对固体圆二色光谱测试方法的再认识——兼谈“浓度效应”

对近期发展的固体圆二色(CD)光谱测试方法进行了概述、评价和比较, 着重探讨了“浓度效应”的存在使固体CD光谱失真的原因. 通过对本课题组和其他作者已报道的四种化合物的固体CD谱再测试的反思, 强调了依手性化合物的手性光谱学性质不同, 根据浓度梯度实验选择其合适测试浓度的必要性. 对固有手性的阻转异构化合物(S)-1,1'-联二萘酚(S-BINOL)进行了成膜法固体CD谱浓度梯度测试, 发现所得固体薄膜CD谱中也存在着“浓度效应”     

高分子固体电解质设计的新概念

高分子固体电解质是开发零释放能源－－高性能电池的关键材料。本文详细介绍了20世纪90年代以来高分子固体电解质结构设计的新概念，包括高分子凝胶电解质，两相高分子电解质，盐掺聚合物（Polymer-in-salt)，有机／无机纳米复合型电解质，悬挂柔性短聚醚侧链的网格聚合物电解质。     

固体杂多酸盐催化性能 Ⅰ．钨磷、钨硅杂多酸碱金属盐的合成、表征和催化酯化反应

合成了ＨＰＷ１２、ＨＳｉＷ１２杂多酸的一系列铯盐：ＣｓｘＨ３－ｘＰＷ１２（ｘ＝０～３），ＣｓｘＨ４－ｘＳｉＷ１２（ｘ＝０～４）．测定了它们的酸强度、ｐＨ滴定曲线、ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ、ＩＲ光谱和比表面积．以乙酸和正丁醇的酯化为探针反应，考察了催化剂的酸催化活性．实验发现，碱金属取代后，ＰＷ１２系列的多数催化剂的酸强度提高，而ＳｉＷ１２系列的则降低，但对同一系列来说，由ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ测得的酸强度和酸量均随取代量增加而减小，ｐＨ滴定的结果与此类似，当ｘ＝２．５时，两系列催化剂的比表面积均存在一个极值．对乙酸和正丁醇的催化酯化活性只与总酸量有关，与表面积无关，属假液相反应．     

固体超强酸SO4^2-／SnO2-Al2O3的红外光谱研究

以四氯化锡、硫酸铝为原料，氨水为沉淀剂，采用共沉淀法制得新型固体超强酸SO4^2-／SnO2-Al2O3。采用FT-IR技术考察了金属元素摩尔比、焙烧温度、浸渍液以及掺杂稀土氧化物对该固体超强酸结构和性能的影响。兀：lR结果表明在该固体超强酸中，锡和硫酸根是以螯合和桥式两种方式配位结合，其中起催化活化作用的主要是和硫酸根以螯合双齿结合的锡；和SO4^2-／SnO2型超强酸相比，SO4^2-／SnO2-Al2O3超强酸的硫酸根FT-IR特征吸收峰发生蓝移，显示出更强的酸性。锡铝摩尔比为9：1、焙烧温度为773K、焙烧时间为3h时。制得的SO4^2-／SnO2-Al2O3样品对酯化反应的催化性能最好。     

铟酞菁/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合物固体光限幅器性能

将在溶液中表现出优良非线性光学和光限幅性能的铟酞菁及其二聚物嵌入到非光学活性的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)中, 用传统的旋转涂膜法制备得到具有较高光学质量的复合物薄膜, 用开孔Z-扫描方法在532 nm 处研究了复合物薄膜材料的线性光学和非线性光学性能. 结果表明, 无论是铟酞菁单体还是轴向氧桥联的铟酞菁二聚物, 其PMMA复合材料的光限幅性能均显著优于相应的酞菁分子在溶液中的光限幅性能.     

二氢月桂烯合成香料阿弗曼酯的研究

3，7-二甲基-1，6辛二烯（1）[二氢月桂烯]在固体酸作用下与甲酸发生环化水合反应，生成1-（3，3-二甲基环己基）乙醇甲酸（3）和3，3，7-三甲基环庚醇甲酸酯（4）的混合物（阿弗曼酯）．     

In situ electrical resistance and activation energy of solid C6o under high pressure

The in situ electrical resistance and transport activation energies of solid C60 fullerene have been measured under high pressure up to 25 GPa in the temperature range of 300-423 K by using a designed diamond anvil cell. In the experiment, four parts of boron-doped diamond films fabricated on one anvil were used as electrical measurement probes and a W-Ta thin film thermocouple which was integrated on the other diamond anvil was used to measure the temperature. The current results indicate that the measured high-pressure resistances are bigger than those reported before at the same pressure and there is no pressure-independent resistance increase before 8 GPa. From the temperature dependence of the resistivity, the C60 behaviors as a semiconductor and the activation energies of the cubic C60 fullerene are 0,49, 0.43, and 0.36 eV at 13, 15, and 19 GPa, respectively.     

Synthesis, Crystal Structural Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of a 1D Tape-like Polymer of Cobalt Adamantanedicarboxylate： [Co_2（adc）_2（py）_4（H_2O）]_n

The new complex, [Co2(adc)2(py)4(H2O)}n 1 (adc = 1,3-adamantanedicarboxylate, py = pyridine), has been hydrothermally synthesized as polymeric solid, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectra and thermogravimetric analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 18.932(4), b = 19.779(4), c = 12.352(3) , β = 112.03(3)o, V = 4288(2) 3, Z = 4, GOF = 0.998, R = 0.0518 and wR = 0.1074. X-ray single-crystal analysis reveals that 1 presents a 3D simple parallel rod-like supramolecular array constructed by 1D tape-like polymeric motif through aromatic π-π stacking interaction. Electrochemical investigation shows that 1 exhibits appreciable electrocatalytic activity for the reduction reaction of nitrite.     

我国固体无机化学的研究进展

综合介绍了建国５０年来，尤其是近２０年来我国固体化学研究领域所取得的进展，阐述了该领域在合成方法上的更新以及不断向信息、能源、环保等应用领域提供的各种新材料。     

Propagation of waves in an electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic semi-space

The present investigation is concerned with wave propagation in an electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic solid half space. Two different cases have been discussed： （i） reflection of plane wave at the free surface of an electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic solid; and （ii） propagation of Rayleigh waves in an electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic solid half space. In case （i）, the amplitude ratios of the various reflected waves have been computed numerically and depicted graphically against angle of incidence. In case （ii）, the frequency equation is derived and dispersion curves giving phase velocity and attenuation coefficient as a function of wave number, have been plot- ted graphically for a specific model. Some special cases of interest are also deduced, for both the cases.