声光可调-近红外光谱技术分析烟草主要化学成分

建立了声光可调-近红外光谱方法(AOTF-NIR)检测烟草主要化学成分的方法。应用AOTF-NIR光谱仪测定了不同地区、不同等级烟草样品的近红外光谱,用Unscrambler(定量分析软件将光谱与对应的化学成分值相关联,建立了烟草中总糖、还原糖、总烟碱和钾的回归模型。用这些模型对未知样品进行了预测。总糖、还原糖、总烟碱和钾模型预测的平均相对标准偏差分别为2.71%、3.13%、4.04%和6.42%。     

剪切历史对尼龙熔体结晶行为的影响

采用差示扫描量热法研究了原始聚酰胺材料在经历不同的预剪切过程或应用不同设备进行剪切后其结晶行为的变化,结果表明,原始样品经过预剪切后,结晶温度升高5～10℃,半结晶时间降低到原始样品的一半.当聚酰胺材料经历很低的剪切时其结晶温度就有很大的提高,进一步提高剪切强度,结晶温度的增加趋势变缓.偏光显微镜观察表明有剪切历史的样品,球晶尺寸减小.作为对此,聚烯烃和聚酯材料的结晶对剪切历史不敏感,剪切与非剪切样品的结晶行为基本相同,据此推测聚酰胺分子间氢键可能是这种剪切记忆效应产生的原因.     

CVD法不同条件下制备的多壁碳纳米管的Fenton氧化改性

碳纳米管经焙烧和稀硝酸纯化处理后,在相同的实验条件下,采用Fenton试剂产生的·OH分别对CVD法合成的两种制备条件不同的多壁碳纳米管进行氧化改性处理。红外光谱(FT IR)表明,改性后的两种碳管结构中都引入了羟基、羰基和羧基等含氧官能团。此外,由于制备条件不同,导致它们的石墨化程度、缺陷含量和抗氧化能力等性质也不同,因此CVD法制备条件能够对碳管Fenton氧化改性结果产生重要影响。机理分析表明,这些含氧官能团可以看作是具有强亲电性和强氧化性的·OH对碳管上缺陷位置和不饱和键进行攻击的结果。     

三元配合物钯（Ⅱ）-2,2''-联吡啶-L-天冬氨酸与DNA作用研究

The ternary complex Pd(Ⅱ)-2,2‘-bipyridine-L-asparagic acid was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR-spectra and molar conductance. The formula of the complex is Pd(bipy)(L-asp). The interaction of the complex with DNA has been studied by UV-spectra, fluorescence spectra, CD-spectra and gel electrophoresis. The results showed that the interaction of the complex with DNA performed mainly in intercalative mode and the extent of interaction was dependent on the concentration of the complex.     

Large scale Biginelli reaction via water-based biphasic media: a green chemistry strategy

An important stage in process development is kilo scale preparation of the target compound. For this reason, a procedure involving water-based biphasic reaction media has been developed for conducting some exothermic reactions on a large scale. This protocol is illustrated by the energy-efficient and rapid preparation of dihydropyrimidinones by a solvent-free, green chemistry procedure applied to the Biginelli reaction using p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst.     

Zn_2Al－PW_（12－n）V_nO_（40）（n＝1～4）的合成与表征

Ｚｎ_２Ａｌ－ＰＷ_（１２－ｎ）Ｖ_ｎＯ_（４０）（ｎ＝１～４）的合成与表征郭军，孙铁，沈剑平，蒋大振闵恩泽（吉林大学化学系，长春，１３００２３）（石油化工科学研究院）关键词Ｐ－Ｗ－Ｖ杂多阴离子，柱撑水滑石，合成同多和杂多阴离子柱撑水滑石（简称ＰＯＭｓ－...     

