Storage and retrieval of ultraslow optical solitons in coherent atomic system

We investigate the propagation of intense probe pulses in a lifetime broadened Λ-type three-level atomic system with a configuration of electromagnetically induced transparency. We find that ultraslow optical solitons formed by a balance between dispersion and nonlinearity can be stored and retrieved in the system by switching off and on a control field. Such pulses are robust during storage and retrieval, and hence may have potential applications in optical and quantum information processing.     

正电晕放电等离子体降解甲醛气体

甲醛作为一种典型的挥发性有机物(VOCs),是室内空气污染的主要来源。近年来,大气压放电等离子体用于环境治理成为研究热点。本文设计制作了一种基于S型气体通道的多针对板的放电反应器,采用高压直流电源放电产生电晕,利用空气电离产生的活性成分来达到降解甲醛气体的目的。研究结果表明：随着施加电压的增高,甲醛降解率也随之提高,施加电压为18.5 kV时甲醛降解能量效率达到最大值;随着气体流速的增加,甲醛降解率随之降低,气体流量为30 L/min时能量效率最大;随着甲醛初始浓度的增加,降解率随之降低;在电晕放电所产生的成分中,臭氧与甲醛降解关系密切,有无甲醛两种条件下,放电生成的臭氧浓度变化与甲醛浓度变化规律相似;S型放电通道设计使等离子体降解甲醛更高效,在大流量处理甲醛气体的应用中具有现实意义。     

Dependence of Crystal Quality and β Value on Synthesis Temperature in Growing Gem Diamond Crystals

High quality Ib gem diamond single crystals were synthesized in cubic anvil high-pressure apparatus （SPD- 6 × 1200） under 5.4GPa and 1230℃-1280℃. The （100） face of seed crystal was used as growth face, and Ni70Mn25Co5 alloy was used as solvent/catalyst. The dependence of crystal quality andβ value （the ratio of height to diameter of diamond crystal） on synthesis temperature was studied. When the synthesis temperature is between 1230℃ and 1280℃, theβ value of the synthetic high-quality gem diamond crystals is between 0.4 and 0.6. The results show that when theβ value is between 0.4 and O. 45, the synthetic diamonds are sheet-shape crystals; however, when theβ value is between 0.45 and 0.6, the synthetic diamonds are tower-shape crystals. In addition, when theβ value is less than 0.4, skeleton crystals will appear. When theβ value is more than 0.6, most of the synthetic diamond crystals are inferior crystals.     

构建实验问题整合探究教学模式 培养学生物理核心素养

首先,根据物理核心素养培养目标和高中物理实验复习教学特点,构建基于物理核心素养培养的实验问题整合探究教学模式;其次,给出实验问题整合探究教学模式实施策略;最后,结合具体教学实例阐述该教学模式实施的途径.     

以磷化铁为添加剂沿(111)面生长磷掺杂金刚石大单晶

掺杂是调控金刚石性能的一种重要手段。本文采用温度梯度法,在5.6 GPa、1 312 ℃的条件下,选用Fe₃P作为磷源进行磷掺杂金刚石大单晶的合成。金刚石样品的显微光学照片表明,随着Fe₃P添加比例的增加,金刚石晶体的颜色逐渐变深,包裹体数量逐渐增加,晶形由板状转变为塔状直至骸晶。金刚石晶形的变化表明Fe₃P的添加使生长金刚石的V形区向右偏移,这是Fe₃P改变触媒特性的缘故。红外光谱分析表明,Fe₃P的添加使金刚石晶体中氮含量上升,这说明磷的进入诱使氮原子更容易进入金刚石晶格中。激光拉曼光谱测试表明,随着Fe₃P添加比例的增加,所合成的掺磷金刚石的拉曼峰位变化不大,其半峰全宽(FWHM)值变大,这说明磷的进入使得金刚石晶格畸变增加。XPS测试结果显示,随着Fe₃P添加比例的增加,金刚石晶体中磷相对碳的原子百分含量也会增加,这意味着添加Fe₃P所合成的金刚石晶体中有磷存在。     

Predicting Quantum Many-Body Dynamics with Transferable Neural Net works

Advanced machine learning(ML)approaches such as transfer learning have seldom been applied to approximate quantum many-body systems.Here we demonstrate that a simple recurrent unit(SRU)based efficient and transferable sequence learning framework is capable of learning and accurately predicting the time evolution of the one-dimensional(ID)Ising model with simultaneous transverse and parallel magnetic fields,as quantitatively corroborated by relative entropy measurements between the predicted and exact state distributions.At a cost of constant computational complexity,a larger many-body state evolution is predicted in an autoregressive way from just one initial state,without any guidance or knowledge of any Hamiltonian.Our work paves the way for future applications of advanced ML methods in quantum many-body dynamics with knowledge only from a smaller system.     

基于纸芯片的离子选择性电极系统检测海水中钙离子

以滤纸为基底材料,通过滴涂导电碳浆及Ag/Ag Cl浆,分别制备了固态聚合物膜钙离子选择性指示电极和固态聚合物膜参比电极,构建了纸芯片离子选择性电极系统,用以检测海水中Ca~(2+)。实验中,优化了离子载体含量与离子选择性敏感膜厚度,考察了参比电极的稳定性及指示电极的选择性。结果表明,在0.5 mol/L NaCl背景下,该系统在1.0×10-4~3×10-2mol/L范围内呈现线性响应,响应斜率为24.3 m V/dec。将纸芯片电极用于实际海水样品中Ca~(2+)含量的测定,所得结果与电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法检测数据一致。     

仿生纳米硅结构减反射及陷光性能模拟研究EI北大核心CSCD

仿造蝉翼凸起状结构,建立了硅纳米锥模型,在此基础上研究其减反射及陷光性能与其底部直径、高度的关系,确定直径150nm、高度500nm为其最优结构参数,该参数的纳米锥结构在300~1200nm波段平均反射率为1%.将优化的纳米锥结构与平板结构以及相同参数的纳米柱结构进行了比较,从反射曲线、电场强度分布、能量吸收密度分布、电子生成速度分布多个角度证实了纳米锥结构优异的减反射及陷光性能,为硅基光伏器件减反射陷光微结构设计提供了参考.     

2-(5-取代苯氧甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-亚胺基)-5-(取代苯基亚甲基)-4- 噻唑啉酮的合成

以2-氨基-5-取代苯氧甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑(1)为起始原料, 合成了中间体2-氯乙酰氨基-5-取代苯氧甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑)-2-乙酰亚胺(2)和2-(5-取代苯氧甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-亚胺基)-4-噻唑啉酮(3), 化合物3进一步与取代苯甲醛发生类Knoevenagle缩合反应, 得到了一系列2-(5-取代苯氧甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-亚胺基)-5-(取代苯基亚甲基)-4-噻唑啉酮类化合物4a～4p. 目标化合物4a～4p的结构经IR, ¹H NMR和元素分析确证.     

滴定法测定含硼富燃推进剂燃烧残渣中总硼含量

为了深入研究含硼富燃料推进剂一次燃烧反应机理,为化学反应机理的研究提供直接的试验依据,测定燃烧残渣中物质的量是十分必要的.含硼富燃料固体推进剂在纯氮气中点火燃烧后的燃烧残渣中总硼含量的测定方法,国内尚无统一的方法.目前硼粉纯度检测时多采用硝酸溶解,用指示剂法或电位滴定法进行滴定.