铜源对Cu-SAPO-34氨催化还原NO性能的影响

采用离子交换法制备3种不同铜前驱体的Cu-SAPO-34分子筛催化剂,考察铜源对催化剂氨催化还原NO_x性能的影响,同时通过ICP、XRD、BET、H_2-TPR、XPS、NH_3-TPD等表征技术进行分析.活性结果表明,不同铜源制备的Cu-SAPO-34分子筛催化剂的NH_3-SCR高温活性基本相同,但中低温活性有较大差别.3种催化剂的中低温活性顺序为Cu(醋酸铜)-SAPO-34Cu(硫酸铜)-SAPO-34Cu(硝酸铜)-SAPO-34,以醋酸铜为铜源制备的催化剂中低温活性最高,在209℃NO_x转化率达85.2%.表征结果表明,不同铜源导致所制备催化剂的铜物种形式和数量及酸性强度不同,以醋酸铜为铜源制备的Cu-SAPO-34催化剂的Cu~(2+)起始还原温度最低,Cu~(2+)含量较多,酸性最强,因此其中低温活性最好.     

负载型LaCoO3/MO2催化氧化甲苯与NO的性能研究

本研究采用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备了一系列不同载体负载的LaCoO₃/MO₂催化剂（M=Zr、Ti、Ce）,研究考察其催化氧化甲苯与NO的性能及关键机制。结果发现,以CeO₂为载体的LaCoO₃/CeO₂催化剂表现出最佳的催化氧化性能,其甲苯的t₉₀为245℃,同时在300℃时NO转化率可达68%。通过BET、XRD、H₂-TPR和XPS对各负载型钙钛矿催化剂的理化性质进行表征。结果表明,负载型钙钛矿催化剂拥有更大的比表面积,从而有效提供了更多的吸附位点,同时负载型钙钛矿催化剂具有更活跃的晶格氧和更好的氧化还原性能。其中,LaCoO₃与载体CeO₂在接触界面上观察到Co离子与Ce离子之间存在着相互作用,形成晶格缺陷,这有利于氧空位的形成。利用原位漫反射红外光谱进一步探寻了反应机理,LaCoO₃/CeO₂催化剂上NO氧化符合Langmuir-Hinsh...     

基于棱镜二次聚光的高倍聚光模组聚光特性与三结电池光谱响应匹配与优化

目前Ⅲ-Ⅴ多结高倍聚光(HCPV)太阳电池实验室效率记录已高达46%,而相对应的模组效率与之相差仍较大,其中由于模组中聚光非理想性引起的损失就高达20%.本文通过建立光学模型和非均匀光照的三维电池电路网络模型,以Ⅲ-Ⅴ族三结电池为例,研究了菲涅耳透镜一次聚光、棱镜二次聚光的HCPV模组的聚光特性和光电特性.结果发现.由于光线非平行入射和-菲涅耳透镜的色散现象,使得沿光轴方向短、中、长波段聚光发散及聚光不均匀,从而造成了三结电池的上、中、下各子电池光谱响应失配损失,模组光电转换性能下降;进一步,通过采用棱镜二次聚光,能较好地改善聚光和温度均匀性;通过对光轴方向上短、中、长波段的聚光特性与三结电池光谱响应匹配优化,使得模组输出功率提高10%以上.模拟结果己得到实验验证.     

The determination of the thickness and the optical dispersion property of gold film using spectroscopy of a surface plasmon in the frequency domain

We propose to use wavelength modulation approach,i.e.,the spectroscopy of a surface plasmon in the frequency domain,to characterize the optical dispersion property of gold film.Using this method,we determine the dispersion relationship of gold film in a wavelength range from 537.12 nm to 905.52 nm,and our results accord well with the reported results by other authors.This method is particularly suited for studying the optical dispersion properties of thin metal films,because a series of dielectric constants over a wide spectral range can be determined simultaneously via only a single scan of the incident angle,thereby avoiding the repeated measurements required when using the angular modulation approach.     

Wavelength-dependent nonlinear absorption of gold nanocages

The dipole resonances of gold nanocages were investigated theoretically using finite difference time domain method.The results show that field enhancement is obtained at the walls of the gold nanocages.It is believed that the effect can cause a strong optical nonlinear property.To test the hypothesis,nonlinear absorption was investigated using a broadband 5 ns Z scan.It was found that at low intensities the sample shows saturable absorption(SA),while at higher intensities a switch from SA to reverse SA occurs.Moreover,the nonlinear absorption of the sample is sensitively wavelength-dependent,and,in the resonant region,saturation intensity is the largest.     

V2O5-Sb2O3-TiO2催化剂 低温NH3还原NO及其抗H2O和SO2毒化性能

浸渍法制备了催化剂V₂O₅-Sb₂O₃-TiO₂,考察了V₂O₅、Sb₂O₃负载量、pH值和焙烧温度对催化剂V₂O₅- Sb₂O₃-TiO₂低温氨选择性催化还原(SCR)NO活性的影响;同时,考察了催化剂V₂O₅-Sb₂O₃-TiO₂抗H₂O和SO₂毒化性能。结果表明,V₂O₅和Sb₂O₃负载量分别为5%和2%、焙烧温度为400℃、pH值为4时,催化剂SCR活性最好,反应温度220℃时,可达97%。Sb₂O₃的加入不仅能增强V₂O₅/TiO₂的催化活性,而且能明显提高催化剂的抗H₂O和SO₂毒化性能。SO₂、NO吸附暂态反应和TG-DTG测试表明,Sb₂O₃的促进机制主要是促进了催化剂在SO₂存在条件下对NO的吸附,同时,减弱了硫酸铵盐与催化剂之间的相互作用,硫酸铵盐更容易分解。     

负载型钙钛矿催化氧化NO及抗SO_2性能研究

采用柠檬酸络合浸渍法制备了负载型钙钛矿氧化物La1-xCexCoO3/CeO2(x=0~0.3)催化剂,考察了不同Ce掺杂量对其催化氧化NO和抗硫性能的影响,并运用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、氮气物理吸附、程序升温还原(H2-TPR)、氧气程序升温脱附(O2-TPD)等手段对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,催化剂的活性与其比表面积大小和氧化还原性质密切相关;其中,负载型钙钛矿La0.8Ce0.2CoO3/CeO2催化剂在300℃时催化氧化NO的转化率达78%。在添加CeO2作载体后,不仅改善了非负载性钙钛矿的低温活性,而且抗硫性能也显著提高。     

Determination of thickness and optical dispersion property of gold film using spectroscopy of surface plasmon in frequency domain

We propose to use wavelength modulation approach, i.e., the spectroscopy of surface plasmon in frequency domain to characterize the optical dispersion property of gold film. Using this method, we determine the dispersion relationship of gold film in a wavelength range from 537.12 nm to 905.52 nm, and our results accord well with the reported results by other authors. This method is particularly suited for studying the optical dispersion properties of thin metal films, because a series of dielectric constants over a wide spectral range can be determined simultaneously via only a single scan of the incident angle, thereby avoiding the repeated measurements required when using angular modulation approach.