Destabilization of artificial biomembrane induced by the penetration of tryptophan

The effect of tryptophan on the membrane stability was studied by using three artificial biological membranes including liposome, Langmuir monolayer and solid supported bilayer lipid membrane (s-BLM) as models. All the results indicate that the penetration of tryptophan can destabilize different artificial biological membranes. The diameter of liposome and the leakage of calcein from liposome increased with the increase of tryptophan concentration because the penetration of tryptophan was beneficial for dehydrating the polar head groups of lipids and the formation of fusion intermediates. π-A isotherms of lecithin on the subphase of tryptophan solution further confirm that tryptophan can penetrate into lipid monolayer and reduce the stability of lipid monolayer. When the concentration of tryptophan increased from 0 to 2 × 10⁻³ mol L⁻¹, the limiting molecular area of lecithin increased from 110.5 to 138.5 Å², but the collapse pressure of the monolayer decreased from 47.6 to 42.3 mN m⁻¹, indicating the destabilization of lipid monolayer caused by the penetration of tryptophan. The resistance spectra of s-BLM demonstrate that the existence of tryptophan leads to the formation of some defects in s-BLM and the destabilization of s-BLM. The values of electron-transfer resistance and double layer capacitance respectively decreased from 5.765 × 10⁶ Ω and 3.573 × 10⁻⁸ F to 1.391 × 10⁶ Ω and 3.340 × 10⁻⁸ F when the concentration of tryptophan increased from 0 to 2 × 10⁻³ mol L⁻¹. Correspondingly, the breakdown voltage of s-BLM decreased from 2.51 to 1.72 V.     

Rayleigh Scattering for An Electromagnetic Anisotropic Medium Sphere

Based on the scales theory of electromagnetic waves, the analytical expression of electrical fields inside an anisotropic medium sphere is studied. Differential scattering cross section and radar cross section （RCS） for an anisotropic spherical target are presented. The correctness of the obtained results is tested. The simulation results show that the scattering of an anisotropic sphere has the property of a dipole radiation under the condition of Rayleigh scattering. The larger the dielectric constant is, the stronger the dipole scattering is. Anisotropy in magnetism only has an effect on differential RCS. These results provide a theoretical base for the identification of anisotropic targets.     

大功率4K脉管制冷机模拟和实验研究

提高液氦温区脉管制冷机的制冷量对于冷却超导磁体和氦液化具有重要意义。本文将已成功应用于单级脉管制冷机和4 K G-M制冷机模拟的回热器模拟软件REGEN用于液氦温区脉管制冷机二级回热器的模拟。计算结果显示,脉管制冷机在4.2 K的制冷量一定程度上随着二级质量流量的增加而增大。在此基础上,我们在实验中采用不同质量流量的压...     

Novel correction method for X-ray beam energy fluctuation of high energy DR system with a linear detector

A high energy digital radiography (DR) testing system has generated diverse scientific and technological interest in the field of industrial non-destructive testing. However, due to the limitations of manufacturing technology for accelerators, an energy fluctuation of the X-ray beam exists and leads to bright and dark streak artifacts in the DR image. Here we report the utilization of a new software-based method to correct the fluctuation artifacts. The correction method is performed using a high pass filtering operation to extract the high frequency information that reflects the X-ray beam energy fluctuation, and then subtracting it from the original image. Our experimental results show that this method is able to rule out the artifacts effectively and is readily implemented on a practical scanning system.     

同轴电喷法制备PCL-蛋清体系复合微胶囊

以鸡蛋的卵清蛋白作为蛋白质药物模板、生物可降解材料聚己内酯(PCL)为药物载体模板,采用同轴电喷法制备PCL-蛋清体系的复合微球.研究了电导率、黏度对于电喷微球成型的影响.核壳溶液推进速率比、电压、溶液质量分数和接收距离等对于所得微球表面形态和结构的影响.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了微球的表面形态,用荧光显微镜表征了微球的包覆模式.结果表明:同轴电喷法可以制备PCL-蛋清体系的复合结构微胶囊,其中推进速率比对微球形貌、粒径及其分布的影响比较明显,当PCL与蛋清溶液推进速率比大于10时,将出现具有包覆结构的微球.     

Amide-Directed C−H Sodiation by a Sodium Hydride/Iodide Composite

A new protocol for amide-directed ortho and lateral C−H sodiation is enabled by sodium hydride (NaH) in the presence of either sodium iodide (NaI) or lithium iodide (LiI). The transient organosodium intermediates could be transformed into functionalized aromatic compounds.     

用于水中有机磷农药检测的离子迁移率谱仪预富集进样方法

建立了检测水中有机磷农药的离子迁移率谱仪预富集进样方法。预富集器由表面覆盖有吸附薄膜的微热板、聚四氟乙烯电路板和管座组成,具有操作简单,无需有机溶剂,自加热,热容小,功耗低等优点。以马拉硫磷检测为例,分析了富集器解吸升温速率和离子迁移率谱仪半透膜温度对检测结果的影响。采用高温短时脉冲加热和低温维持加热相结合的解吸方式,既可形成较高的进样浓度脉冲,又可减少进入漂移管的杂质,有利于提高离子迁移率谱仪检测灵敏度。实验表明:采用所述预富集及两阶段加热解吸进样方法,对水中马拉硫磷的检出限为3.9μg/L,达到了国家标准对水中有机磷检测的要求。     

旋转滑动弧氩等离子体裂解甲烷制氢

采用切向气流和磁场协同驱动的旋转滑动弧氩等离子体,先通过光谱分析法计算了其电子温度和电子密度,了解其物理特性,将其应用于甲烷裂解制氢,研究了进气流量和CH_4/Ar比对反应效果的影响。结果表明,该滑动弧系统电子温度为1.0-2.0 e V,电子密度高达1015cm~(-3),是介于热与低温等离子体之间的一种等离子体形式,具有独特的物理特性,可以在达到较高反应效率的同时,保持较大的处理量;在CH_4裂解制氢实验中,CH_4转化率可达22.1%-70.2%,并随进气流量和CH_4/Ar比的增大均逐渐降低;H_2选择性为21.2%-61.2%,并随进气流量的增大先基本不变后有所增大,随CH_4/Ar比的增大逐渐降低;与应用于甲烷裂解的不同形式的低温等离子体对比(如微波、射频、介质阻挡放电等)可以发现,旋转滑动弧在获得较高甲烷转化率、较高H_2选择性和较低制氢能耗的同时,还可以保持较大的处理量,即进气流量可达6-20 L/min。     

The Tetracyanopyridinide Dimer Dianion, σ‐[TCNPy]22−

The reaction of 2,3,5,6‐tetracyanopyridine (TCNPy) and Cr(C₆H₆)₂ forms diamagnetic σ‐[TCNPy]₂^2? possessing a 1.572(3) Å intrafragment sp³–sp³ bond. This is in contrast to the structurally related 1,2,4,5‐tetracyanobenzene and 1,2,4,5‐tetracyanopyrazine that form π‐dimer dianions possessing long, multicenter bonds.