温和条件下混合碱辅助水热合成硅酸镁纳米管

在混和碱的辅助下, 以普通氢氧化镁和二氧化硅粉末为原料在温和条件下高效合成硅酸镁纳米管。采用XRD, TEM, FTIR, 氮气吸附等多种手段对产物进行了表征, 并对其合成过程进行了研究。结果表明氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾的共融液能提高反应物间的溶解性, 促进反应可以在温和条件下加快进行。250℃下合成硅酸镁纳米管, 传统水热法至少需要7 d, 混合辅助水热合成只需36 h。与传统的水热法相比, 混和碱辅助的水热法是一种温和且高效的过程。     

定积分在高考试题中的应用

一、定义 设L为平面上光滑或逐段光滑连续曲线，f（x，y）为定义在L上的函数．对曲线L作分割T．它把L分成n个小段△Li（i=1，2，…，n），     

聚合物费米型截面阵列波导光栅的优化设计

利用微扰理论给出"等效矩形波导法",分析了费米型截面硅基聚合物阵列波导光栅的传输特性.模拟表明,波导的费米型截面将使阵列波导光栅的传输光谱产生漂移、并使串扰增大.为了消除光谱漂移、减小串扰、实现正常的解复用功能,对阵列波导光栅的结构参量进行了重新优化.结果表明,重新设计的费米型截面聚合物阵列波导光栅的光谱响应和串扰恢复到初始设计的聚合物矩形截面阵列波导光栅的水平.     

堰塞湖坝体稳定性研究现状及展望

2008年5月12日汶川发生里氏8.0级大地震,在灾区形成了30多个堰塞湖,严重威胁了下游人民群众的生命财产安全,引起了世人对堰塞湖坝体稳定的高度关注。本文在前人研究的基础上,从地形地貌、诱发原因、寿命三个方面总结了堰塞湖坝体形成及存在的机理。重点分析总结了目前堰塞湖坝体稳定性的研究进展,指出影响坝体稳定性的内因为堰塞坝的形态与规模、物质组成与结构,外因为堰塞湖湖水体积; 总结了前人关于影响坝体稳定性的关键因素以及室内模型试验的研究成果。最后分析了目前研究存在的问题,展望了未来的研究方向。     

Tunable wavelength filters using polymer long-period waveguide gratings based on metal-cladding directly defined technique

In this work, long-period waveguide grating-based tunable wavelength filters using organic–inorganic grafting poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) materials are designed and fabricated by metal-cladding directly defined technique.The thermal stabilities and optical properties of the organic–inorganic grafting PMMA core materials are analyzed. Structures and performance parameters of the waveguide gratings and self-electrode heaters are designed and simulated. The contrast of the filter is about 15 d B and the resonant wavelength can be tuned by different electric powers applied to the metal-cladding self-electrode heaters. The temperature sensitivity is 3.5 nm/℃ and the switching time is about 1 ms. The technique is very suitable for realizing the optoelectronic integrated wavelength-division-multiplexing systems.     

All polymer asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer waveguide sensor by imprinting bonding and laser polishing

We present an all polymer asymmetric Mach–Zehnder interferometer(AMZI) waveguide sensor based on imprinting bonding and laser polishing method. The fabrication methods are compatible with high accuracy waveguide sensing structure. The rectangle waveguide structure of this sensor has three sensing surfaces contacting the test media, and its sensing accuracy can be increased 5 times compared with that of one surface sensing structure. An AMZI device structure is designed. The single mode condition, the length of the sensing arm, and the length deviation between the sensing arm and the reference arm are optimized. The length deviation is optimized to be 19.8 μm in a refractive index range between1.470 and 1.545. We fabricate the AMZI waveguide by lithography and wet etching method. The imprinting bonding and laser polishing method is proposed and investigated. The insertion loss is between-80.36 dB and-10.63 dB. The average and linear sensitivity are 768.1 d B/RIU and 548.95 dB/RIU, respectively. And the average and linear detection resolution of the sensor are 1.30×10~(-6) RIU(RIU: refractive index unit) and 1.82×10~(-5) RIU, respectively. This sensor has a fast and cost-effective fabrication process which can be used in the cases of requiring portability and disposability.     

双振荡场产生正负电子对的理论研究

在强电磁场下真空产生正负电子对的研究中,多场的组合扮演重要的角色.本文运用计算量子场论方法在全时空数值求解狄拉克方程,研究了两个空间分离的局域化振荡电场击穿真空产生正负电子对的过程.结果表明通过选取合适的场参数,两场的相互作用可以显著增强正负电子对的产生.两场的相互作用使产生正负电子对的动量分布曲线出现了周期性的振荡,并导致了非对称的多光子跃迁过程.通过含时微扰理论分析得出,正负电子对的动量分布的周期性振荡可由电场宽度、电场频率和两场间距共同决定.两场间距能够改变正负电子对动量分布的变化周期,随着两场间距的增大,产生正负电子对的动量(能量)的单一性得到优化;电场宽度不仅影响正负电子对动量分布的峰谷高度差,还会改变其在动量空间峰值的展宽;根据能量守恒定律,电场频率的增大使得产生粒子对的动量随之变大.因此,通过选择合适电场参数可以抑制或加强特定动量分布的正负电子对,这为今后的实验设计提供了重要的理论指导.     

The 650-nm variable optical attenuator based on polymer/silica hybrid waveguide

Visible light variable optical attenuators(VOA) are essential devices in the application of channel power regulation and equalization in wavelength-division multiplexing cross-connect nodes in plastic optical fiber(POF) transmission systems.In this paper, a polymer/silica hybrid waveguide thermo–optic attenuator based on multimode interference(MMI) coupler is designed and fabricated to operate at 650 nm. The single-mode transmission condition, MMI coupler, and transition taper dimensions are optimized through the beam propagation method. Thermal analysis based on material properties provides the optimized heater placement angle. The fabricated VOA presents an attenuation of 26.5 dB with a 21-mW electrical input power at 650 nm. The rise time and fall time are 51.99 and 192 μs, respectively. The time–stability measurement results prove its working reliability.     

Ag2CO3/ZnBiO复合材料的制备及可见光催化性能的研究

采用新型一锅溶胶-凝胶法制备了Zn掺杂的β-Bi_2O_3(记为ZnBiO),并以ZnBiO为前驱体,利用简单的化学沉淀法制备了不同质量比的Ag_2CO_3/ZnBiO复合材料.通过XRD、SEM、DRS和PL对样品的晶体结构、微观形貌、光吸收能力及荧光性质进行了表征,并通过可见光催化降解亚甲基蓝实验探讨了Ag_2CO_3/ZnBiO复合材料的光催化作用机制.     

退火温度对纳米氧化铜湿敏性能的影响

湿度传感器在生产和生活中扮演着不容小觑的角色,越来越受到人们的广泛关注.本文利用低温液相法以氢氧化钠、过硫酸铵和铜粉为原料,成功制备出氧化铜纳米结构.运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)等技术对材料的结构与形貌进行表征,发现可以通过退火温度来调控氧化铜纳米结构的表面形貌,进一步比较研究了不同退火温度下制备的纳米氧化铜的湿敏性能.并将CuO纳米材料涂敷在电极表面制成了湿敏元件.研究结果表明,元件的湿敏特性明显与材料的退火温度密切相关,在500℃退火获得的氧化铜纳米线灵敏度最高,达到1.93×10~5;湿滞最小,几乎为零;感湿频率特性曲线的线性度好.分析认为这主要是由于,退火温度500℃时,氧化铜呈现纳米线状结构,具有更大的表面积,增加了与水分子的接触面积,进而具有更佳的湿敏特性.