1.5μm LUMINESCENCE CHARACTERISTIC OF ERBIUM IN B, P DOPED a-SiO:H FILMS

Hydrogenated amorphous silicon films co-doped with oxygen (O), boron (B) and phosphorus (P) were fabricated using PECVD technique. The erbium (Er) implanted samples were annealed in a N₂ ambient by rapid thermal annealing. Strong photoluminescence (PL) spectra of these samples were observed at room temperature. The incorporation of O, B and P could not only enhance the PL intensity but also the thermal annealing temperature of the strongest PL intensity. It seems that the incorporation of B or P can decrease the grain boundary potential barriers thus leading to an easier movement of carriers and a stronger PL intensity. Temperature dependence of PL indicated the thermal quenching of Er-doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon is very weak.     

Studies on Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Li1+δNi1-xCoxO2-yFy Cathode Materials for Lithium-ion Rechargeable Batteries

It is a technological problem of LiNiO2 cathode material for lithium-ion secondary batteries because of the difficult preparation and hard purification, instable performance, remarkable capacity fading at initial discharge, worse thermal stability and safety of Ni-series cathode materials,and it is also the key factor of hindering LiNiO2 cathode material from practical applications.Recently, by doping some metal cations such as Co, Mn, Mg, Al, Cr and so on[1-5] into LiNiO2, the preparation difficulty and the purification hardness can be obviously improved, and the initial irreversible discharge capacity can be reduced, and the ratio of the initial discharge to charge capacity can be enhanced. But the cyclic stability, thermal stability and safety of LiNiO2 are not enough to satisfy the demand of commercial use.At present, the synthesis of LiNiO2 cathode material must be sintered under oxygen atmosphere in most cases, and the improved effect of fluoride doping on the electrochemical properties of LiNiO2 has seldom been reported in the literatures.In this paper, the cobalt cation and fluorine anion co-doping cathode materials Li1+δNi1-xCoxO2-yFy( 0≤δ≤0.2, 0≤x≤0.5, 0≤y≤0.1 ) were synthesized by solid state reaction method at 650℃ ～750℃ under air atmosphere, and characterized by XRD、 SEM、 TEM、 BET、 laser particle-size distribution measurement and electrochemical performance testing, the effect of different nickel sources on the properties of as-synthesized cathode materials was investigated. The results demonstrated that the cobalt and fluorine ions co-doping cathode materials Li1+δNi1-xCoxO2-yFy have complete layered structure, uniform surface morphology and better particle-size distribution as well as excellent electrochemical performances. At 20～25℃, 0.15～0.25mA charge and discharge current,4.25～2.70V cut-off voltage, 0.2～0.5C charge and discharge rate and 0.2～0.5 mA/cm2 current density,LiNi0.8Co0.2O1.95F0.05 cathode material has higher initial charge and discharge capacity and better cyclic properties which can be mainly attributed to the doping of the higher electronegativity fluorine which improves the structural stability and the synergistic reaction of cobalt and fluorine ions co-doping on the cathode materials. Under the above conditions, the initial charge and discharge capacity of LiNi0.8Co0.2O1.95F0.05 is 165.70mAh/g and 146.10mAh/g, respectively. After 50 cycles, it has more than 140mAh/g of discharge capacity and displays preliminary application possibility in the future.     

Yb^3+含量对掺Er^3+铝酸盐玻璃光谱性质的影响

采用高温熔融法制备百分比为(100-x)(23.6Al2O3-53CaO-7.7BaO-2.1Na2O-10.3Ga2O3-3.1B2O-0.2Er2O3)-xYb2O3(x=0,0.9,1.9,2.8,3.6,4.5)的铝酸盐玻璃。应用差示扫描量热法、吸收光谱、荧光光谱、红外光谱以及拉曼光谱等检测手段,系统研究了不同Yb^3+离子引入量对玻璃的物性、热稳定性、Er^3+离子光谱性质和结构的影响。结果表明,Yb2O3含量越高,玻璃的密度和折射率越大,抗析晶能力有所增强。随着Yb2O3的增加,玻璃在976 nm吸收系数增大,对应于Er^3+离子的2H11/2→4I15/2、4S3/2→4I15/2以及4F9/2→4I15/2跃迁的527,549,666 nm的上转换发光、红光与绿光发光强度比以及对应于4I13/2→4I15/2的1.53μm近红外荧光强度明显增加。当Yb2O3浓度为3.6%时,铝酸盐玻璃样品在近红外1.53μm荧光最强,此时Yb^3+→Er^3+正向能量传递效率η1最大,约为82.9%。该系列铝酸盐玻璃中Er3+离子1.53μm最大发射截面为0.77×10^-20 cm^2,荧光半高宽最大值为39.4 nm,荧光寿命最大值为4.46 ms。     

近紫外激发单基质白光荧光粉NaLaMgWO6∶Dy^3+/Bi^3+的制备及能量传递

采用高温固相法制备了一系列单基质荧光粉NaLa1-x-yMgWO6∶xDy3+/yBi3+(x=0.01,0.02,0.04,0.06;y=0.01,0.02,0.04,0.06)。通过对Dy3+/Bi3+双掺杂浓度进行优化,Bi3+离子的掺杂不仅可以有效增强荧光粉的发光强度,还实现了发光颜色的可调。通过对系列NaLaMgWO6∶xDy3+/0.02Bi3+样品的荧光衰减曲线的分析可知,Dy3+离子浓度从1%增加到6%,Bi3+离子的荧光寿命逐渐减少,从而有力地证明了NaLaMgWO6∶Bi3+/Dy3+荧光粉中存在Bi3+→Dy3+的能量传递过程。另外,通过电多极相互作用公式计算可知,Bi3+→Dy3+能量传递过程为偶极-偶极的相互作用,最优Bi3+/Dy3+掺杂样品的能量传递效率达到42.67%。在紫外光的有效激发下,通过改变Dy3+离子掺杂浓度,NaLaMgWO6∶Bi3+/Dy3+荧光粉可以实现白光发射。研究证明NaLaMgWO6∶Bi3+/Dy3+荧光粉是一种具有潜在应用前景的白光发光材料。     

