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The main approaches that have been taken to chemically modify polymer surfaces are introduced and reviewed. These are wet chemical oxidation, plasma treatment, classical organic chemistry, and attachment of polymer chains. The extent to which each of these approaches can produce the specific modifications desired is discussed, and any unwanted effects that commonly occur are cited. Finally, the need for using several methods of surface analysis in concert to obtain adequate surface characterization is described. 相似文献
23.
聚丙烯纤维辐射接枝进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对聚丙烯纤维的辐射接枝方法、特征和机理、以及其研究进展和表征进行了扼要综述。 相似文献
24.
醋酸乙烯酯在硅橡胶上的辐射接枝研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了不同溶剂中的醋酸乙烯酯在硅橡胶上的辐射接技状况及接枝后硅橡胶表面结构情况.结果表明:(1)在硅橡胶-乙酸乙酯-醋酸乙烯酯体系中,接枝有自加速效应;(2)适量加入对苯二酚,接枝诱导期延长,接枝速率下降,凝胶效应消失,辐射接技经验关联式为RP=0.27×[D](-0.560)×[I](0.490)×[C](0.920),接核反应为扩散控制反应;(3)不同的溶剂对硅橡胶接枝有不同的影响,如甲醇发生敏化作用,提高接枝速率,而苯发生惰化作用,降低接枝速率;(4)在合适的甲醇和苯配比时,接枝反应几乎恒速进行,用扫描电镜(SEM)观察断面,接枝区比较均一,出现微相分离. 相似文献
25.
Zauresh S. Nurkeeva Al-Sayed Abdel Aal Vitaliy V. Khutoryanskiy Grigoriy A. Mun Aida G. Beksyrgaeva 《Radiation Physics and Chemistry》2003,67(6):717-722
Gamma-radiation grafting of vinyl ether of monoethanolamine and vinyl ether of ethyleneglycol (VEEG) on polyethylene films has been studied from binary monomer mixtures. The effect of co-monomer composition and total exposure radiation dose on the grafting process is investigated. A combination of potentiometric and gravimetric techniques is applied to determine the grafting degree of each monomer in the final graft copolymer. The presence of more active monomer VEEG in the mixture was found to enhance the grafting of both monomers because the increasing of copolymerization rate which in turn increases the total grafting degree. The modification of the hydrophilic properties of the graft copolymer is studied by examining the grafted films for water- and copper (II) ions uptake. 相似文献
26.
27.
桑蚕丝素蛋白的结构、形态及其化学改性 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过对桑蚕吐丝机构的描述,着重从高分子科学的角度介绍桑蚕丝和蚕丝素蛋白大分子的组成、形态及各种化学、物理性质,讨论了蚕丝素蛋白的纤维化机理,并简述了丝索蛋白纤维的化学接枝改性及其应用。 相似文献
28.
甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯/苯乙烯固相接枝聚丙烯 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以苯乙烯(St)为共单体,过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)为引发剂,采用固相接枝反应将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)接枝到聚丙烯(PP)大分子链上。研究了反应时间、单体用量、引发剂用量等因素对接枝率的影响。采用凝胶渗透色谱(GPE)测定了PP和接枝物PP-g-(GMA-St)的分子量和分子量分布。结果 表明固相接枝PP反应条件为[GMA/[St]=2,反应3.5h,加入GMA 10份,BPO 5份。St的加入有助于GMA与PP的接枝,同时在一定程度上抑制了PP的降解。 相似文献
29.
El-Sayed A. Hegazy Ahmed M. Dessouki N. B. El-Assy Naeem M. El-Sawy M. A. Abd El-Ghaffar 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1992,30(9):1969-1976
Direct radiation-induced grafting of aqueous acrylic acid (AAc) onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene) (ET) film has been studied. The effect of grafting conditions such as monomer concentration, exposure dose, dose rate, and film thickness on the grafting yield was investigated. The dependence of the grafting rate on monomer concentration was found to be 1.2 order. The dependence of the grafting rate on dose rate was found to be 0.6 order regardless of the film thickness. The relationship between the grafting rate and film thickness gave a negative first-order dependence. The results suggest that the grafting process is mainly controlled by monomer diffusion, and it was concluded that this grafting system proceeded by the front mechanism. The swelling behavior increases linearly with degree of grafting. The electrical conductivity and mechanical properties for the trunk and grafted polymer were investigated at different irradiation doses in air and under vacuum irradiations. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
30.
Grafting of polystyrene with narrowly dispersed polymer microspheres through surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was investigated. Polydivinylbenzene (PDVB) microspheres were prepared by dispersion polymerization with poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) as stabilizer. The surfaces of PDVB microspheres were chloromethylated by chloromethyl methyl ether in the presence of zinc chloride as catalyst to form chloromethylbenzene initiating core sites for subsequent ATRP grafting of styrene using CuCl/bpy as catalytic system. Polystyrene was found to be grafted not only from the particle surfaces but also from within a thin shell layer, resulting in the formation of particles size increased from 2.38-2.58μm, which can further grow to 2.93μm during secondary grafting polymerization of styrene. This demonstrates that grafting polymerization proceeds through a typical ATRP procedure with living nature. All of the prepared microspheres have narrow particle size distribution with coefficient of variation around 10%. 相似文献