微波辅助萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定大气可吸入颗粒物中痕量多环芳烃

建立了微波辅助萃取－气相色谱－质谱联用测定大气可吸入颗粒物中痕量多环芳烃（PAHs）的分析方法，优化了萃取时间、溶剂用量、微波辐射功率等微波萃取条件，并与超声波萃取方法进行了对照研究。结果表明：除了苊、芴外，微波萃取方法的回收率在85％－130％之间；方法的检出限在0.002-0.016μg/m^3之间。通过实际样品中PAHs的分析表明，该法快速、溶剂用量小，满足痕量分析的要求。     

微波辅助快速制备2D/1D ZnIn2S4/TiO2 S型异质结及其光催化制氢性能

The threat and global concern of energy crises have significantly increased over the last two decades. Because solar light and water are abundant on earth, photocatalytic hydrogen evolution through water splitting has been considered as a promising route to produce green energy. Therefore, semiconductor photocatalysts play a key role in transforming sunlight and water to hydrogen energy. To date, various photocatalysts have been studied. Among them, TiO₂ has been extensively investigated because of its non-toxicity, high chemical stability, controllable morphology, and high photocatalytic activity. In particular, 1D TiO₂ nanofibers (NFs) have attracted increasing attention as effective photocatalysts because of their unique 1D electron transfer pathway, high adsorption capacity, and high photoinduced electron–hole pair transfer capability. However, TiO₂ NFs are considered as an inefficient photocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) because of their disadvantages such as a large band gap (~3.2 eV) and fast recombination of photoinduced electron–hole pairs. Therefore, the development of a high-performance TiO₂ NF photocatalyst is required for efficient solar light conversion. In recent years, several strategies have been explored to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ NFs, including coupling with narrow-bandgap semiconductors (such as ZnIn₂S₄). Recently, microwave (MW)-assisted synthesis has been considered as an important strategy for the preparation of photocatalyst semiconductors because of its low cost, environment-friendliness, simplicity, and high reaction rate. Herein, to overcome the above-mentioned limiting properties of TiO₂ NFs, we report a 2D/1D ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂ S-scheme heterojunction synthesized through a microwave (MW)-assisted process. Herein, the 2D/1D ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂ S-scheme heterojunction was constructed rapidly by using in situ 2D ZnIn₂S₄nanosheets decorated on 1D TiO₂ NFs. The loading of ZnIn₂S₄ nanoplates on the TiO₂ NFs could be easily controlled by adjusting the molar ratios of ZnIn₂S₄ precursors to TiO₂ NFs. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared samples for water splitting under simulated solar light irradiation was assessed. The experimental results showed that the photocatalytic performance of the ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂ composites was significantly improved, and the obtained ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂ composites showed increased optical absorption. Under optimal conditions, the highest HER rate of the ZT-0.5 (molar ratio of ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂= 0.5) sample was 8774 μmol·g^-1·h^-1, which is considerably higher than those of pure TiO₂ NFs (3312 μmol·g^-1·h^-1) and ZnIn₂S₄nanoplates (3114 μmol·g^-1·h^-1) by factors of 2.7 and 2.8, respectively. Based on the experimental data and Mott-Schottky analysis, a possible mechanism for the formation of the S-scheme heterojunction between ZnIn₂S₄ and TiO₂ was proposed to interpret the enhanced HER activity of the ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂heterojunctionphotocatalysts.      

微波辅助提取-GC/MS联用分析苍耳子中油脂成分的研究

采用微波辅助提取-GC/MS联用分析苍耳子中的油脂成分.以V(环已烷):V(丙酮)=1:1为提取溶剂,优化了微波辅助提取的条件.以正二十烷为内标,鉴定出了13种油脂成分,各组分相对保留时间的相对标准偏差(RSD)小于0.15%,相对峰面积的RSD＜3.0%.对不同批次以及不同产地的苍耳子样品进行了对比研究.该方法可用于苍耳子的鉴定和质量控制.     

有序自组装聚合物纳米结构

采用水辅助方法(water-assisted fabrication method),分别以4-十二烷基苯磺酸掺杂的聚苯胺(PANI-DBSA)和聚2-甲氧基-5-(2′-乙烯基-己氧基)苯乙炔(MEH-PPV)两种功能高聚物为成膜材料,冷凝水滴为模板,利用水滴在聚合物溶液表面的自组装,制备出了两种纳米层次以上的蜂窝状有序多孔聚合物薄膜.通过原子力显微镜和共聚焦荧光显微镜对其形貌、电学性质和荧光图像进行了表征.     

