变斑变焦激光切割光学系统的设计

为了满足不同材料、不同厚度板材加工的需求,设计了一种光斑大小和焦点位置可变的激光切割光学系统,该变斑变焦激光切割光学系统由复合准直镜组、变焦镜组、补偿镜组和聚焦镜组组成;采用在普通光学聚焦系统的准直镜组与聚焦镜组中间放置可调倍率扩束系统,再将准直镜组和可调倍率扩束系统合并成一个复合准直镜组的方案,简化了系统设计;建立了四镜组可变斑变焦光学系统的物理模型,推导了各镜组之间的移动规律,并利用MATLAB软件进行理论验证;在现有切割光学系统的基础上,设计一种变斑变焦激光切割光学系统,并利用软件优化像差。结果表明:通过移动变焦镜组和补偿镜组,得到了放大倍率为1.000～3.750、焦点上下可调范围为-20～+10 mm的焦斑,实现了焦斑大小和焦点位置的精准可调。     

面向突防的多导弹协同弹道规划方法

针对目前多弹协同研究中长距离、宽速域、大空域协同弹道规划研究匮乏这一问题,同时考虑通过弹道设计降低飞行过程中雷达探测概率的实际需求,提出了一种面向突防的多导弹攻击时间/攻击角度协同的弹道规划方法。根据雷达方程,建立了威胁量化模型;针对多导弹攻击时间/攻击角度协同作战需求,给出了实现攻击时间/攻击角度协同的方法;设计了协同弹道规划求解框架,将上述协同攻击问题转化为非线性规划问题,基于hp-自适应Radau伪谱法进行求解得到了满足攻击时间/攻击角度协同的弹道,并对两种典型案例进行了仿真验证。同地先后发射和不同地同时发射情况下,均得到了满足攻击时间/攻击角度协同的弹道。仿真结果表明,该方法能够满足雷达探测威胁最小条件下,多导弹以协同攻击时间/攻击角度对目标实施打击。     

基于变分模态分解和自动编码器的PIN二极管温度特性预测

提出融合变分模态分解（VMD）和自编码器的预测方法,将温升特性曲线分解成若干个子信号分量,其中包含高频的波动量、中间量和低频的趋势量,然后利用自编码器对每个分量进行预测,最后将分量的预测值相加,从而实现对PIN二极管温升特性曲线的精准预测。通过与多种机器学习方法的对比验证了结合VMD分解可有效提升预测精度,同时也验证了自编码器在特性曲线拟合上的优势。     

O + NH反应在3A’’和1A’’势能面上的量子含时波包动力学研究

对于O + NH反应,在3A’’和1A’’ 势能面（Guadagnini R, Schatz G C, Walch S P. Global potential energy surface for the lowest 1A’, 3A’’, and 1A’’ states of HNO [J]. J. Chem. Phys., 1995,10:774）上,我们运用coupled state or centrifugal sudden (CS)近似和close coupling or Coriolis coupled (CC)方法进行了量子动力学计算。通过比较两种方法得到的总的反应几率,我们发现对于两个势能面上的标题反应,CS近似是失效的。我们还讨论了用CS和CC方法得到的速率常数,并进行了结果比较。     

二组元酞菁固相混合法裂解合成直立碳纳米管

通过向两种金属酞菁的混合物添加一定量的硫粉,在800～950 ℃裂解合成了大面积的直立碳纳米管。采用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和拉曼光谱对产物进行了观察和表征,结果显示：所合成的碳纳米管(直径为15～35 nm,长度为200～800 nm)管身平直,具有很好的石墨化程度,且杂质很少。采用两种金属酞菁((M(Ⅱ)Pc, M=Fe, Co))进行混合裂解时,既可以提供碳源,而且可以产生相当均匀的催化剂颗粒,有利直立碳纳米管的沉积。这种将两种酞菁进行固相混合裂解的方法,相当安全高效,有利于大规模生产直立碳纳米管。     

紫外光固化自修复剂的微胶囊化及智能防腐蚀涂层的制备

利用在水相中原位生成的聚脲甲醛沉淀吸附在可见紫外光固化组份构成的油相表面,制备了包覆自修复剂的脲醛树脂（PUF）微胶囊. 光学显微镜及SEM表明,PUF微胶囊尺寸为118-663 μm,与PUF 形成过程中的搅拌速度有关. 在中等搅拌速度（600 r/min）时,可以得到最高的包覆率（97.52wt%）和产率（65.23wt%）. 将此微胶囊掺入水性聚氨酯乳胶中制成的涂层表面受损后,在紫外光照射下可以进行自修复,具有优异的金属防腐蚀性能.     

