关于格的卡氏积的特征多项式和几何性

利用格L_i(i=1,2)的性质研究了它们的卡氏积L=L_1×L_2的性质,得到了L的秩函数、Mbius函数和特征多项式,并且由L_i的几何性证明了L的几何性.     

乙腈(丙酮)α-C嵌入合成2-取代环戊烯并[c]色烯衍生物

报道了氧联1,7-烯炔与乙腈、丙酮通过α-C嵌入方式合成2-取代环戊烯并[c]色烯衍生物.本反应具有底物范围广、基团兼容性好及产率良好等优点.研究表明这是一个自由基反应过程,也是构建含氧杂环一个有效的方法.产物2-氰基-3a,8-二甲基-1-对氟苯基-2,3,3a,4-四氢环戊烯并[c]色烯(3am)的晶体衍射分析进一...     

思维导图在物理教学中的应用

思维导图作为一种新型的可视化工具,其最大特点即是发散性.将思维导图应用于物理教学中,有助于教师理清教学内容的知识点及其主次关系,可以有效防止由于课堂生成而造成的知识点遗漏的现象发生.     

Magnetic transition and large reversible magnetocaloric effect in EuCu1.75P2 compound

The magnetocaloric effect(MCE) in EuCu1.75P2 compound is studied by the magnetization and heat capacity measurements.Magnetization and modified Arrott plots indicate that the compound undergoes a second-order phase transition at TC ～ 51 K.A large reversible MCE is observed around TC.The values of maximum magnetic entropy change(-△SxMma) reach 5.6 J·kg-1·K-1 and 13.3 J·kg-1·K-1 for the field change of 2 T and 7 T,respectively,with no obvious hysteresis loss in the vicinity of Curie temperature.The corresponding maximum adiabatic temperature changes(△Tadmax) are evaluated to be 2.1 K and 5.0 K.The magnetic transition and the origin of large MCE in EuCu1.75P2 are also discussed.     

Baseline drift effect on the performance of neutron and γ ray discrimination using frequency gradient analysis

Frequency gradient analysis (FGA) effectively discriminates neutrons and γ rays by examining the frequency-domain features of the photomultiplier tube anode signal. This approach is insensitive to noise but is inevitably affected by the baseline drift similar to other pulse shape discrimination methods. The baseline drift effect is attributed to factors such as power line fluctuation, dark current, noise disturbances, hum, and pulse tail in front-end electronics. This effect needs to be elucidated and quantified before the baseline shift can be estimated and removed from the captured signal. Therefore, the effect of baseline shift on the discrimination performance of neutrons and γ rays with organic scintillation detectors using FGA is investigated in this paper. The relationship between the baseline shift and discrimination parameters of FGA is derived and verified by an experimental system consisting of an americium-beryllium source, a BC501A liquid scintillator detector, and a 5 GSample/s 8-bit oscilloscope. The theoretical and experimental results both show that the estimation of the baseline shift is necessary, and the removal of baseline drift from the pulse shapes can improve the discrimination performance of FGA.     

Hybrid Optoelectronic Bistability in Frequency-Domain and Its Potential Application in FBG Sensors

We propose a novel optical bistable device （OBD） in frequency-domain with which we can perform optical bistable operations in a number of fibre Bragg gratings （FBGs） which are included in the same OBD. Such an OBD may bring more opportunities in applications and, as an example, we show the possibility of using it in an FBG sensor demodulating system. By use of a tunable light source, consisting of a broad band source and a scanning fibre F-P （FFP）, we demonstrate the above-mentioned operations experimentally.     

