基于子网划分的电网关键节点识别

结合电网拓扑结构和潮流追踪技术,提出一种基于子网划分的电网关键节点识别方法。首先,根据发电机节点的邻域信息和功率将发电机节点划分为不同的子集,然后根据电网的系数分配矩阵将负荷节点划分到为其提供最大功率的发电机节点子集中,完成子网划分。接着采用多属性决策法对每个子网的节点进行排序,进一步改进并计算每个子网的结构系数,作为衡量子网重要性的指标。根据子网重要性,从每个子网中提取特定比例的候选关键节点,对这些候选节点依据多属性决策法重新排序,得到关键节点的最终排序。以IEEE14、IEEE57和IEEE118三种节点系统为例进行分析,得到各个系统的子网划分结果和各个标准网络的重要节点排序结果。采用本文方法、PageRank法和多属性决策法分别进行关键节点排序,并对排序靠前的关键节点进行级联故障性能实验和网络效能实验。实验表明,本文算法选择的关键节点对整个网络的传播性能影响最大,优于其他两种关键节点识别方法。     

一种Gemini表面活性剂合成及其在薄膜中的应用

通过硬脂酸乙酯、甲酸乙酯、1,2-二溴乙烷、无水乙醇、金属钠、二聚甘油等原料合成非离子Gemini表面活性剂-Gemini硬脂酸二聚甘油酯(PGGE)。利用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对其进行了结构表征。测试了其性能,并与单硬脂酸二聚甘油酯(PGME)进行了比较。结果表明,该PGGE表面活性剂γcmc为31.1 mN.m-1,cmc为0.0039 mmol.L-1。将其用在农用塑料薄膜上,考察了其防雾滴性能,应用实验表明,该表面活性剂是一种性能优良的塑料薄膜防雾滴剂。     

旋转双层石墨烯的电子结构

本文将第一性原理和紧束缚方法结合起来, 研究了层间不同旋转角度对双层石墨烯的电子能带结构和态密度的影响. 分析发现, 旋转双层石墨烯具有线性的电子能量色散关系, 但其费米速度随着旋转角度的减小而降低. 进一步研究其电子能带结构发现, 不同旋转角度的双层石墨烯在M点可能会出现大小不同的的带隙, 而这些能隙会增强双层石墨烯的拉曼模强度, 并由拉曼光谱实验所证实. 通过对比双层石墨烯的晶体结构和电子态密度, 发现M点处带隙来自于晶体结构中的“类AB堆垛区”. 关键词： 旋转双层石墨烯 第一性原理 紧束缚 电子结构     

Electric-dipole transitions in ^165Er

High-spin states of ^165Er were studied using the ^160Gd（^9Be, 4n）reaction at beam energies of 42 and 45 MeV. The previously known bands based on the ν5/2^-[523] and ν5/2^＋[642] configurations have been extended to high-spin states. Electric-dipole transitions linking these two opposite parity bands were observed. Relatively large B（E1） values have been extracted experimentally and were attributed to octupole softness.     

Ca_2Y_8(SiO_4)_6O_2:Eu~(3+)荧光粉的制备、结构与荧光性质研究

采用高温固相法合成了具有高热稳定性的Ca_2Y_8(SiO_4)_6O_2:Eu~(3+)红色荧光粉。通过X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对样品的结构和形貌进行了系统地表征,结果表明成功地合成了Ca_2Y_8(SiO_4)_6O_2:Eu~(3+)荧光粉。在394 nm激发下,样品发出很强的红光,该发射来自于Eu~(3+)的5D~0→~7F_J(J=1, 2, 3, 4)。通过变温光谱分析了样品在303～563 K温度范围的热稳定性。随着温度的升高, Ca_2Y_8(SiO_4)_6O_2:0.3Eu~(3+)样品的发光先增强后减弱,在483 K时的发光最强为室温时的1.5倍。将Ca_2Y_8(SiO_4)_6O_2:0.3Eu~(3+)样品与蓝色荧光粉BaMgAl_(10)O_(17):Eu~(2+)和绿色荧光粉BaSiO_4:Eu~(2+)以及近紫外LED芯片(395 nm)进行封装,在不同电流激发下(20～140 mA),均获得了显色指数高于92,色温低于4000 K的暖白光。以上结果表明Ca_2Y_8(SiO_4)_6O_2:Eu~(3+)在白光LED领域具有非常好的潜在应用。     

Spatial chirp in Ti:sapphire multipass amplifier

The spatial chirp generated in the Ti:sapphire multipass amplifier is numerically investigated based on the onedimensional(1D) and two-dimensional(2D) Frantz–Nodvik equations. The simulation indicates that the spatial chirp is induced by the spatially inhomogeneous gain, and it can be almost eliminated by utilization of proper beam profiles and spot sizes of the signal and pump pulses, for example, the pump pulse has a top-hatted beam profile and the signal pulse has a super-Gaussian beam profile with a relatively larger spot size. In this way, a clear understanding of spatial chirp mechanisms in the Ti:sapphire multipass amplifier is proposed, therefore we can effectively almost eliminate the spatial chirp and improve the beam quality of a high-power Ti:sapphire chirped pulse amplifier system.     

