荧光粉Ba5-3x/2B4O11∶xEu3+的制备及发光性能

采用高温固相烧结法成功制备了Ba_5-3x/2B₄O₁₁∶xEu³⁺(x=0.02~0.22)荧光粉,利用XRD和SEM等对荧光粉进行了结构和形貌表征。 在激发波长为393 nm的条件下,发射峰(596、621、657和706 nm)与Eu³⁺的⁵D₀-⁷F_J(J=1,2,3,4)电子跃迁相对应,其中621 nm最强发射峰由Eu³⁺离子⁵D₀→⁷F₂电偶极跃迁造成。 文章还研究了Eu³⁺掺杂浓度对Ba_5-3x/2B₄O₁₁∶xEu³⁺发光性能的影响,结果表明,荧光粉的发光强度随着Eu³⁺掺杂量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,Eu³⁺最佳掺杂量为0.16。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定磷酸中的金属元素

建立了一种用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定磷酸中金属元素的分析方法。磷酸用超纯水稀释10倍后直接测定,方法的检出限可达到0.001 2～0.051 6μg/g,加标回收率达到95%～105%,满足实际样品分析要求。     

Structural and Photoluminescence Properties of β-Ga2O3 Nanofibres Fabricated by Electrospinning Method

We have prepared the 13-Ga2 O3 nanofibres by electrospinning method followed by calcining in air at 900℃. The morphology and structure of the nanofibres are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）, x-ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman technique. These nanofibres have diameters ranging from 60 to 130hm and lengths up to several millimetres. Photoluminescence （PL） spectrum under excitation at 325 nm shows that theseβ-Ga2 O3 nanofibres have a blue emission peaking at 466nm, which may be attributed to defects such as the oxygen vacancies, gallium vacancies and gallium-oxygen vacancy pairs.     

水涝胁迫对烟草理化特性和几种次生代谢产物的影响

为明确水涝胁迫对烟草的影响,本文以K326烤烟为实验材料,对其进行不同天数水涝胁迫,然后采用分光光度法测定了烟叶中的可溶性糖、抗氧化酶活性等生理生化指标,以及总酚、总黄酮和总生物碱含量,高效液相色谱法进一步检测了6种酚类化合物。结果表明:随着水涝时间的延长,烟叶中的脯氨酸(0.006～0.043mg·g-1)和可溶性糖(14.19～36.36mg·g-1)含量上升,总叶绿素(1.33～0.66mg·g-1)、叶绿素a(0.97～0.47mg·g-1)、叶绿素b(0.37～0.17mg·g-1)、可溶性蛋白(0.003 7～0.001 5mg·g-1)含量以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）(179.82～138.04U·g-1)活性下降,丙二醛（MDA）含量先上升后下降,(10.23～19.70～13.45nmol·g-1),于第5天达到最大值19.70nmol·g-1。过氧化物酶（POD）(18.15～30.12～13.33U·g-1)、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性(0.65～1.07～0.17U·g-1)均先上升后下降;总酚(1.97～3.76mg·g-1)、总生物碱(0.32～1.87mg·g-1)含量上升,总黄酮含量无显著变化。在胁迫过程中没食子酸含量从0.048mg·g-1下降到0.014mg·g-1,芦丁、绿原酸、咖啡酸含量分别从0.008 4,0.34,0.01mg·g-1增加到0.043,3.087,0.085mg·g-1。表儿茶素和原儿茶酸含量变化不显著。研究结果为水涝对烟草的伤害机制及烟草抵抗水涝胁迫的应答机制提供理论依据。     

Light-scattering model for aerosol particles with irregular shapes and inhomogeneous compositions using a parallelized pseudo-spectral time-domain technique

To improve the modeling accuracy of radiative transfer, the scattering properties of aerosol particles with irregular shapes and inhomogeneous compositions should be simulated accurately. To this end, a light-scattering model for nonspherical particles is established based on the pseudo-spectral time domain(PSTD) technique. In this model, the perfectly matched layer with auxiliary differential equation(ADE-PML), an excellent absorption boundary condition(ABC) in the finite difference time domain generalized for the PSTD, and the weighted total field/scattered field(TF/SF) technique is employed to introduce the incident light into 3 D computational domain. To improve computational efficiency, the model is further parallelized using the Open MP technique. The modeling accuracy of the PSTD scheme is validated against Lorenz–Mie, Aden–Kerker, T-matrix theory and DDA for spheres, inhomogeneous particles and nonspherical particles, and the influence of the spatial resolution and thickness of ADE-PML on the modeling accuracy is discussed as well. Finally, the parallel computational efficiency of the model is also analyzed. The results show that an excellent agreement is achieved between the results of PSTD and well-tested scattering models, where the simulation errors of extinction efficiencies are generally smaller than 1%, indicating the high accuracy of our model. Despite its low spatial resolution, reliable modeling precision can still be achieved by using the PSTD technique, especially for large particles. To suppress the electromagnetic wave reflected by the absorption layers, a six-layer ADE-PML should be set in the computational domain at least.     

