Rectangular-radial drawings of cubic plane graphs

Rectangular drawings and rectangular duals can be naturally extended to other surfaces. In this paper, we extend rectangular drawings and rectangular duals to drawings on a cylinder. The extended drawings are called rectangular-radial drawings and rectangular-radial duals. Rectangular-radial drawings correspond to periodic rectangular tilings of a 1-dimensional strip. We establish a necessary and sufficient condition for plane graphs with maximum degree 3 to have rectangular-radial drawings and a necessary and sufficient condition for triangulated plane graphs to have rectangular-radial duals. Furthermore, we present three linear time algorithms under three different conditions for finding a rectangular-radial drawing for a given cubic plane graph, if one exists.     

Investment optimization on port’s development by fuzzy integer programming

In this research, the main purpose is to formulate a model to determine the optimum investment on port development from national investment prospective; on the other hand, costs and benefits are calculated from consumer and investor’s viewpoint. The formulated model is an integer-programming model. The emphasis is on how to formulate an investment optimization problem where cargo operation, investment costs, cargo-handling capacity, cargo transportation network, and the world maritime fleet constraints are included. Fuzzy numbers are used for cargo forecast study results. The output of the model is the type of design ships and design berths which are needed in each sub period, so that the port planner (the government) will find out the optimum development plan of port in each sub period when there is uncertainty in cargo handling forecast (fuzzy numbers).     

Selective and mild oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides by H_2O_2 using DBUH-Br_3 as catalyst

<正>DBUH-Br_3 catalyzed selective conversion of sulfides to sulfoxides in the presence of H_2O_2 as oxidizing agent is described.The reaction was performed selectively at room temperature and relatively short reaction times.     

Laser based fabrication of chitosan mediated silver nanoparticles

We report fabrication of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) by laser ablation technique in different concentrations of aqueous chitosan solution. The ablation process of silver plate was carried out by using a nanosecond Q-switched Nd:YAG pulsed laser and the characterization of Ag NPs was done by Transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. UV-visible plasmon absorption spectra revealed that the formation efficiency as well as the stability of nanoparticles was increased by addition of chitosan. On the other hand, the size decrement of nanoparticles was more remarkable in the higher chitosan concentration.     

Reverse phase HPLC determination of sunitinib malate using UV detector,its isomerisation study,method development and validation

Sunitinib malate, as an anticancer compound and a multi-targeted tyrosine-kinase inhibitor for treatment of glioma, was comprehensively studied by using different liquid chromatography methods. Since sunitinib malate shows Z-E isomerism, various reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) programs were designed to access quantitative determination and good separation of Z-E stereoisomers. Moreover, some impurities including N-oxide and impurity B were to be separated from the main isomer with acceptable resolution. In the present work, different RP-HPLC programs were developed in which the type of mobile phase, flow rate, pH, and temperature were optimized to reach the best analysis conditions and control the rate of Z to E conversion. In addition, the effect of some operational parameters during the solution preparation including initial concentration of the analyte, temperature, pH, and type of solvent on the stability of Z isomer were investigated. The opted conditions for quantitative analysis were C8-Hector column as stationary phase, methanol as solvent, ammonium acetate buffer containing triethylamine as mobile phase, the pH of mobile phase of 8.5, the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and detection at 425 nm. In this situation the peaks of E and Z isomers were at 16.3 and 19.7 min. Full validation of the designed method was done based on ICH guidelines.     

A comparison of the inclusion behavior of human serum albumin and holo transferrin with fluoxymesterone in the presence of three different cyclodextrins

This article describes the interaction of fluoxymesterone (Flu) with HSA and HTF in the absence and presence of cyclodextrins (CDs) (α, β and γ). According to fluorescence data, the binding of Flu to the proteins caused strong static quenching in the binary and ternary systems. The fluorescence quenching results demonstrated that HSA and HTF had two and one class of apparent binding sites with a distinct binding constant in the presence of the CDs, respectively. The effects of Flu on the structure of HSA and HTF were analyzed using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, which showed that the interaction of Flu with both proteins in the binary and ternary systems altered the microenvironment around the Trp and Tyr residues. The distance, r, between Flu and the proteins was obtained according to FRET which pointed at a successful formation of a drug-protein complex. Far-UV CD spectra indicated that the binding of the drug to both proteins induced changes in the secondary structure of HSA and HTF in the binary and ternary systems. Finally, molecular modeling provided possible binding sites of Flu within the proteins for the binary and ternary systems and also confirmed the experimental results. The obtained data can be useful for determining usage drug doses in drug delivery.     

Computing the eccentric-distance sum for graph operations

In this paper, we present explicit formulas for computing the eccentric-distance sum of the most important graph operations such as the Cartesian product, join, composition, disjunction, symmetric difference, cluster and corona product of graphs. Also, we apply our results to compute this eccentricity-related invariant for some important classes of molecular graphs and nano-structures by specializing components of these graph operations.     

Approximation of stochastic advection diffusion equations with Stochastic Alternating Direction Explicit methods

The numerical solutions of stochastic partial differential equations of Itô type with time white noise process, using stable stochastic explicit finite difference methods are considered in the paper. Basically, Stochastic Alternating Direction Explicit (SADE) finite difference schemes for solving stochastic time dependent advection-diffusion and diffusion equations are represented and the main properties of these stochastic numerical methods, e.g. stability, consistency and convergence are analyzed. In particular, it is proved that when stable alternating direction explicit schemes for solving linear parabolic PDEs are developed to the stochastic case, they retain their unconditional stability properties applying to stochastic advection-diffusion and diffusion SPDEs. Numerically, unconditional stable SADE techniques are significant for approximating the solutions of the proposed SPDEs because they do not impose any restrictions for refining the computational domains. The performance of the proposed methods is tested for stochastic diffusion and advection-diffusion problems, and the accuracy and efficiency of the numerical methods are demonstrated.     

Role of bio-derived zinc oxide nanoparticles in antifungal and photocatalytic activities

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are known as a material in the treatment of environmental pollutions. In this study, ZnO-NPs were synthesized using...     

Synthesis of Novel Triazole Incorporated Thiazolone Motifs Having Promising Antityrosinase Activity through Green Nanocatalyst CuI-Fe3O4@SiO2 (TMS-EDTA)

In the present work, novel 5-((1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxybenzylidene)-2-(arylamino)thiazol-4-one thiazolone incorporated triazole derivatives have been designed as tyrosinase inhibitors. The compounds were synthesized through click reaction in good yield. Moreover, the antityrosinas activity of the synthesized derivatives was evaluated. In the search for establishing a click copper-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction under strict conditions, in terms of a novel air-stable, a recyclable and efficient magnetic catalyst was planned for new triazole derivatives as a well-organized copper iodide supported on the functionalized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core-shell (CuI/Fe₃O₄@SiO₂(TMS-EDTA) nanoparticles). The engineered nanocatalyst synthesized for the first time and characterized by different methods, including FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, FESEM, EDX, TEM, TGA, and BET analysis. The excellent catalytic performance in ethanol with high surface area (351.7 m²g⁻¹) and short reaction time for diverse functional groups (120–200 min), no use of toxic solvents, reusability of the catalyst, and using eco-friendly conditions are the advantageous of this work. Moreover,the nanocatalyst can be used at least five times without any significant decrease in the yield of the reaction. The thiazolidine-triazole derivatives 9a , 9c , 9e , and 9 g showed promising tyrosinase inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values in the range of 5.90–9.81 μM. The compounds were found to be considerably more potent tyrosinase inhibitors than the reference inhibitor kojic acid (IC₅₀ = 18.36 μM).