“生物降解型水凝胶的制备与表征”综合实验设计

针对材料化学综合实验本科教学,以学生掌握吸水性水凝胶的制备、表征和性能测定方法为目的,以安全、实验历程适合课堂教学为原则,以羧甲基纤维素钠、丙烯酰胺和N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为主要原料,采用自由基接枝聚合的方法,制备了尿素缓释凝胶。利过傅里叶变换红外光谱对水凝胶的化学结构进行了表征,采用淋溶法测定了尿素缓释凝胶的缓释性能。该实验安全性高,易实施,操作难度适中,为材料化学相关本科实验教学提供参考。     

放疗中二次原发性肿瘤的研究进展

回顾了辐射致癌方面的研究进展和二次原发性肿瘤在放射医学领域中的提出和发展, 总结了辐射致癌的一般特征以及主要医用放射性装置对二次原发性肿瘤发病的影响。重点阐述了年龄、 性别、 组织敏感性和照射剂量等重要影响因素在二次原发性肿瘤发病上造成的差异和原因。讨论了部分潜在的影响因素。展望了二次原发性肿瘤方面研究的前景和在放射治疗领域中的重要意义。 The progress in radiocarcinogenesis research and recent concerns about second primary cancer incidence after radiotherapy are reviewed. Several generalizations about radiation carcinogenesis and a brief look into medical use radiation sources are also summarized. The mostly confirmed dominant risk factors of second primary cancer are elucidated, some potential risk factors are proposed and discussed briefly. At the end of this review we presented our perspective on the future of second primary cancer research and its potential benefit.     

X射线致HeLa细胞损伤过程中NADPH氧化酶的作用

以HeLa细胞为实验材料, 探讨了NADPH氧化酶在X射线诱导细胞损伤过程中的作用。 结果显示, 12 Gy X射线辐照后细胞内活性氧(ROS)明显增加, 在用NADPH氧化酶抑制剂处理后再辐照, 则细胞内ROS降低到未辐照水平; 同时辐照后NADPH 氧化酶细胞质亚基p47phox 在细胞质积聚并和细胞膜亚基 gp91phox 结合; Western blotting检测结果显示, NADPH 氧化酶的关键亚基 gp91phox 的表达量明显增加。 以上结果说明, NADPH氧化酶可以被X射线激活, 由其介导产生的ROS在X射线诱导HeLa细胞损伤过程中扮演重要角色。 To investigate the role of NADPH oxidase in HeLa cell lesion induced by X ray irradiation, the change of cell survival was detected with MTT assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by fluorospectrophotometer. Immunostaining and confocal laser scanning microscopy was employed to detect the co localization of two subunit of NADPH oxidase, p47phox and gp91phox in the cell. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of gp91phox before and after X ray irradiation. After X ray irradiation, intra cellular level of ROS increased obviously. But the increase could be blocked by diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase. Meanwhile, cytosolic subunit p47phox moved to membrane and co localizated with gp91phox after irradiation. Moreover, the results also show that gp91phox increased sharply after 12 Gy X ray irradiation. Therefore, NADPH oxidase mediated production of ROS plays an important role in HeLa cell lesion induced by X ray.     

油页岩原位注热开采储层有效热解区变化规律分析

针对油页岩原位注热开采过程中储层有效热解区变化规律不清,实际热解效果无法准确判断难题,采用数值模拟方法,以抚顺油页岩储层为研究对象,建立了油页岩原位注热开采热流固耦合力学模型,与前人结果对比,验证了模型可靠性。重点考察水力压裂裂缝通道短路问题,分析得到了油页岩原位注热开采过程中储层有效热解区、储层有效热解区中地应力、注汽压力及沉降量随注热时间变化规律。结果表明,过热蒸汽沿水力压裂裂缝流动不会出现裂缝通道短路现象,过热蒸汽可通过水力压裂裂缝加速油页岩储层热解;采用过热蒸汽对流加热油页岩储层效率高,只需1年能使96%的油页岩储层达到热解所需温度;油页岩储层有效热解区中部形成应力集中区,最大地应力为21.6 MPa;热解后靠近注热井处岩层发生沉降,热解2年后最大沉降量达0.85 m。所得结论对现场油页岩原位注热开采有参考意义。