个电子给碳笼形成 + 2或 + 3价的金属离子和带有大量负电荷的碳笼 .尽管如此 ,金属富勒烯仍具有良好的接受电子的能力 [2 ,3] .大多数的 La系金属富勒烯 ( Y,La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,L u)的电化学方法研究表明 ,它们可以接受 5到 6个电子 ,但是 ,Sm的金属富勒烯的氧化还原性质尚未见报道 ,其主要原因是 Sm金属富勒烯的合成产率低 ,仅是 La金属富勒烯的 7% ,从而使得其分离非常困难 ,需要通过多步 HPLC循环才能得到 [4 ,5] ,高…     

物质结构教学中虚拟与实体模型的比较研究

本文研究比较虚拟与实体模型在中学化学物质结构教学中作用的目的,就是试图帮助学生建构正确的空间图像思维,尝试鼓励和引导学生建构正确的物质结构思维模式,这对于提高学生的思维品质有很大帮助。     

Teleportation of a three—particle entangled W state

We have investigated the problem of teleporting a three-particle entangled W state and we propose a scheme based on entanglement spapping to complete the teleportation.We also put forward a scheme for the teleportation of a general W state by using nonmaximally entangled quantum channels.The probability of success of the latter scheme is obtained.     

Implementation of nonlocal quantum swap operation on two entangled pairs

We propose a scheme for the implementation of nonlocal quantum swap operation on two spatially separated entangled pairs and we show that the operation can swap two qubits of these entangled pairs.We discuss the resources of the entangled qubits and classical communication bits required for the optimal implementation of the nonlocal quantum swap operation.We also put forward a scheme for probabilistic implementation of nonlocal swap operation via a nonmaximally entangled quantum channel.The probability of a successful nonlocal swap operation is obtained by introducing a collective unitary transformation.     

Field—ion microscopy observation of single—walled carbon nanotubes

Field-ion microscopy(FIM),a tool for surface analysis with atomic resolution,has been employed to observe the end structure of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs).FIM images revealed the existence of open SWCNT ends,Amorphous carbon atoms were also observed to occur around SWCNTs and traditional field evaporation failed to remove them.Heat treatment was found to be efficacious in altering the end structures of SWCNT bundles.Carbon and oxygen atoms released from heated tungsten filament are believed to be responsible for the decoration imposed on the SWCNT ends.     

可用至3.5V的碳纳米管阵列超级电容器

应用化学气相沉积在钽片和不锈钢片表面直接生长碳纳米管阵列(CNTA)制备超级电容器电极,并分别作正、负极组装有机体系扣式电容器.扫描电子显微镜、循环伏安、恒电流充放电和交流阻抗表征、测试材料的微观形貌和电化学性能.结果表明,该电容器可获得高达3.5 V的工作电压,较长的循环寿命,较好的倍率性能.基于CNTA质量的比功率和比能量性能分别为928 kW.kg-1和19 Wh.kg-1.