Two Coordination Polymers based on 2‐Ethyl‐1H‐imidazole‐4,5‐dicarboxylic Acid and 1,3‐Bis(4‐pyridyl)propane: Synthesis,Crystal Structures,and Photoluminescent Properties

Two coordination polymers, [Cd(Heidc)(bpp)]_n ( 1 ) and [Zn₃ (eidc)₂(bpp)(H₂O)₂] · 2H₂O}_n ( 2 ) (H₃eidc = 2‐ethyl‐4,5‐imidazole dicarboxylic acid, bpp = 1,3‐bis(4‐pyridyl)propane) were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, spectroscopy single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analyses. Compound 1 features a 2D layer formed by C–H ··· π stacking interactions between adjacent chains, whereas compound 2 shows a 3D (8³)₂(8⁵.10)‐tfc framework constructed of the 2D (6,3) layer. The result demonstrates that the central metal atoms play a key role in governing the coordination motifs. Moreover, solid‐state properties such as thermal stabilities and photoluminescence of 1 and 2 were also investigated.     

阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺与阳离子表面活性剂的相互作用

采用自由基水溶液共聚法制备了带有负电荷的水溶性聚丙烯酰胺,研究了水溶液中聚合物与阳离子表面活性剂的相互作用及所导致的水溶性、黏度和流变学性质的变化,为进一步研究驱油提供了理论基础.     

羧基亚胺配体的合成及其促进Suzuki偶联反应的研究

合成了4种羧基亚胺配体并将其用于促进Suzuki偶联反应。通过考察配体结构、溶剂极性、碱强度和温度等因素对反应产率的影响,确定了羧基亚胺配体参与的钯催化Suzuki偶联反应的最佳条件为:催化剂的量为0.001(mol)%的Pd Cl2和0.002(mol)%的配体,以碳酸钾作碱,4m L乙醇水溶液(1∶1,体积比)作溶剂,反应温度为60℃,在空气条件下反应。结果表明,羧基亚胺配体能够有效促进Suzuki偶联反应;在合成的配体L1~L4中,具有适当的位阻和给电子基团的L2的催化活性最高,能够高效催化合成一系列联芳类化合物。     

Frame‐Guided Assembly of Amphiphiles

Frame‐guided assembly, a recently discovered strategy for amphiphilic assembly, is discussed as a strategy for constructing vesicle assemblies with programmed geometries and dimensions under identical surrounding conditions. The strategy is inspired by the cytoskeletal‐membrane protein–lipid bilayer structure and shows great potential in the understanding and controlling of the amphiphilic assembly process. Both the principles and basic requirements are discussed, along with recently reported examples. The prospects and potential investigations of frame‐guided assembly are also proposed.     

有限元分析中硬化弹塑性本构方程积分算法

基于增量段上的应变关于塑性拉氏乘子的变化率为常矢量的假定,导出一种精确有效的、对有限元分析中线性混合硬化弹塑性本构方程的积分算法。以精确算例和等误差分布图的形式检验了本文方法以及其他两种常用方法的精度。     

斜拉桥塔锚固区光弹性应力分析与等倾线图像处理

本文采用光弹性冻结应力法，对独塔斜拉桥塔锚固区进行了应力分析，给出了有关截面的边界应力分布及主应力迹线，从而为优化工程设计提供了重要的参考依据。本文还提出了一种新的提取等倾线的方法──图像对数增强相减法，实现了等倾线与等差线条纹的分离，同时使条纹得到了细化，提高了处理等倾线的速度与准确度。编制了自动绘制主应力迹线的程序，利用它绘制了桥塔截面的次主应力迹线。     

高效凹面聚光集热海水蒸馏淡化及供暖混合装置

在便携的高效凹面聚光集热装置基础上,通过综合利用所获得的太阳热辐射能实现海水淡化蒸馏、温差发电以及温箱供暖,从而达到太阳能高效综合利用的目的.为岛礁等特殊环境下的海水淡化与供暖需求提供一种途径.     

Nanospherical Surface‐Supported Seeded Growth of Au Nanowires: Investigation on a New Growth Mechanism and High‐Performance Hydrogen Peroxide Sensors

In this paper, a novel strategy with a new growth mechanism for fast and large‐scale growth of Au long nanowires on high‐curvature SiO₂ nanospherical surfaces has been developed. The synthesis includes three steps, i.e., amino modification of SiO₂ nanospheres, Au seed loading on aminated SiO₂ nanospheres and subsequently, Au seed‐mediated nanowire growth on SiO₂ nanospheres. The prepared Au nanowires (Au NWs) (exhibit long length, high aspect ratio, and good flexibility, and can naturally form the dense nanowire film, which is promising as a stable conductive electrode. In addition, the effect of synthetic conditions such as reactant feeding order, Au seeds and SiO₂@Au seeds on the morphology of Au nanostructures (nanowires, nanoteeth, and nanoflowers) has been investigated. It is found that Au seeds and high‐curvature SiO₂ nanospherical surfaces are necessary conditions for the successful preparation of Au NWs and nanowire films. The different growth mechanisms for Au NWs and nanoteeth have been proposed and discussed. Moreover, the novel nonenzymatic H₂O₂ sensor based on Au NWs exhibits much enhanced performance such as higher sensitivity, stability, and selectivity, wider linear range and lower detection limit, compared with that of Au nanoparticles‐based H₂O₂ sensor.     

15种中成药中有害重金属铅、镉、铜含量的测定

为了解中药重金属污染情况,测定了市售常用15种中成药中重金属铅、镉、铜的含量,其中铅、镉采用石墨炉原子吸收法,铜采用火焰原子吸收法测定.结果表明,15种中成药均不同程度被这3种重金属污染,通心络中铅、镉、铜含量都已超标,桑菊感冒片镉超标,中药重金属污染问题仍然存在.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铸铝合金中的铜

建立了火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铸铝合金中的铜含量,并研究了酸度、干扰元素、干扰抑制剂的加入量对测定结果的影响.通过大量实验的反复验证,确定了测定铸铝合金中铜元素含量的最佳工作条件,并在最佳工作条件下测定标准试样,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于5％,回收率为99.2％～102.2％,从而证明了方法的可行性.该方法测定铜含量的范...