A novel one-pot, two-step synthesis of N-acyl-1,3-thiazolidines and N-acyl-1,3-oxazolidines as potential double prodrugs of formaldehyde

A convenient and general one-pot, two-step protocol to prepare both N-acyl-1,3-thiazolidines and N-acyl-1,3-oxazolidines from formaldehyde, fatty acyl chlorides, and natural α-amino acids has been performed for the peculiar case of formaldehyde. In the presence of triethylamine to promote both the ring-forming process and the amide bond formation, subsequent addition of the acyl donor proved to be efficient to trap the preformed stable formaldehyde-derived 1,3-thiazolidine or the transient 1,3-oxazolidine using an appropriate ratio of formaldehyde.     

衍生液提取-高效液相色谱法测定食品中甲醛

提出了高效液相色谱法测定了几种食品中甲醛含量。以衍生液2,4-二硝基苯肼乙腈溶液-pH 5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液(1+1)的混合溶液为提取剂对样品进行提取,以Agilent C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)为固定相,以甲醇-水(70+30)溶液为流动相分离。甲醛的测定下限(10S/N)为5.0 mg.kg-1。以鲜香菇、鲜鱿鱼、奶粉和面粉样品为基体,分别添加5.0,10.0,20.0 mg.kg-1甲醛标准溶液,回收率在73.3%~97.7%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.4%~5.0%之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中甲醛缓释体1,3-二羟甲基-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲

提出了化妆品测定1,3-二羟甲基-5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲(DMDMH)的间接方法。样品用纳什试剂处理后于沸水浴加热20min使甲醛衍生化,离心分离,移取上清液经C18固相萃取小柱纯化,所得洗脱液用反相高效液相色谱分析。用DAD检测器分别在波长210,410nm处测定5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲(DMH)及甲醛。根据所得DMH量及甲醛总量可分别换算出DMDMH的量。用Kromasil C18色谱柱进行分离,以不同比例混合的乙腈及水混合溶液作为流动相进行梯度淋洗。DMH及甲醛的线性范围依次为2.8～280,0.11～22mg.L-1,检出限(3S/N)为0.81,0.033μg.g-1。以3种化妆品实样为基体做加标回收试验,测得回收率依次在93.4%～107.8%和97.9%～109.9%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)依次在1.7%～7.3%和0.8%～2.3%之间。     

Single atom catalytic oxidation mechanism of formaldehyde on Al doped graphene at room temperature

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is one kind of common indoor toxic pollutant, the catalytic oxidation degradation of formaldehyde at room temperature is desired. In this work, a new single atomic catalyst (SAC), Al doped graphene, for the catalytic oxidation of HCHO molecules was proposed through density function theory (DFT) calculations. It is found that Al atoms can be adsorbed on graphene stably without aggression. Then HCHO can be effectively oxidized into CO₂ and H₂O in the presence of O₂ molecules on Al doped graphene with a low energy barrier of 0.82 eV and releasing energy of 2.29 eV with the pathway of HCHO → HCOOH → CO → CO₂. The oxidation reaction can happen promptly with reaction time τ = 56.9 s at the speed control step at room temperature. Therefore, this work proposed a high-performance catalyst Al-doped graphene without any noble metal for HCHO oxidation at ambient temperature, and corresponding oxidation pathway and mechanism are also deeply understood.     

甲醛催化制氢的研究进展

氢有较高的能量密度,其能量转换过程可循环、零污染,是未来替代传统化石燃料的理想能源载体.甲醛相较于其它的氢载体,具有可规模制备、来源广泛、安全性高、易于输运、储存和转化的特点,已逐渐成为一种新的制氢原料.此外甲醛制氢技术还可以应用于其它对环境有一定毒性的有机化合物转变为清洁的氢的过程.我们较全面的总结了甲醛的工业化制备、催化转化制氢和催化剂的研究发展历程,详细介绍了近年来在相关领域的研究成果,分析对比了各种甲醛催化制氢技术的特点,并对未来甲醛制氢的发展前景进行了展望.     