仿生超浸润界面传感技术在生物分析中的应用

仿生超浸润界面材料是构建高灵敏度、高特异性生物传感器的一类新兴材料,广泛适用于环境监测、生物医药、食品分析等领域。本文介绍了4种典型的超浸润界面,包括超疏水界面、超亲水界面、超润滑界面以及图案化浸润性界面,总结了界面浸润性调控在电化学、荧光、可视化、表面增强拉曼和可穿戴检测器件等技术中的研究和最新进展,阐述了传感器构建机理和检测机制。最后,对仿生超浸润界面传感技术在生命分析应用中存在的问题和现存的挑战进行了总结和讨论。     

Point defect states of a hollow cylinder in two-dimensional phononic crystal

Point defect states in two-dimensional phononic crystal of a hollow mercury cylinder in a water host are studied.An improved plane expansion method combined with the supercell technique is used to calculate the band gaps and the pressure distribution at the defect position.The sonic pressure of defect modes shows that the waves are localized at or near the defect.As the filing fraction increases,more defect modes appear in the band gaps.     

高效液相色谱法分离和测定小麦中的5种内源激素

建立了高效液相色谱法(HPLC)用于分离和测定小麦中的吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA₃)、玉米素(ZT)和水杨酸(SA)5种植物内源激素。经过条件优化,选用甲醇作为样品提取溶剂。然后,经石油醚和乙酸乙酯萃取,经Sep-Pak C18小柱纯化。液相色谱的分离采用Eclipse XDB-C₁₈ (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)反相色谱柱;流速为1 mL/min;进样量10 μL。检测器波长设置为254 nm; 14.5 min时切换到240 nm; SA洗脱后即18 min时切换回254 nm。流动相A为甲醇,B为乙酸溶液(pH 3.6)。梯度条件为0~7 min, 20%A; 7~10 min, 20%A~28%A; 10~17 min, 28%A; 17~19 min, 28%A~40%A; 19~35 min, 40%A。结果表明,小麦中各激素的分离效果理想,加标回收率达96.9%~98%,相对标准偏差在1.54%~2.29%之间。因此,该方法的建立为快速、准确地分离和测定小麦内源激素提供了可靠的方法。     

非均质Cosserat连续体细-宏观均匀化条件

基于平均场理论的多尺度模拟关键问题之一是给定恰当的表征元(RVE)边界条件,以使均匀化过程满足Hill-Mandel细宏观能量等价条件,也即Hill宏观均匀化条件。对于非均质Cosserat连续体,已有的研究工作只能得到合理的混合平动位移-偶应力表征元边界条件,常用的一致平动位移-转角以及周期边界条件等均不能使用,给计算均匀化算法推导和实施带来了困难,也阻碍了多尺度分析方法的进一步发展与应用。为此,本文在推导和建立一个新的Hill定理版本基础上,不仅成功地给定了多种强形式表征元边界条件,而且构造出了合理的弱形式周期边界条件,这些条件既满足细宏观能量等价也符合一阶平均场理论基本假定,可在均匀化方法中推广与应用。     

基于PSW-DID模型的最严格水资源管理政策评估效应

水利是农业的命脉,农业节水灌溉是突破农业粮食生产的水资源瓶颈,2011年建立了最严格水资源管理制度。基于此,本文以塔里木河流域5个地州42个县市和兵团4个师为样本,使用倾向得分加权双重差分(PSW-DID)方法,从最严格水资源管理对扩大耕地灌溉面积以及促进农业发展两个方面,客观评价最严格水资源管理政策的实施效果。研究发现:(1)PSW-DID模型不仅解决了内生性问题,消除了样本选择性偏差,而且采用重叠权重实现了处理组与控制组之间的平衡,避免了PSM-DID模型中控制组样本损失,提升了估计的效率与稳健性;(2)最严格水资源管理红线的划定对耕地灌溉面积扩大有正向促进作用,政策实施效果因灌区类型、耕地类型不同而产生差异;(3)耕地灌溉面积扩大可以为最严格水资源管理政策在推动农业发展方面提供重要保障,在中型灌区实施该政策对农业生产总值的促进效果更加显著。