Nonlinear Effects for Bose Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices

Cold atoms and, more recently, Bose-Einstein condensates （BEC＇s） in optical lattices have attracted increasing interest since their first realization. In particular, the formal similarity between the wavefunction of a BEC inside the periodic potential of an optical lattice and of the electrons in a crystal lattice has triggered theoretical and experimental efforts alike. Many phenomena from condensed matter physics, such as Bloch oscillations and Landau-Zener tunneling have been shown to be observable also in optical lattices. An important difference between electrons in a crystal lattice and a BEC inside the periodic potential of an optical lattice is the strength of the self interaction and hence the magnitude of the nonlinearity of the system. Electrons in a metal are almost noninteracting, whereas atoms inside a BEC interact strongly. A＇ perturbation approach is appropriate in the former case while in the latter the full nonlinearity must be taken into account. From this feature new physics is expected. Most experiments to date have been carried out in the regime of shallow lattice depth, for which the system is well described by the mean field Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a periodic potential. Moreover, the nonlinearity induced by the mean-field of the condensate has been shown, both theoretically and experimentally, to give rise to instabilities in certain regions of the Brillouin zone. These instabilities are not present in the corresponding linear system, i.e. the electron system. Experimental and theoretical results on the subject of nonlinear Landau-Zener tunneling and nonlinearity-induced instabilities in a Bose-Einstein condensate interacting with an external periodic potential will be presented.     

等幂代数和方程组的解法

众所周知, 等幂和代数方程组可以通过Newton恒等式转化为一个高次代数方程. 这就是Viete-Newton定理. 本文报道一项关于把Viete-Newton定理推广到等幂代数和方程组的求解上去的研究成果. 利用代数学和组合学的知识和技巧, 该成果显示了等幂代数和方程组可以封闭地转化为两个次数之和等于等幂代数和方程组未知数个数的代数方程.     

关联数列的数表问题

近年来“数表问题”如一颗璀璨的“明珠”，频频出现在国际、国内的数学联赛、中、高考试卷上，它与数列知识联手，凑出一曲曲优美的“乐章”，所谓“数表”就是满足一定条件的数，按一定规律排成一个表，这类问题题型灵活、解法巧妙、规律性强、学生乐见，低、中、高档题均可出现，故成为很多出题专家们的“新宠”，下面就关联数列的数表问题进行分类探究．用以抛砖引玉，期望读者从中受益，进而得出解决此类问题的一般方法。     

精心设计问题培养学生能力

记忆特征告诉我们，要加强对某一件事的记忆，加深对某一问题的理解，“错误”与“教训”是最为深刻的．数学教学何尝不是如此．例如，为了加深学生对等差数列的前n项和公式的理解和应用，在教学中可设计如下两个问题：     

ON THE UNIQUENESS OF THE WEAK SOLUTIONS OF A QUASILINEAR HYPERBOLIC SYSTEM WITH A SINGULAR SOURCE TERM

This paper is a continuation of the authors'previous paper[1].In this paper the authorsprove,assuming additional conditions on the initial data,some results about the existence anduniqueness of the entropy weak solutions of the Cauchy problem for the singular hyperbolicsystem a_t+(au)_x_2au/x=0,u_t+1/2(a~2+u~2)_x=0,x>0,t≥0.     

研究K4-同胚图K4(α,1,1,δ,ε,η)色性的一个引理

主要介绍了一个引理，这个引理奠定了K4－同胚图K4（α，1，1，δ，ε，η）色性研究的基础。     

从诺贝尔物理学奖看光学的发展

从一个新的角度分析、讨论了光学的发展过程.并对光学今后的发展做了展望.     

正项等差数列的不等式

由正项等差数列构成的不等式 ,叫做正项等差数列的不等式 .本文研究这样的一类不等式 .为了叙述简便 ,本文规定 {ａｎ}是公差为ｄ(ｄ >0 )的正项等差数列 ,Ｓｎ 是它的前ｎ项和 ,ｍ ,ｎ ,ｋ都是正整数 .定理 1　 1+ ｍｄｋａ11+ ｍｄｋａ2 ·…· 1+ ｍｄｋａｎ ≥ａｍ + 1ａｍ + 2 ·…·ａｍ +ｎａ1ａ2 ·…·ａｎ1ｋ.(当且仅当ｋ =1时等号成立 )证　由二项式定理得1+ ｍｄｋａｉｋ=1+Ｃ1ｋｍｄｋａｉ +Ｃ2 ｋｍｄｋａｉ2 +… +Ｃｋｋｍｄｋａｉｋ ≥ 1+Ｃ1ｋｍｄｋａｉ =1+ ｍｄａｉ=ａｉ+ｍｄａｉ=ａｍ +ｉａｉ,(当且仅当ｋ =1时取等号 …     

二阶非线性椭圆型方程于无界域上的斜微商问题

在机械和物理中有许多问题的数学模型是一、二阶非线性椭圆型方程于包含无穷远点的多连通域上的某些边值问题,该文讨论了二阶非线性椭圆型方程于包含无穷远点的多连通域上的斜微商边值问题.     

鞅方法在一类破产问题中的应用

本文从鞅条件出发 ,推导出了总理赔过程分别为复合 Poisson过程与复合二项过程 ,利率强度波动为带跳的 Poisson过程情形下的调节方程 ,并由此得到了一些有趣的结果。