Determination of selected persistent organochlorine pollutants in human milk using solid phase disk extraction and narrow bore capillary GC-MS

Summary A simple and rapid procedure based on solid phase disk extraction (SPDE), adsorption chromatography on acidified silica gel and GC-MS analysis was developed for the determination of 8 organochlorine pesticides and 19 PCB congeners in human milk. By using the SPDE procedure, a high throughput and parallel sample processing could be achieved. Method variables were optimized on whole cow's milk (3.5% fat) fortified at levels close to concentrations found in human milk. Recoveries of target analytes were acceptable and ranged from 69 to 102% and 86 to 120% for whole and skimmed milk, respectively. By the use of two stage clean-up and narrow bore capillary columns, detection limits as low as 20 pg mL⁻¹ could be obtained. The method was used for the determination of organochlorine pollutants in human milk from 19 individuals from Romania. The concentrations of PCBs were low, whereas those of organochlorine pesticides were higher than the values reported from other European countries.     

Effects of air-flow and evaporation on the development of thin liquid film over a rotating annular disk

Axisymmetric flow of thin pure liquid film on a spinning horizontal annular disk is studied under the action of air shear at the liquid–air interface and evaporation. The non-linear evolution equation that is obtained by singular perturbation method is solved analytically, for small Reynolds number, by using the method of characteristic and numerically by the use of Newton–Kantorovich method for any Reynolds number. Font breakdown time and its location from the center of the disk is predicted both by analytically and numerically. The result shows that the thinning of the initial film increases as air stress increase, same result is also escalated in presence of evaporation.     

Influence of Mg^2＋ on Initial Stages of CaCO3 Scale Formed on Metal Surface

Magnesium ions, which exist in formation water and injection water under downhole conditions in the oil and gas production industry, are a key determinant in the CaCO3 scale formation. Many studies have focused their attention on the effect of magnesium on the kinetics, the morphology and the content of Mg in the Ca-CO3 scale. Little attention has been paid to the effect of Mg^2 on the initial stages of CaCO3 formation on a metal surface. In this study, an electrochemical technique was used to study the influence of Mg^2 on the ini-tial stages of CaCO3 scale formed on a metal surface. With this electrochemical technique, the reduction of the dissolved oxygen in an analysis solution is considered on the surface of a rotating disk electrode (RDE) un-der potentiostatic control. The rate of oxygen reduction on the surface of the RDE enables the extent of sur-face coverage of scale to be assessed. With this electrochemical technique, a new insight into the effect of Mg^2 on CaCO3 scale formed on a metal surface is given.     

银盘电极交流示波计时电位法及其机理的研究

示波分析中 ,电极的种类和预处理的好坏直接影响示波分析的范围和结果 ,常用的汞膜电极的灵敏度较低 ,限制了其应用 .因此 ,开发新电极是示波分析发展的一个重要途径 .银是一种较好的电极材料 ,具有制备简单、无汞污染等优点 ,以它为工作电极利用阴极溶出 [1,2 ] 和阳极溶出 [3] 进行测定的灵敏度较高 .冶保献等 [4 ]报道了血红蛋白在普通银电极上能进行直接电子传递 ,并对银基的特异功能引起关注 .本文对银盘电极的示波计时电位法及其机理进行了研究 .与用汞膜电极的示波计时电位法相比 ,可使检测下限降低 2～ 3个数量级 ,有望成为痕量分析…     

Resonant and Stationary Waves in Rotating Disks

The analytical conditions for resonant and stationary waves inrotating disks are presented. These conditions are derived from anonlinear plate theory pertaining to initial configurations and areapplicable to rotating disks with initial waviness and/or undergoinglarge-amplitude displacements. The rotational speeds at which theresonant and stationary waves occur for a 3.5-inch diameter computermemory disk are computed. The resonant waves for linear and nonlinear,rotating disks are simulated numerically. It is found that some diskmodes exhibit a hardening effect under which the rotational speeds forthe resonant and stationary waves increase with increasing waveamplitude, while other modes experience a softening effect with thoserotational speeds decreasing with increasing wave amplitude. Therotating-disk resonant spectrum presented in this paper is relevant tothe disk drive industry for determining the range of operationalrotation speed.     

量子盘中的三阶非线性光学极化率

利用密度矩阵方法讨论了量子盘中的三阶非线性光学极化率,导出了近共振条件下的三次揩波的解析表达式,并以GaAs量子盘为例进行了具体的计算。结果表明,GaAs量子盘中的三阶非线性光学极化率要比GaAs量子阱的大几十倍。而且,选取适当的参量,可在吸收系数相对较小的情况下获得较大的折射率。     

组合式片状激光放大器钕玻璃片参数的优化设计

 运用随时间变化的氙灯辐射光谱模型,建立了组合式钕玻璃片状激光放大器动态增益特性的模拟程序,实现了从氙灯放电到引出激光的全过程动态模拟。研究了钕玻璃片的两个重要参数厚度和掺杂浓度对增益性能的影响。在相同的泵浦强度下,储能通量由片厚度与掺杂浓度的乘积N₀D决定,在N₀D相同时得到相同的小信号增益。当N₀D比较小时,N₀D增加1倍时储能通量增加1.25倍,相应的单片放大器增益提高5.5%,对于7片长的放大器链,总的小信号增益将提高45%;当N₀D比较大时,储能通量趋于饱和。     

Michelson干涉仪式光纤空气声传感器

介绍了一种用于直升机等低空目标探测的光纤空气声传感器.该传感器基于光纤Michelson干涉仪的原理,结合弹性盘片的应力应变理论分析和光纤粘接的工艺设计,采用相位载波解调技术进行信号解调.对比实验测试验证了这种声音探测技术可行性.传感器理论灵敏度为2.38 rad/Pa,实测灵敏度为1.5 rad/Pa,采用PGC相位解调理论最小可探测的最小声信号为6.7 μPa,即9.5 dB.传感器在20～300 Hz范围内响应基本平坦.结合声音传播规律分析并肯定其在实用中的可行性.     

用于光盘记录介质的“偶氮染料-聚合物”复合材料

由噻唑类偶氮染料和硝化纤维组成的复合材料涂布于玻璃载体上可用作光盘记录介质,测定这一记录介质的光学性质和物理性质,表明其具有良好的记录灵敏性和读写特性。     

高密度光数据存储技术的发展

讨论了信息技术发展中信息数据存储的重要性,比较了磁存储和光存储的各自特点,介绍了光盘存储技术的发展趋势和高度光盘存储技术的关键问题,进一步讨论了超高密度光存储的发展可能。