硼协同掺杂金刚石单晶的高温高压合成

金刚石是一种具有优异性能的极限性超硬多功能材料。人工合成的金刚石可通过掺杂的方式使其具有各种独特的性质。掺硼金刚石兼具p型半导体的导电特性和金刚石自身优良的物理和化学性能,在国防、医疗、勘探、科研等领域具有极高的应用价值。本文基于本课题组高温高压(HPHT)法合成的系列掺硼金刚石以及硼协同掺杂金刚石单晶,进行了硼掺杂金刚石、硼氢协同掺杂金刚石以及硼氮协同掺杂金刚石的合成和性能特征等方面的研究。通过表征合成样品在光学、电学方面的性能,探讨了不同掺杂添加剂对合成金刚石性能的影响,为合成高性能的半导体金刚石提供了思路。     

Size dependence rectification performances induced by boron and nitrogen co-doping in rhombic graphene nanoribbons

Rectification performances of rhombic graphene nanoribbons coupled to gold electrodes through thiolate bonds with left and right vertical carbon atoms substituted by one nitrogen or boron atom are analyzed by performing theoretical calculations using a self-consistent ab initio approach that combines the density functional theory with the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. Increasing the size of graphene nanoribbon markedly improves the rectification effect because of the asymmetric potential profile distribution in rhombic graphene for polarization near the boron and nitrogen atoms.     

钆钪铝石榴石单晶缺陷的微观形貌与成因研究

采用提拉法生长了2%Dy³⁺和1%Tb³⁺(原子数分数)共掺的钆钪铝石榴石激光晶体(Gd₃Sc₂Al₃O₁₂, GSAG)。研究了晶体(111)晶面的腐蚀缺陷形貌并对缺陷形成机理进行了解释,讨论了晶体缺陷的特征形貌与晶体结构之间的关系。表征并计算了晶体(111)晶面的维氏硬度和莫氏硬度,在0.2 kgf载荷和10 s保荷时间条件下,晶体(111)面的维氏硬度为1 267 kg/mm²,对应的莫氏硬度为7.3。研究结果对揭示混晶石榴石晶体中缺陷的成因和探索高品质晶体生长与加工工艺具有一定的参考价值。     

低余辉碘化铯闪烁晶体的生长与性能研究

低余辉碘化铯晶体的开发对于碘化铯晶体在现代安检及医疗CT设备中的应用具有十分重要的意义。本文首先通过原料纯化处理,去掉对晶体余辉有明显影响的杂质,然后采用共掺杂的方式,以改进的布里奇曼法生长低余辉碘化铯晶体,研究了该晶体的闪烁性能。研究结果表明,该方法获得的碘化铯晶体的余辉值约0.31%@50 ms,远低于常规碘化铯晶体的余辉值。     

铈和磷钨酸共掺杂纳米二氧化钛中空纤维的制备及其光催化活性

以棉花纤维为模板,以钛酸四正丁酯、硝酸铈铵和磷钨酸为原料采用模板法制备了一系列铈和磷钨酸共掺杂的、具有中空纤维结构的TiO₂光催化材料, 利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、BET和紫外-可见光谱等技术对其形貌、晶体结构及表面结构、光吸收特性等进行了表征. 以苯酚溶液的光催化降解为模型反应,考察了不同掺杂量的样品在紫外和可见光下的光催化性能. 结果表明,用模板法制备的TiO₂纤维材料具有中空结构,共掺杂的TiO₂纤维在紫外和可见光条件下较纯TiO₂纤维和单掺杂TiO₂纤维对苯酚溶液具有更好的光催化降解效果, 且铈和磷钨酸的掺杂量显著影响该纤维材料的催化性能;当铈掺杂量为0.3mol%和磷钨酸掺杂量为2mol%,在500 oC焙烧2 h所得中空纤维材料的催化性能最佳,4 h即可使苯酚溶液的降解率达98.5%;重复使用4次仍可使苯酚溶液的降解率保持在87%以上,且该催化剂材料易于离心分离去除.     

原位碳、氮共掺杂二氧化钛空心球的制备与可见光光催化性能

在H₂O₂-HF 的乙醇-水混合溶液中, 通过水热处理碳氮化钛(TiCN)制备了碳、氮共掺杂TiO₂ 空心球(CNTH). 用X 射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱表征了所制备的样品. 在可见光(λ≥400 nm)照射下, 通过降解甲基蓝检测了碳、氮共掺杂TiO₂空心球的光催化活性. 结果表明, 源于TiCN中的部分碳和氮原子原位掺入了TiO₂的晶格中, 部分碳掺入TiO₂点阵的间隙中. 该材料在整个可见光区展示了增强的可见光吸收, 其带边明显红移. 光催化研究表明在强可见光吸收和独特的空心球结构的协同作用下, 碳、氮共掺杂TiO₂空心球展示了比P25更高的可见光光催化活性.