电气材料铜及铜合金中痕量杂质砷元素的氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定

本文建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定电气材料铜及铜合金中痕量杂质元素砷的方法。通过使用L-半胱氨酸与铜基体形成络合物,抗坏血酸充分预还原砷,消除了基体干扰,并实现了铜及铜合金中痕量杂质砷的准确测定。在经过优化的实验条件下,砷的检出限为0.12 ng·m L-1,线性相关系数优于0.999,相对标准偏差小于4%。用加标回收法测定实际样品,回收率在92%到103%之间。该法操作简便,灵敏度高,无需基体预分离。     

水热法制备Cu-HMS催化剂及其催化草酸二甲酯加氢性能的研究

以十六胺为模板剂,采用水热合成法制备了一系列不同铜负载量的Cu-HMS催化剂,并考察了其对草酸二甲酯加氢制乙二醇反应的催化性能.同时,通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、N_2低温吸附脱附、红外光谱(FI-IR)、H_2程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)及透射电镜(TEM)等手段对催化剂进行了系统表征.结果表明,铜负载量对催化剂活性组分的分散性和载体之间的相互作用力影响很大.实验结果表明,以20%铜负载量制备的Cu-HMS催化剂催化性能优势明显.在反应温度为205℃、压力为2.0 MPa、氢酯比为80 mol/mol及液时空速为0.4 h-1的条件下,草酸二甲酯的转化率接近100%,乙二醇的选择性高达98.11%.     

近红外光驱动的UCNPs/Zn_xCd_(1-x)S纳米复合结构的化学合成并用于光化学还原六价铬（英文）

近红外光约占入射太阳能的44%以上,为实现太阳能量的最大化利用,近红外光(NIR)驱动的光催化技术成为科学研究的热点.由于上转换荧光纳米材料(UCNPs)是优良的红外能量转换器,合金半导体Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S具有较好的化学稳定性以及生物相容性,本文发展了一种简易的水热法,将UCNPs和Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S合金结合,成功构建了NIR与可见光响应的核壳纳米结构.由于这两种材料的晶格失配度较高,很难直接外延生长,我们通过引入非晶TiO_2将形成的催化剂纳米颗粒Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S紧紧束缚在UCNPs外面形成蛋黄-蛋壳结构,在NIR光照下获得了较高的能量转换效率.首先,在UCNPs外面外延生长一层复合物,形成复合纳米结构,然后在其核壳结构外面外延生长薄层的非晶以稳定后续要制备的合金半导体Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S;在水热条件下,与醋酸镉和硫脲反应,形成UCNPs@Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S/TiO_2复合材料.在此,我们选择Yb(20%),Er(2%)作为NIR的能量转换器.样品的形貌、物相及化学组成分别采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射和原子吸收光谱法进行表征.研究表明,我们成功制备了具有蛋黄-蛋壳结构的UCNPs@Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S/TiO_2纳米颗粒.此外,非晶态TiO_2将UCNPs与Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S紧密结合,对最终样品UCNPs@Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S核壳纳米粒子的形成起到重要作用.而且,合金Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S的化学组成可通过调整镉源和锌源的用量进行调节.所制备的UCNPs@Zn_xC d_(1‐x)S核壳纳米粒子在NIR光线或模拟太阳光照射下显示出高效的光化学还原Cr(Ⅵ)性能.溶液中70%以上的Cr(Ⅵ)在NIR光照射30 min后被还原为Cr(Ⅲ).本研究将为环境污水处理和太阳能利用提供一种可供选择的策略,且所制的复合纳米结构在肿瘤治疗、药物释放和能量转换等领域也有着潜在的应用价值.     

咪唑接枝交联型磺化聚醚醚酮质子交换膜的制备及在直接甲醇燃料电池中的应用

通过咪唑接枝、共价交联制备出交联型咪唑改性磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)质子交换膜.通过接枝咪唑可以大幅提高质子电导率,25℃下电导率可达0.14 S/cm,高于Nafion膜(0.086 S/cm),并随着交联度的增加,质子电导率逐渐降低,但交联膜的致密网络结构使得甲醇渗透明显降低,当交联度为20%时膜的电导率和甲醇选择性分别高达0.105 S/cm和4.57×10~5S·s/cm~3,实现了质子电导和甲醇阻隔的均衡.通过共价交联,膜的氧化稳定性和尺寸稳定性大幅提升.采用交联度为20%的改性SPEEK膜,被动式直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)在25℃下的最大输出功率密度达29.7 mW/cm~2,可与商业化Nafion 115膜相媲美,展现出良好的应用前景.