表面活性剂的基体辅助激光解吸电离/质谱分析表征

利用基体辅助激光解吸电离／质谱（MALDI－MS）技术对表面活性剂的分析表征进行了详细研究。以2，5－二羟基苯甲酸作为基体，考察MALDI样品制备方法如液滴干燥法、快速干燥法及三明治法对测定结果的影响，发现三明治方法更适合表面活性剂的分析。MALDI可以准确测定离子型表面活性剂的分子量，同时对于非离子型表面活性剂，还可以测定其平均聚合度和分子量的分布。     

微波辅助萃取/气相-质谱联用分析蔬菜中的有机磷农药

 建立了微波辅助萃取 (MAE) /气相 质谱联用法 (GC MS)测定蔬菜样品中二嗪磷、对硫磷、水胺硫磷的分析方法 ,研究了不同溶剂的萃取效率。选择二氯甲烷为萃取溶剂 ,采用二因素三水平的正交设计实验优化了萃取溶剂体积和萃取时间。方法的线性范围分别为二嗪磷和对硫磷 4ng/ g～ 40 0ng/ g、水胺硫磷 2 0ng/ g～ 40 0ng/ g,检出限分别为二嗪磷 0 2 9ng/g、对硫磷 1 70ng/g、水胺硫磷 2 30ng/g。测定 2 0 0 0ng/g和 50 0ng/g加标蔬菜样品 ,回收率为 72 2 %～ 1 0 2 0 % ,RSD为 1 5 %～ 1 1 0 %。。     

离散小波变换-遗传算法-交互检验法用于近红外光谱数据的高倍压缩与变量筛选

用遗传算法(GA)与交互检验(CV)相结合建立了一种用于对近红外光谱(NIR)数据及其离散小波变换(DWT)系数进行变量筛选的方法，并应用于烟草样品中总挥发碱和总氮的同时测定。结果表明：NIR数据经DWT压缩为原始大小的3．3％时基本没有光谱信息的丢失；有效的变量筛选可以极大地减少模型中的变量个数，降低模型的复杂程度，改善预测的准确度。     

方正奥思在有机化学课件中的应用

计算机模拟教学在近几年已经愈来愈普遍 ,虽然计算机模拟过程并不能完全代替实验 ,也不能取代实验动手能力的训练 ,但计算机模拟有助于对基本概念的深入思考 ,对掌握基本概念和预计实验结果都有很大帮助。我们在研制有机化学和有机化学实验的课件过程中 ,对教学中的重点、难点进行了分析 ,针对理论教学中的反应历程和实验教学中的预习等难点问题采取了动画组来表达 ,取得了很好的效果。　　我们自 1 999年 5月起开始制作有机化学及实验ＣＡＩ课件 ,先后采用过Ａｕｔｈｏｒｗａｒｅ、ＶＢ、方正奥思并结合Ｃｈｅｍｏｆｆｉｃｅ、Ｃｏｏｌ3Ｄ…     

涡旋辅助分散液液微萃取-气相色谱法测定饮用水中11种氯苯类化合物

移取饮用水样品10.0mL,加入0.5g氯化钠和100μL二硫化碳,以2 500r·min~(-1)转速离心5min,静置5min后,移取离心管底部的沉积相(约65μL),采用气相色谱法测定其中11种氯苯类化合物的含量。11种氯苯类化合物用Agilent JW DB-WAX毛细管色谱柱分离,电子俘获检测器检测。11种氯苯类化合物的质量浓度在一定范围内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.032～0.97μg·L~(-1)。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率为86.7%～101%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.2%～3.3%。     

一个新的铀（Ⅵ）三元协萃体系

研究了由４，４＇－癸二酰－双－（１－苯基－３－甲基－５－吡唑啉酮）（ＤＢＰＭＰ，简作Ｈ２Ａ），氧化三辛基膦（ＴＯＰＯ），吡啶（Ｐｙ）组成的三元体系从硝酸溶液中对铀的协同萃取，斜率法确定萃合物组成为ＵＯ２Ａ．ＴＯＰＯ．Ｐｙ，制取了固体协萃配合物，并用元素分析、ＩＲ及ＨＮＭＲ等进行了表征。