甲烷部分氧化制合成气：Ⅲ.镍系催化剂物性及与催化性能间的关联

使用ＴＰＲ和Ｈ２－ＴＰＤ技术对镍铝系催化剂的还原和氢脱附性能进行了研究，并与其催化性能相关联。结果发现，镍铝系催化剂的氢脱附能力与其催化性能之间有一定联系，脱附氢能力越强，催化剂的甲烷部分氧化反应性能就越好，但催化性能与还原性能无直接关联。     

线性分析法来解热脱附动力学参数

TPD方法是研究表面常规手段之一.对于如何从实验结果获得正确的脱附动力学参数,已有不少工作发表。然而,现有方法均存在一定的适用范围,尤其是重叠谱解叠,仍然没有很好地解决。本文介绍的线性分析法,不仅适用于简单的一级和二级脱附TPD谱的解析,而且也适用于重叠谱解叠,从而为实验上确定动力学级数和复杂谱解叠提供了依据。     

Phase Transitions,Thermal Desorption of Gases,and Electroconduction in BaCeO<Subscript>3</Subscript>, a Base for High-Temperature Protonic Conductors

Investigations of phase transitions in barium cerate are carried out by methods of dilatometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Thermal desorption of gases and temperature dependences of electroconduction in dry and humid air are studied. Barium cerate exhibits complex polymorphism, undergoing a number of structural conversions at 300– 1300 K. The peaks in the spectra of thermal desorption of CO₂ and H₂O correlate with variations in the crystal lattice. Structural changes in BaCeO₃ affect activation energies for the carrier transport and the shares of partial conductivities.__________Translated from Elektrokhimiya, Vol. 41, No. 5, 2005, pp. 620–626.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Kuz’min, Gorelov, Vaganov, Korzun, Kazantsev, Aksenova, Khromushin.     

电吸附技术的应用与研究

本文综述了活性炭、活性炭纤维、炭气凝胶及活性氧化铝等材料的电吸附/脱附技术的研究进展。主要介绍了其在去除水中无机和有机污染物方面的应用，并对今后的研究方向提出了建议。     

氮化铁催化剂的制备及其苯胺催化加氢性能

用α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３与氨气程序升温还原方法制备出不同温度氮气的氮化铁系列催化剂。通过ＸＲＤ测试对氮化过程中的晶相转变进行了分析。在中压反应装置上考察了氮化铁系列催化剂上苯胺加氢活性以及反应条件对苯胺加氢反应活性的影响。结果表明，在７００℃氮化制香的氮化铁催化剂显示有较高的苯胺加氢活性，在氢压为３．０ＭＰａ，温度为２５０℃，ｎ（Ｈ２）／ｎ（ｏｉｌ）＝１８，液体空速（ＷＨＳＶ）为０．３ｈ＾－１时，该催化剂     

Specific surface of two hydrated cements differing in strength

Specific surface, S, of CSH-gel particles of disordered layered structure, was studied by water sorption/retention in two cement pastes differing in strength, i.e. C-33 (weaker) and C-43 (stronger), w/c=0.4. Hydration time in liquid phase was t _h=1 and 6 months, followed by hydration in water vapour either on increasing stepwise the relative humidity, RH=0.5→0.95→1.0 (WS) or on its lowering in an inverse order (WR). Specific surface was estimated from evaporable (sorbed) water content, EV (110°C), assuming a bi- and three-molecular sorbed water layer at RH=0.5 or 0.95, respectively (WS). On WR it was three- and three- to four-molecular (50 to 75%), respectively, causing a hysteresis of sorption isotherm. At RH=0.5 the S increased with cement strength from 146 m² g^-1 (C-33, 1 m) to 166 m² g^-1 (C-43, 1 m) and with hydration time to 163 (C-33, 6 m) and to 204 m² g^-1 (C-43, 6 m). At RH=1.0 (and 0.95), higher S-value were measured but these differences were smaller: S amounted to 190-200 m² g^-1 in C-33 (1 and 6 m) and 198-210 m² g-1 in C-43 (1 and 6 m). Thus no collapse occurred on air drying of paste C-43 (6 m). This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

乙醇在杂多酸上的氧化、脱水和程序升温脱附研究

合成了两个系列具有Keggin结构的12-钒钼磷酸和钨钼磷酸,研究了它们对乙醇氧化、脱水的催化反应。借助程序升温脱附技术研究了反应物及产物乙醇、乙烯、乙醚等在样品上的程脱作用。讨论了钨、钒取代部分钼原于后对杂多酸酸性及氧化性能的影响。     

ADSORPTION OF 4-METHYLANILINE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION BY BENZOYL-CONTAINING POLYMERIC ADSORBENTS

New polymeric adsorbents (ZH-02, ZH-03) containing benzoyl group for adsorbing and removing 4-methylaniline from its aqueous solutions were prepared. Studies on the isotherms and the comparison of desorption conditions evidenced through the adsorption of 4-methylaniline in water onto ZH-02 and ZH-03, namely that there are chemisorption‘s transitions at a proper higher temperature. Mini-colunm adsorption studies of 4-methylaniline on XAD-4, ZH-02 and ZH-03 at 288 K show that the breakthrough capacities are 2.39, 2.99 and 3.19 mmol/g and the total capacities are 3.45, 3.92 and 4.35 mmol/g, respectively.     

甲烷氧化偶联催化反应的特征

应用程序升温反应（ＴＰＲ）及质谱分析表征了ＣａＯ，Ｓｍ２Ｏ３，０．５－１０％Ｓｍ／ＣａＯ催化剂上的甲烷氧化偶联反应特性。谱图分析表明，在４００－１０００℃范围内，甲烷氧化偶联反应产物的变化呈现三个反应温度区域：（１）完全氧化区，反应主要为ＣＨ３·在催化剂表面完全氧化形成ＣＯｘ和Ｈ２：（２）偶联区，主要为ＣＨ３·的氧化和偶联竞争反应，Ｈ２谱线出现明显的低温峰；（３）氧耗尽区，反应为高温气相反应，产物     

Characterization of Titania/Silica Gel by Means of Low-Pressure Nitrogen Adsorption

Adsorbents synthesized by grafting of titania onto mesoporous silica gel surfaces at different temperatures were studied by means of nitrogen adsorption–desorption and water desorption. The pore size distribution f(R_p) of titania/silica gel depends on the titania concentration (C_TiO2) and the temperature of titania synthesis. Nonuniformity of TiO₂ phase is maximal at a low C_TiO2 value (3.2 wt.% anatase deposited at 473 K), and two peaks of the fractal dimension distribution f(D) are observed at such a concentration of titania, but at larger C_TiO2 values, only one f(D) peak is seen. More ordered filling of pores and adsorption sites by nitrogen, reflecting in the shape of adsorption energy distributions f(E) at different pressures of adsorbate, is observed for adsorbent with titania (rutile+anatase) grafted on silica gel at a higher temperature (673 K).