High-order Lagrangian cell-centered conservative scheme on unstructured meshes

A high-order Lagrangian cell-centered conservative gas dynamics scheme is presented on unstructured meshes. A high-order piecewise pressure of the cell is intro- duced. With the high-order piecewise pressure of the cell, the high-order spatial discretiza- tion fluxes are constructed. The time discretization of the spatial fluxes is performed by means of the Taylor expansions of the spatial discretization fluxes. The vertex velocities are evaluated in a consistent manner due to an original solver located at the nodes by means of momentum conservation. Many numerical tests are presented to demonstrate the robustness and the accuracy of the scheme.     

Simulating resonance-mediated two-photon absorption enhancement in rare-earth ions by a rectangle phase modulation

Improving the up-conversion luminescence efficiency of rare-earth ions via the multi-photon absorption process is crucial in several related application areas. In this work, we theoretically propose a feasible scheme to enhance the resonance-mediated two-photon absorption in Er~(3+) ions by shaping the femtosecond laser field with a rectangle phase modulation. Our theoretical results show that the resonance-mediated two-photon absorption can be decomposed into the on-resonant and near-resonant parts, and the on-resonant part mainly comes from the contribution of laser central frequency components, while the near-resonant part mainly results from the excitation of low and high laser frequency components.So, the rectangle phase modulation can induce a constructive interference between the two parts by properly designing the modulation depth and width, and finally realizes the resonance-mediated two-photon absorption enhancement. Moreover, our results also show that the enhancement efficiency of resonance-mediated two-photon absorption depends on the laser pulse width(or laser spectral bandwidth), final state transition frequency, and intermediate and final state absorption bandwidths. The enhancement efficiency modulation can be attributed to the relative weight manipulation of on-resonant and near-resonant two-photon absorption in the whole excitation process. This study presents a clear physical insight for the quantum control of resonance-mediated two-photon absorption in the rare-earth ions, and there will be an important significance for improving the up-conversion luminescence efficiency of rare-earthions.     

壳聚糖辐射裂解制备基因载体及其体外转染性能研究

Chitosan (CS) is expected to be an ideal gene carrier for its high biosafety. In this work, CS with low molecular weight were prepared through the γ-ray radiation on the acetic acid solution of CS. The CS chains were scissioned under the γ-ray radiation, and the molecular weight (MW) of CS decreased with the absorbed dose. When the absorbed dose was above 30 kGy, the molecular weight of CS decreased about an order of magnitude. The γ-ray-radiation-scissioned CS can e ectively bind with plasmid (pEGFP) through complex coacervation method, forming pEGFP/ γ-ray-radiation-scissioned CS complex particles with a size of 200-300 nm. The complex particles have good stability and little cytotoxicity. The in uitro gene transfection efficiencies of the pEGFP/ γ-ray-radiation-scissioned CS complex particles were investigated by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. The results showed that the gene vectors using γ-ray-radiation-scissioned CS as the carrier will possess better gene transfection efficiency than those using natural high-MW CS as the carrier. The higher the absorbed dose, the smaller the MW of CS and the better transfection efficiency of the corresponding gene vector. This work provides a green and simple method on the preparation of CS-based gene vectors with high efficiency and biosafety.     

高浓度CO_2存在时水蒸汽在V形纵槽表面凝结换热的实验研究

本文进行了CO_2-水混合蒸气在不锈钢V形纵槽表面进行了凝结换热实验研究。结果表明,CO_2质量浓度在80%~94%范围内,两V形纵槽表面的凝结换热特性均优于光滑平板。1 mm×2 mm纵槽冷凝表面的凝结换热系数比平板提高了8.51%~15.4%。在20%~94%浓度范围内,1 mm×2 mm冷凝特性均优于0.5 mm×1 mm冷凝块,所以适当增加肋片的高度和肋间距在一定程度上可以强化冷凝传热过程。