Intramolecular proton transfer induced by divalent alkali earth metal cation in the gas state

Interactions between divalent alkali earth metal (DAEM) ions M (M?Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) and the second stable glycine conformer in the gas phase, which can transfer into the ground‐state glycine‐M²⁺ (except the glycine–Be²⁺) among each corresponding isomers when these divalent metal ions are bound, are studied at the hybrid three‐parameter B3LYP level with three different basis sets. Proton transfers from the hydroxyl to the amino nitrogen of the glycine without energy barriers have been first observed in the gas phase in these glycine–M²⁺ systems. The interaction between the glycine and these DAEM ions except beryllium and magnesium ion only create an amino hydrogen pointing to the original hydroxyl due to their weaker interaction relative to those divalent transition metal (DTM) ion‐bound glycine derivatives, being obviously different from that between the glycine and DTM ions, in which two amino hydrogens point to the original hydroxyl oxygen when these metal‐chelated glycine derivatives are produced. The interaction energy between the glycine and divalent magnesium would be the boundary of one or two amino hydrogens pointing to the hydrogyl oxygen, i.e., the ?170.3 kcal/mol of binding energy is a critical point. Similar intramolecular proton transfer has also been predicted for those DTM ion‐chelated glycine systems; however, that in the gas state has not been observed in the monovalent metal ion‐coordinated glycine systems. The binding energy between some monovalent TM ion and the glycine is similar to that of the glycine–Ba²⁺, which has the lowest binding strength among these DAEM–ion chelated glycine complexes. The difference among them only lies in the larger electrostatic and polarized effects in the latter, which favor the stability of the zwitterionic glycine form in the gas phase. According to these observations, we predict that the zwitterionic glycine would exist in the field of two positive charges in the gas phase. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 94: 205–214, 2003     

SAPO-34分子筛骨架稳定性的研究

利用差热分析，原位ＸＲＤ技术，高温条件下的焙烧和水蒸气处理并关联其催化性能变化，研究了ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛的热及水热稳定性，差热分析结果表明，ＳＡＰＯ－３４的骨架破坏温度高于１３００Ｋ，原位ＸＲＤ跟踪研究证实，ＳＡＰＯ－３４分子筛原粉在高温焙烧以除掉有机胺及随后的降温过程中无明显的骨架破坏；而焙烧型ＳＡＰＯ－３４在空气中放置一定时间后，水分子吸附微孔中明业降低样品的ＸＲＤ峰强度，且降低幅度随放置时     

Polymer bound glutamic acid salicylaldehyde Schiff‐base complex ­catalyst for oxidation of olefins with ­dioxygen

The polymer bound Schiff‐base ligand (PS‐SalGlu) has been prepared from polystyrene bound salicylaldehyde and glutamic acid, and its complex (PS‐SalGlu‐Co) has also been synthesized. The polymer ligand and its complex were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, small area X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectro (ICP‐AFS). In the presence of the complex, cyclohexene can be effectively oxidized by molecular oxygen without reductant. The long‐chain linear aliphatic olefins, such as 1‐octene, 1‐decene, 1‐dodecene and 1‐tetradecene, can be directly oxidized by molecular oxygen catalyzed by PS‐SalGlu‐Co, which affords the 1,2‐epoxy alkane. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Action of the Selenomorpholine Compounds on Escherichia coli Growth by Microcalorimetry

The action of three kinds of the selenomorpholine compounds on a strain ofEscherichia coli was studied by microcalorimetry. Differences in their capacities to affect the metabolism of this bacterium were observed. The extent and duration of the effect on the metabolism as judged from the rate constant (k) of Escherichia coli (in log phase) varied with the different drugs. The kinetics show that selenomorpholine compounds had an effect on the metabolism process of Escherichia coli. The k of Escherichia coli in the presence of the drugs increased with the increasing concentrations of the drugs (C) at low concentration; but at high concentration, the rate constant decreased with the increasing concentrations of the drugs. The experimental results reveal that the sequence of antibiotic activity of selenomorpholines is: N-selenomorpholinemethyl succinimide and its hydrochloride>N-(α-selenomorpholinebenzyl) succinimide. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.