Study of the influence of substituents on spectroscopic and photoelectric properties of zinc phthalocyanines

In this paper we describe conversion of light energy into electric energy in a photoelectrochemical cell containing zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) dyes. For all dyes investigated in liquid polyvinyl alcohol with dimethyl sulfoxide solution and located in the photoelectrochemical cell the following measurements have been done: absorption, fluorescence, photoacoustic spectra, photovoltaic spectra, kinetics of photocurrent and current–voltage characteristics. It has been shown that all dyes located in the photoelectrochemical cell are able to convert light into electric energy but with different effectiveness. The influence of substituted different peripheral groups to ZnPc core and the correlation between the molecular structure and effectiveness of solar to electric energy conversion were observed and described. The unique behavior of ZnPc substituted with fluorines was indicated.     

SO42-促进的中孔含锆分子筛催化合成乙酸松油酯的研究

合成了中孔含锆分子筛Zr-MCM-41，用H2SO4对Zr-MCM-41进行修饰，得到SO4^2-促进的中孔含锆分子筛SO4^2-／Zr-MCM-41．通过XRD、FT—IR表征了其结构．结果表明：Zr—MCM-41和SO4^2-／Zr—MCM-41具有中孔分子筛的特征结构、良好的长程有序性和结晶度；SO4^2-已进入Zr—MCM-41骨架内部，并与骨架原子形成了化学键，从而产生强酸中心，将SO4^2-／Zr—MCM-41用于催化合成乙酸松油酯，考察了催化剂的种类、反应温度、反应时间及反应物配比对松油醇酯化反应结果的影响．     

Investigation on the Performance of Supported Molybdenum Carbide for the Partial Oxidation of Methane

The performance of uspported and unsupported molybdenum carbide for the partial oxidation of methane (POM) to syngas was investgated.An evaluation of the catalysts indicates that bulk molybdenum carbied has a higher methane conversion during the initial stage but a lower selectivity to CO and H2/CO ratio in the products.The rapid deactivation of the catalyst is also a significant problem.However,the supported molybdenum carbide catalyst shows a much higher methane conversion,increased selectivity and significantly improved catalytic stability.The characterization by XRD and BET specific area measurements depict an improved dispersion of molybdenum carbide when using alumina as a carrier.The bulk or the supported molybdenum carbide exists in the β-Mo2C phase,while it is transformed into molybdenum dioxide postcatalysis which is an improtant cause of molybdenum carbide deactivation.     

Photovoltaic and spectral properties of tetraphenyloporphyrin and metallotetraphenyloporphyrin dyes

Spectroscopical properties and photocurrent (or photovoltage) of tetraphenyloporphyrins and metallotetraphenyloporphyrins in nematic liquid crystal have been studied. Photoelectric response has been measured in an electrochemical cell made of the semitransparent semiconducting and golden electrodes with porphyrin dyes embedded in liquid crystal. Fluorescence, time-resolved luminescence in microsecond time scale and photoacoustic spectra have also been measured. The competition between radiative, non-radiative processes and charge transfer is discussed. It has been shown that effectivity of porphyrins for photocurrent generation depends on the presence/absence of central metal in the macrocycle of porphyrin skeleton and the kind of metal. The schematic model of the contributions of the dye molecule and semiconducting electrode in the electron transfer process is shown.     

Chemical fixation of CO2 with highly efficient ZnCl2/[BMIm]Br catalyst system

The chemical fixation of CO₂ with mono-substituted terminal epoxides or cyclohexene oxide to form cyclic carbonates under the ZnCl₂/[BMIm]Br catalyst system without using additional organic solvents was achieved in excellent selectivity (>98%) and TOF (5410 h⁻¹) and the catalyst could be used six times almost without losing its catalytic activity and selectivity. Besides, the pure cis-cyclic carbonate of cyclohexene oxide was obtained in this catalyst system.     

稀土化合物在高分子科学中的应用研究进展

综述了稀土化合物在高分子科学中的广泛应用:烯烃聚合/共聚合催化剂、聚氯乙烯的热稳定剂、填充改性聚合物和制备功能材料等,并涉及了笔者在稀土催化接枝改性领域的最新研究成果.     

丙烯环氧化反应中TS-1催化剂失活研究

采用丙烯气相进料，在预混段中先与双氧水的甲醇溶液混合后进入固定床反应器，考察了进料液中pH值、丙二醇单甲醚、乙硫醇以及铁锈等对丙烯环氧化连续反应中TS-1分子筛催化剂性能的影响。结果表明，进料液体pH值对催化剂的催化性能有影响，适宜的进料液体pH值在7左右；副产物丙二醇单甲醚含量的增加不会对催化剂性能产生影响；乙硫醇量的增加使环氧丙烷选择性下降，但不会引起催化剂的失活；而进料液体中铁锈的引入会导致催化剂中部分孔堵塞，使催化剂部分失活。当进料液中的pH值用0.1mol/L的氨水调节为7左右，在反应温度55℃,反应压力0.7MPa，TS-1催化剂具有较好的稳定性，经130h的连续试验考察，双氧水的转化率和环氧丙烷的选择性约为90%。     

过渡金属配合物催化剂及其分子设计构思的发展与相互作用

讨论了某些不对称合成和α－烯烃定向配位聚合及α－烯烃氢甲酰化的过渡金属配合物向络合催化剂的发展与催化剂分子设计构思的发展及相互促进作用，并藉以说明过渡金属配合物定向络合物催化剂的分子设计已具备向计算机辅助设计发展的科学基础。     

全硅MCM-41担载的加氢脱硫催化剂的TPR研究

用TRP技术研究了以全硅MCM-41(Si-MCM-41)和HNO3交换的全硅MCM-41(H-MCM-41)为载体制备的Ni-Mo、Co-Mo和Ni-W加氢脱硫(HDS)催化剂的还原性能，并以0．8(wt)％二苯并噻吩(DBT)的十氢萘溶液为模型化合物，在高压固定床反应器上考察了上述催化剂的加氢脱硫(HDS)反应性能。结果表明，Si-MCM-41经稀HNO3交换后，所担载的Ni-Mo和Ni-W催化剂还原性能、HDS活性和加氢活性有显著变化，但对Co-Mo催化剂影响不大。这说明在Ni-Mo／H-MCM-41和Ni-W／H-MCM-41中可能存在氢溢流现象，DBT的HDS活性与载体表面酸性和氢溢流有关。     

钯催化气相氧化羰基化合成碳酸二甲酯

通过催化剂反应性能和反应前后XPS谱图对比，分析了负载型钯催化剂在甲醇气相氧化羰基化合成碳酸二甲酯过程中的失活原因，研究了HCl在维持催化剂活性及失活催化剂再生中的作用．结果表明，氯离子的流失是负载型钯碳催化剂失活的主要原因．由于氯离子的流失，对于PdCl2／AC催化剂，钯很容易从二价变为零价：对于PdCl2-CuCl2／AC催化剂，CuCl2发生变化，失去使钯保持二价氯化物状态的功能．在反应过程中补充HCl可以延长催化剂的寿命，也可以利用HCl对失活催化剂进行再生，但采用HCl不能从根本上解决催化剂失活的问题．