Effect of pH, temperature and solvent mole ratio on solubility of disodium 5′-guanylate in water + ethanol system

Solubility of disodium 5′-guanylate in water + ethanol binary solvent mixtures was determined by a gravimetric method in the temperature range from 283.15 K to 323.15 K, pH range from 8 to 10 and at different water/ethanol mole ratios. The effects of pH, temperature and water/ethanol mole ratio on the solubility were investigated in detail. The modified Apelblat model and the combined nearly ideal binary solvent (CNIBS)/Redlich-Kister model were selected to correlate the experimental data. The results showed that the experimental data was satisfactorily correlated by the (CNIBS)/Redlich-Kister model, but for the modified Apelblat model, the correlation was not so satisfactory in some cases.     

A novel method for the determination of diffusion coefficients in amorphous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)

A novel approach is proposed for the determination of the diffusion coefficient of certain drugs in amorphous poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), which can be a reliable alternative to the conventional permeation based measurements. The method requires the preparation of PHB films with various concentrations of the drug and if the latter absorbs in the visible wavelength range, its concentration gradient in the polymer film as well as the time dependence of the latter can be analyzed quantitatively by following changes in color. Color can be converted into concentration with the help of adequate calibration and thus the dependence of additive concentration on space (x) and time (t), i.e. the c(x,t) function, can be determined relatively easily. The fitting of the numerical solution of Fick's second law onto the measured values provides directly the targeted diffusion coefficient. The comparison of diffusion coefficients obtained by the proposed approach to values published in the literature proved that the new method provides reliable results and requires reasonable time and effort at the same time.     

注塑制品残余应力的研究进展

由于实际工艺条件往往与理想值存在一定偏差,制品在成形后通常会存在一些难以避免的缺陷,而残余应力正是最为常见的一种。注塑制品的残余应力是在注塑成形过程中,外界约束去除后,仍存在于塑件内部的应力,在后期使用过程中容易引起塑件的翘曲、变形、乃至断裂破损,多数情况下对制品不利。因此,在塑料制品设计时应充分考虑到残余应力的影响。本文较为全面地介绍了注塑制品残余应力的产生、检测、减小残余应力的措施及残余应力的计算机模拟等内容。     

基于DIS系统测定自制音叉振动频率的研究

利用自制装置将音叉的振动转换为感应电流,使用数字信息化系统(DIS)微电流传感器,变更测量参量,从而测定出待测音叉的频率.     

辐射量热计在HT-6BTokamak上的测量

一、引言 在现行的托卡马克实验中,辐射损失和中性粒子损失是高温等离子体能量损失的主要通道之一。为了更好地了解托卡马克等离子体中能量平衡、辐射损失以及这些损失随等离子体参数的变化;了解等离子体中杂质含量和杂质输运以及等离子体与器壁的相互作用,辐射能量损失的时间特性、空间分布的测量显得很有必要。为     

Measurement of indoor Rn using CR-39 under a thin film geometry

In this work an assembly for indoor ²²²Rn measurement is presented. This assembly is made up of two acrylic plates (14 cm×14 cm) separated by a distance of 4 mm. To prevent radon daughters from outside entering the assembly (and produce alpha particle tracks striking the CR-39 detector placed in the central region of one of these plates), the borders of these plates were progressively closed, leaving open only a rectangular aperture of 5 mm×4 mm. The size of this opening was determined experimentally, by exposing in two indoor environments assemblies with different apertures as follows: (i) all borders open; (ii) two borders closed; (iii) three borders closed; (iv) four borders closed but one containing a 6 cm×4 mm opening; (v) four borders closed but one containing a 2.5 cm×4 mm opening and (vi) four borders closed but one containing a 0.5 cm×4 mm opening. Track density shows a noticeable decrease between assembly (i) and assembly (iii), remaining constant for smaller openings. Only ²²²Rn, a noble gas, should enter the assembly independently of the opening size.     

Advantages of Odd Random Phase Multisine Electrochemical Impedance Measurements

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful technique to study electrochemical processes and to perform screening tasks. Recently an integrated measuring and modeling methodology for EIS based on a multisine excitation signal was developed. A key issue in this methodology is the data analysis, allowing us to rapidly quantify the reliability of the measured data. In this paper, a comparison is made between classical single‐sine and the proposed multisine measurements on the same system. The fitting of the impedance data obtained by single‐or multisine excitation and using different weighting factors is also discussed. In addition to the advantages reported in earlier work, it is concluded that, of all investigated frequencies, the odd random phase multisine excitation yields the highest quality data in the shortest measurement time.     

Measurement network for urban noise assessment: Comparison of mobile measurements and spatial interpolation approaches

This paper investigates the relevance of different interpolation techniques to improve the spatial resolution of urban noise maps, in complement to measurements achieved at fixed stations. Interpolation techniques based on mobile measurements are compared to usual spatial interpolations techniques, namely Inverse Distance Weighting and Kriging. The analyses rely on a measurement campaign, which consisted of nearly 8 h of geo-referenced mobile noise measurements performed at random moments of the day, conducted simultaneously with continuous measurements collected at five fixed stations located on the inner city of Gent, Belgium.Firstly, a procedure is proposed to build a noise map with a high spatial resolution (one point every 5 m). The procedure relies on both mobile and fixed measurements: the mobile measurements are used to capture spatial variations on the network, and the measurements at fixed stations are used to capture the temporal variations. The map produced is then used as reference to compare the interpolation techniques based on a significantly more sparse measurement set.The spatial interpolation techniques tested fail in predicting accurately the noise level variations within streets. The explanation given is that they do not offer a sufficient covering of the network, and assume spatial variations which are not coherent with traffic dynamics or street configurations. Inversely, mobile measurements cover the entire network. As a result, they allow a more accurate prediction of noise levels even if very short samples are used, provided that the procedure used to estimate noise levels includes a spatial aggregation, which aims at smoothing the high spatial variations inevitable with short samples. Moreover, mobile measurements can advantageously be used to optimize, through a Genetic Algorithm, the locations where to install fixed stations, promising an efficient noise monitoring at reduced operational costs.     

Object location fire precision test technology by using intersecting photoelectric detection target

To improve four across screens system measurement precision on flying projectile location, the new method that adds two incline screens to four intersecting screens system to form six intersecting screens was put forward and the flying object coordinate test model was set up. This method not only gains object coordinate but also measures object's pitching and azimuth angle that can amend coordinates and improve measurement precision. The differential methods were used to analyze their measure errors, which came from the angle of intersection screen, the thick of screen, the time and distance of measuring, and give out measure errors distributing. The experimental result shows the new measure method can improve measurement precision that meets test demand.