Preparation and characterization of amine-functionalized SiO2/TiO2 films for formaldehyde degradation

This paper investigated the gaseous formaldehyde degradation by the amine-functionalized SiO₂/TiO₂ photocatalytic films for improving indoor air quality. The films were synthesized via the co-condensation reaction of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS) and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS). The physicochemical properties of prepared photocatalysts were characterized with N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT/IR). The effect of amine-functional groups and the ratio of MTMOS/APTMS precursors on the formaldehyde adsorption and photocatalytic degradation were investigated. The results showed that the formaldehyde adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of the APTMS-functionalized SiO₂/TiO₂ film was higher than that of SiO₂/TiO₂ film due to the surface adsorption on amine sites and the relatively high of the specific surface area of the APTMS-functionalized SiO₂/TiO₂ film (15 times higher than SiO₂/TiO₂). The enhancement of the formaldehyde degradation of the film can be attributed to the synergetic effect of adsorption and subsequent photocatalytic decomposition. The repeatability of photocatalytic film was also tested and the degradation efficiency was 91.0% of initial efficiency after seven cycles.     

顺序注射催化动力学光度法测定织物和室内空气中痕量甲醛

在磷酸介质中 ,甲醛可以催化溴酸钾氧化　花青的反应使其退色 ,据此建立了顺序注射催化动力学光度法测定织物和室内空气中痕量甲醛的新方法。方法的线性范围 0 .5～ 7.0 μg mL ,检出限 0 .1 μg mL。用于树脂整理特殊织物和室内空气中痕量甲醛的测定 ,回收率在 97.0 %～ 1 0 5 .0 %之间。     

An optical reflected device using a molecularly imprinted polymer film sensor

A novel and highly selective optical sensor with molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film was fabricated and investigated. The optical sensor head employing a medium finesse molecularly imprinted polymer film has been fabricated and characterised. A blank polymer and formaldehyde imprinted polymer were using methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and the ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker. The transduction mechanism is discussed based on the changes of optical intensity of molecularly imprinted polymer film acting as an optical reflected sensor. Template molecules, which diffused into MIP, could cause film density, and refractive index change, and then induce measurable optical reflective intensity shifts. Based on the reflective intensity shifts, an optical reflection detection of formaldehyde was achieved by illuminating MIP with a laser beam. For the same MIP, the reflective intensity shift was proportional to the amount of template molecule. This optical sensor, based on an artificial recognition system, demonstrates long-time stability and resistance to harsh chemical environments. As the research moves forward gradually, we establish the possibilities of quantitative analysis primly, setting the groundwork to the synthesis of the molecular imprinted optical fiber sensor. The techniques show good reproducibility and sensitivity and will be of significant interest to the MIPcommunity.     

Microwave-assisted on-line derivatization for sensitive flow injection fluorometric determination of formaldehyde in some foods

A rapid and sensitive flow injection fluorometry has been developed for the determination of formaldehyde based on the microwave on-line accelerating its Hantzsch reaction with cyclohexane-1,3-dione. Under the optimized conditions, the fluorescent intensity is proportional to formaldehyde content in the range from 0.05 ng/mL to 2.000 μg/mL. The detection limit (S/N = 3) is 0.02 ng/mL and the analytical frequency is 28 injections per hour. The relative standard deviations are 2.2% and 3.1% for eleven injections of 0.100 and 0.001 μg/mL of formaldehyde, respectively. With the assistance of microwave irradiation, a best sensitive fluorometry was established for the determination of formaldehyde at a high analytical frequency. This method was successfully applied to food analysis without requiring any sample pretreatment, and the determination results were correlated well with those obtained by the standard method with a sample pretreatment of steam distillation.     

Determination of picomole amounts of formaldehyde in air and bio-fluids based on its enhanced myoglobin-luminol chemiluminescence reaction

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the performance of selected destruction methods for the determination of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in woodlouse (Oniscus asellus). A vigorous total analysis involving microwave destruction with HF, HCl and HNO₃ (method 1) was used as a reference method. Consistently low values for the dry ashing method may indicate incomplete dissolution of the elements and/or losses through volatilisation. Method 3 (concentrated HNO₃) that frequently is used in literature, produced erroneous values for Cd, Cu and Pb. Results were consistent with the microwave digestion, provided H₂O₂ was used during digestion (method 4, HNO₃/H₂O₂). Method 5 (HNO₃/HCIO₄, one destruction step) yielded low recoveries when only one destruction step was applied. Applying two destruction steps (method 6) resulted in values consistent with the microwave method, but was at the expense of reproducibility and rendered the method more lengthy and laborious. Because of the very good performance combined with speed and simplicity, destruction with HNO₃/H₂O₂ (method 4) emerged as the most convenient method.