微电流作用下铁片置换海绵铋粉

针对铁粉置换沉积海绵铋所得铋粉品位较低的缺点,本工艺采用铁片置换海绵铋,铁片为阳极,石墨为阴极,直流微电流作用,电流密度5×10-3 A/cm2,温度40℃,所得海绵状铋粉品位在90％以上.通过置换过程的宏观动力学研究表明,其置换过程符合一级反应速率规律,活化能Ea=13.72 kJ/mol,反应速率方程为v=3.2470 ×c(Bi3+)exp(-13720/RT),置换过程的控制步骤为扩散控制.电化学分析结果显示,微电流作用很好的促进了置换过程,且置换海绵状铋粉品位高,杂质少,尤其铅含量明显降低.     

Al_(2)O_(3)-Zn-K催化水解COS和CS_(2)的研究北大核心CSCD

以活性氧化铝为载体,浸渍负载Zn、K活性组分,制备优选Al_(2)O_(3)-Zn-K催化剂.考察了反应工艺条件对COS、CS_(2)脱除精度的影响,并对失活的催化剂进行表征,分析催化剂的失活原因.结果表明,负载Zn、K活性组分后,催化剂的弱碱性中心显著提高,负载量为4%时催化剂具有最优的水解活性.在180℃催化水解过程中,工艺条件对CS_(2)脱除精度的影响较COS更为明显.无氧条件下,反应过程中生成的硫酸盐和表面活性物质发生迁移导致催化剂碱性中心减少是催化剂失活的主要原因.     

一锅法合成3-芳基-1，5-双（2-羟基芳基）-戊二酮-1，5

2-羟基苯乙酮、芳醛、氢氧化钾“一锅”反应合成了3-芳基-1，5-双（2-羟基芳基）-戊二酮-1，5。     

基于随机行动者模型及iView分析的大学生朋友关系研究

在对两个本科生班级分别进行五期的追踪调查后,文章应用随机行动者模型探索影响大学生朋友网络演化的潜在因素.在各种潜在影响因素中,文章研究关注中国大学生的社会属性、行为属性和认知属性对朋友网络的影响.问卷中引入词汇联想,并将被试的联想词按照情感极性进行标注,以考察认知属性对大学生朋友关系的影响.文章进一步应用定性综合集成支持技术iView分析探测学生的认知差异.对考察学生交友的问卷调查结果采用随机行动者模型和iView分析能够揭示大学生人际交往机理及个体差异,期待该方式有助于高校学生管理.     

Photon-interactions with perovskite oxides

Photons with variable energy, high coherency, and switchable polarization provide an ideal tool-kits for exploring the cutting-edge scientific questions in the condensed matter physics and material sciences. Over decades, extensive researches in the sample fabrication and excitation have employed the photon as one of the important means to synthesize and explore the low-dimensional quantum materials. In this review, we firstly summarize the recent progresses of the state-of-the-art thin-film deposition methods using excimer pulsed laser, by which syntactic oxides with atomic-unit-cell-thick layers and extremely high crystalline quality can be programmatically fabricated. We demonstrate that the artificially engineered oxide quantum heterostructures exhibit the unexpected physical properties which are absent in their parent forms. Secondly, we highlight the recent work on probing the symmetry breaking at the surface/interface/interior and weak couplings among nanoscale ferroelectric domains using optical second harmonic generation. We clarify the current challenges in the in-situ characterizations under the external fields and large-scale imaging using optical second harmonic generation. The improvements in the sample quality and the non-contact detection technique further promote the understanding of the mechanism of the novel properties emerged at the interface and inspire the potential applications, such as the ferroelectric resistive memory and ultrahigh energy storage capacitors.     

High-performance synaptic transistors for neuromorphic computing

The further development of traditional von Neumann-architecture computers is limited by the breaking of Moore’s law and the von Neumann bottleneck, which make them unsuitable for future high-performance artificial intelligence (AI)systems. Therefore, new computing paradigms are desperately needed. Inspired by the human brain, neuromorphic computing is proposed to realize AI while reducing power consumption. As one of the basic hardware units for neuromorphic computing, artificial synapses have recently aroused worldwide research interests. Among various electronic devices that mimic biological synapses, synaptic transistors show promising properties, such as the ability to perform signal transmission and learning simultaneously, allowing dynamic spatiotemporal information processing applications. In this article, we provide a review of recent advances in electrolyte-and ferroelectric-gated synaptic transistors. Their structures, materials,working mechanisms, advantages, and disadvantages will be presented. In addition, the challenges of developing advanced synaptic transistors are discussed.     

钙钛矿氧化物异质结的研究进展

在过去几年中,为了研究钙钛矿氧化物异质结的物性和潜在的应用前景,我们进行了许多探索。在本文中,我们总结了对钙钛矿氧化物异质结一些物理性质的理论描述,揭示了La0.9Sr0.1MnO3/SrNb0.01Ti0.99O3异质结中发现的正磁电阻效应和横向光电效应的物理起源。我们提出的理论模型将有助于理解界面对钙钛矿氧化物异质结各种性质的影响。     

新型吩噻嗪-咔咯锰(Ⅲ)配合物的合成及其催化氧化DNA断裂的活性

以单羟基自由咔咯为起始原料,与吩噻嗪-10-碳酰氯(PTZ)反应制得吩噻嗪-咔咯二元化合物(2);2与醋酸锰反应合成了一种新型5,15-二(2,3,4,5,6)-五氟苯基-10-(4-吩噻嗪苯基)咔咯锰(Ⅲ)配合物(3),收率80.0%,其结构经UV-Vis和HR-MS(ESI)表征。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳实验探讨了其催化氧化DNA的活性。结果表明:在过氧化氢存在下,3能有效引起超螺旋p BR322 DNA发生氧化断裂,3浓度为250μmol·L~(-1)时,氧化断裂DNA的活性达34%。通过紫外滴定、荧光滴定、圆二色谱推断3与小牛胸腺(ct-DNA)的结合模式为外部结合。     

新型吩噻嗪-咔咯锰（III）配合物的合成及其催化氧化DNA断裂的活性

以单羟基自由咔咯为起始原料,与吩噻嗪-10-碳酰氯（PTZ）反应制得吩噻嗪 咔咯二元化合物(2）; 2与醋酸锰反应合成了一种新型5,15-二（2,3,4,5,6)-五氟苯基-10-(4-吩噻嗪苯基)咔咯锰（Ⅲ）配合物(3),收率80.0%,其结构经UV-Vis和HR-MS（ESI）表征。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳实验探讨了其催化氧化DNA的活性。结果表明：在过氧化氢存在下,3能有效引起超螺旋pBR322 DNA发生氧化断裂,3浓度为250 μmol·L^-1时,氧化断裂DNA的活性达34%。通过紫外滴定、荧光滴定、圆二色谱推断3与小牛胸腺(ct-DNA）的结合模式为外部结合。     

多元t分布的一致渐进正态性

讨论了多元t分布一致渐进正态性的条件,利用不等式法估计了二者之间的Kullback-Leibler距离,给出了Kullback-Leibler距离表达式,最后对多元t分布一致渐进正态性进行了模拟验证.